Modification-free boron-doped diamond as a sensing material for direct and reliable detection of the antiretroviral drug nevirapine

In this work, non-modified boron-doped diamond (BDD) was employed first time ever as the sensing material for the in-depth voltammetric study of the antiretroviral drug nevirapine (NVP) used to treat HIV infections. Two types of electrode surface pre-treatments, anodic oxidation and alumina-polishing, yielded BDD of different surface...

Inkjet Printing-Manufactured Boron-Doped Diamond Chip Electrodes for Electrochemical Sensing Purposes

Fabrication of patterned boron-doped diamond (BDD) in an inexpensive and straightforward way is required for a variety of practical applications, including the development of BDD-based electrochemical sensors. This work describes a simplified and novel bottom-up fabrication approach for BDD-based three-electrode sensor chips utilizing direct...

Electrochemical behavior of cocaine cutting agents at the polarized liquid-liquid interface

In this work, we have used cyclic voltammetry to investigate the interfacial behavior of cocaine cutting agents at the electrified liquid-liquid interface formed between a solution of the water and 1,2-dichloroethane phases. Among 27 chemical species used to adulterate cocaine street samples, only 8 were detectable in the available potential...

Combined Ab Initio and Experimental Study of Hydrogen Sorption in Dual-Phase Steels

Controlling the detrimental effect of hydrogen on the mechanical behaviour of advanced high strength steels is decisive for their application. Precipitates in steels can be useful in irreversibly trapping the hydrogen atoms, thereby preventing their diffusion to critical regions in the microstructure where they can be most detrimental. In...

Highly sensitive non-enzymatic detection of glucose at mwcnt-cubtc composite electrode

A novel electrochemical glucose sensor was developed, based on a multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)-copper-1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid (CuBTC)-epoxy composite electrode, named MWCNT-CuBTC. The electrode nanocomposite was prepared by a two-roll mill procedure and characterized morphostructurally by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The...

Layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly of polyelectrolytes at the surface of a fiberglass membrane used as a support of the polarized liquid–liquid interface

In this work, the electrified liquid–liquid interface (LLI) was supported with the bare and polyelectrolyte modified fiberglass membranes. The permeability of these supports was then investigated with ion transfer voltammetry (ITV). This work descends from three mutually interconnected experimental tasks. (i) The study of an interfacial...

Electrochemical cocaine (bio)sensing. From solid electrodes to soft junctions

In this review, we describe the importance and possible electrochemical screening methods for the illicit drug – cocaine. It covers the detection at bare and modified solid electrodes, soft electrified junctions and nanopore sensing. Emphasis is given on interfacial modification techniques and electroanalytical parameters for cocaine...

Laser-induced Periodic Surface Structures (LIPSS) on heavily boron-doped diamond for electrode applications

Diamond is known as a promising electrode material in the fields of cell stimulation, energy storage (e.g., supercapacitors), (bio)sensing, catalysis, etc. However, engineering its surface and electrochemical properties often requires costly and complex procedures with addition of foreign material (e.g., carbon nanotube or polymer) scaffolds...

Advances in the Electronics for Cyclic Voltammetry: The Case of Gas Detection by Using Microfabricated Electrodes

This paper presents an advanced voltammetric system to be used as electronic tongue for liquid and gas analysis. It has been designed to be more flexible and accurate with respect to other existing and similar systems. It features improved electronics and additional operative conditions. Among others these include the possibility to optically...

Performance enhancement of reduced graphene oxide-modified carbon electrodes for vanadium redox-flow systems

Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) suspended in an N,N′-dimethylformamide (DMF) solvent underwent electrophoretic deposition (EPD) on carbon paper (CP) electrodes. X-ray computed micro-tomography (XMT) indicates a 24 % increase in the specific surface area of CP modified with rGO in comparison to the untreated sample. Furthermore, XMT confirms that...

Electrochemical Selective and Simultaneous Detection of Diclofenac and Ibuprofen in Aqueous Solution Using HKUST-1 Metal-Organic Framework-Carbon Nanofiber Composite Electrode

In this study, the detection protocols for the individual, selective, and simultaneous determination of ibuprofen (IBP) and diclofenac (DCF) in aqueous solutions have been developed using HKUST-1 metal-organic framework-carbon nanofiber composite (HKUST-CNF) electrode. The morphological and electrical characterization of modified composite...

Substrate-dependent kinetics in tyrosinase-based biosensing: Amperometry vs. spectrophotometry

Despite the broad use of enzymes in electroanalytical biosensors, the influence of enzyme kinetics on the function of prototype sensors is often overlooked or neglected. In the present study, we employ amperometry as an alternative or complementary method to study the kinetics of tyrosinase, whose catalytic activity results in o-quinone products...

Electrochemical Determination of Pentachlorophenol in Water on a Multi-Wall Carbon Nanotubes-Epoxy Composite Electrode

The aim of this study was the preparation, characterization, and application of a multi-wall carbon nanotubes-epoxy composite electrode (MWCNT-EP) with 25%, wt. MWCNTs loading for the voltammetric/amperometric determination of pentachlorophenol (PCP) in aqueous solutions. The structural and morphological aspects of the MWCNT-EP composite...

Electrochemical determination of hydrogen peroxide using Rhodobacter capsulatus cytochrome c peroxidase at a gold electrode

We describe the redox behaviour of horse heart cytochrome c (HHC) and Rhodobacter capsulatus cytochrome c peroxidase (RcCCP) at a gold electrode modified with 4,4?-bipyridyl. RcCCP shows no additional oxidation or reduction peaks compared to the electrochemistry of only HHC, which indicates that it most likely binds to HHC and results in a...

Diffusion enhancement in LixMn2O4

Electrochemical insertion of lithium into YBa2Cu307y