- document
-
Lehner, Hubert (author), Kordasch, Sara Lena (author), Glatz, Charlotte (author), Agugiaro, G. (author)This paper presents a CityGML-based data model developed for the semantic 3D city model of Vienna, Austria. The data model consists in a profile of the CityGML 2.0 standard and has been extended by means of an Application Domain Extension (ADE) developed by the Department for Surveying and Mapping of the City of Vienna in order to comply with...conference paper 2024
- document
-
van der Vaart, J.A.J. (author), Stoter, J.E. (author), Diakite, A.A. (author), Biljecki, F. (author), Arroyo Ohori, G.A.K. (author), Hakim, Amir (author)Although level of detail (LoD) is a central concept in 3D city modelling, specifying different LoDs in an unambiguous manner is not straightforward. To resolve this, a set of frameworks have been developed. This paper evaluates the suitability of the LoD framework of (Biljecki et al. 2016) for 3D building models that have been generated directly...conference paper 2024
- document
-
Hakim, Amir (author), van der Vaart, J.A.J. (author), Arroyo Ohori, G.A.K. (author), Stoter, J.E. (author)The integration of 3D city models and Building Information Models (BIM) in the context of GeoBIM has gained significant attention from both academia and industry. Harmonizing the distinct characteristics and goals of these models is crucial for successful integration. In this paper, we present the development of a plugin for Autodesk Revit, a...conference paper 2024
- document
-
Ying, Shen (author), van Oosterom, P.J.M. (author), Fan, Hongchao (author)The recent years observe the vast development in new techniques and methods for modelling, visualization, and analysis of 3D digital cities, as the need of digital twins of urban environment in different applications and simulations has been increased dramatically. This special issue attempts to give an overview of the recent progress and...journal article 2023
- document
-
Lei, Binyu (author), Janssen, P.H.T. (author), Stoter, J.E. (author), Biljecki, Filip (author)Many challenges to operate digital twins remain, hindering their design and implementation, and are rarely discussed. Furthermore, issues of social and legal nature are often overlooked. We identify the challenges of operating digital twins in the urban context through a bifurcated and multi-dimensional approach: a systematic literature...review 2023
- document
-
Pađen, I. (author), Garcia Sanchez, C. (author), Ledoux, H. (author)In the computational fluid dynamics simulation workflow, the geometry preparation step is often regarded as a tedious, time-consuming task. Many practitioners consider it one of the main bottlenecks in the simulation process. The more complex the geometry, the longer the necessary work, meaning this issue is amplified for urban flow simulations...journal article 2022
- document
-
Vitalis, S. (author), Arroyo Ohori, G.A.K. (author), Stoter, J.E. (author)Level of Detail (LoD) is a well known concept in 3D city models, used to designate different geometric detail that can be used in different applications. Nevertheless, multi-LoD datasets are hard to maintain and manage because of their intrinsic complexity. Versioning is a solution that aids in the storage and management of big and complex...journal article 2022
- document
-
Roy, E.I. (author), Pronk, Maarten (author), Agugiaro, G. (author), Ledoux, H. (author)Data on the number of floors is required for several applications, for instance, energy demand estimation, population estimation, and flood response plans. Despite this, open data on the number of floors is very rare, even when a 3D city model is available. In practice, it is most often inferred with a geometric method: elevation data is used...journal article 2022
- document
-
Tufan, Ö (author), Arroyo Ohori, G.A.K. (author), León Sánchez, C.A. (author), Agugiaro, G. (author), Stoter, J.E. (author)3D city models are frequently used to acquire and store energy-related information of buildings for energy applications. In this context, CityGML is the most common data model, and the Energy ADE, one of its most complex extensions, provides a systematic way of storing detailed energy-related data in XML format. Contrarily, even though...journal article 2022
- document
-
Morlighem, Camille (author), Labetski, A. (author), Ledoux, H. (author)Historical maps are increasingly used for studying how cities have evolved over time, and their applications are multiple: understanding past outbreaks, urban morphology, economy, etc. However, these maps are usually scans of older paper maps, and they are therefore restricted to two dimensions. We investigate in this paper how historical maps...journal article 2022
- document
-
Dukai, B. (author), Peters, R.Y. (author), Vitalis, S. (author), van Liempt, J.N.H. (author), Stoter, J.E. (author)Fully automated reconstruction of high-detail building models on a national scale is challenging. It raises a set of problems that are seldom found when processing smaller areas, single cities. Often there is no reference, ground truth available to evaluate the quality of the reconstructed models. Therefore, only relative quality metrics are...journal article 2021
- document
-
Garcia Sanchez, C. (author), Vitalis, S. (author), Pađen, I. (author), Stoter, J.E. (author)Climate change and urbanization rates are transforming urban environments, making the use of 3D city models in computational fluid dynamics (CFD) a fundamental ingredient to evaluate urban layouts before construction. However, current geometries used in CFD simulations tend to be built by CFD experts to test specific cases, most of the times...journal article 2021
- document
-
Widl, Edmund (author), Agugiaro, G. (author), Peters-Anders, Jan (author)Worldwide, cities are nowadays formulating their own sustainability goals, including ambitious targets related to the generation and consumption of energy. In order to support decision makers in reaching these goals, energy experts typically rely on simulation models of urban energy systems, which provide a cheap and efficient way to analyze...journal article 2021
- document
-
Kumar, Kavisha (author)A 3D city model is a digital representation of the spatial features in an urban<br/>environment. Buildings, terrain, vegetation, water bodies, etc. all form an integral part of a 3D city model. The possibility to enrich these city models with additional application-specific information, whether new semantics or geometry, further increases their...doctoral thesis 2020
- document
-
Zhou, K. (author)3D city models are increasingly used to maintain and improve urban infrastructure. Keeping 3D city models accurate and up-to-date is essential for municipalities to make decisions in a time of strongly increasing urbanization. 3D information provided by airborne laser scanning (ALS) is widely used for generating 3D city models. However, ALS data...doctoral thesis 2020
- document
-
Ruben, P.A. (author), Sileryte, R. (author), Agugiaro, G. (author)Urban mining aims at reusing building materials enclosed in our cities. Therefore, it requires accurate information on the availability of these materials for each separate building. While recent publications have demonstrated that such information can be obtained using machine learning and data fusion techniques applied to hyperspectral...journal article 2020
- document
-
Noardo, F. (author), Arroyo Ohori, G.A.K. (author), Biljecki, Filip (author), Ellul, Claire (author), Harrie, Lars (author), Krijnen, T.F. (author), van Liempt, J.N.H. (author), Vitalis, S. (author), Stoter, J.E. (author)OGC CityGML is an open standard for 3D city models intended to foster interoperability and support various applications. However, through our practical experience and discussions with practitioners, we have noticed several problems related to the implementation of the standard and the use of standardized data. Nevertheless, a systematic...journal article 2020
- document
-
Zhou, K. (author), Lindenbergh, R.C. (author), Gorte, Ben (author), Zlatanova, S. (author)Change detection is essential to keep 3D city models up-to-date. LiDAR data with high accuracy are used to create 3D city models. However, updating LiDAR data at state or nation level often takes around a decade. Very high resolution (VHR) stereo images, with often yearly updating rate and dense 3D information, provide an option for...journal article 2020
- document
-
Noardo, F. (author), Harrie, Lars (author), Arroyo Ohori, G.A.K. (author), Biljecki, F. (author), Ellul, Claire (author), Krijnen, T.F. (author), Eriksson, Helen (author), Guler, Dogus (author), Hintz, Dean (author), Stoter, J.E. (author)The integration of 3D city models with Building Information Models (BIM), coined as GeoBIM, facilitates improved data support to several applications, e.g., 3D map updates, building permits issuing, detailed city analysis, infrastructure design, context-based building design, to name a few. To solve the integration, several issues need to be...journal article 2020
- document
-
Noardo, F. (author), Arroyo Ohori, G.A.K. (author), Biljecki, F. (author), Ellul, C. (author), Harrie, L. (author), Krijnen, T.F. (author), Kokla, M. (author), Stoter, J.E. (author)Standardised data formats and data models are essential for data integration and interoperability, which in turn adds value to data by allowing its reuse in multiple contexts. For this reason, in recent years extensive efforts have been focused on standards development. When representing the built environment, 3D city models and Building...journal article 2020