An Ammonia-Fuelled Solid Oxide Fuel Cell - Internal Combustion Engine Hybrid System for Ships

Ammonia (NH3) may reduce CO2 emissions from the marine industry as it is carbon-free and more energy-dense than hydrogen or batteries. Pure ammonia exhibits poor combustion characteristics, so several researchers have already operated small-scale internal combustion engines (ICEs) with ammonia-hydrogen blends. However, nitrogen oxides NOx and...

Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Propulsion System Fueled by Ammonia: Subjected to a vessel from the Watertaxi Rotterdam Company

As a result of the Paris Agreement, energy technologies require to shift from fossil fuel based to carbon neutral. In 2015, the maritime sector was responsible for 2.6 % of the global CO2 emissions. The combination of the solid oxide fuel cell fueled by sustainable synthesized ammonia is seen as a potential solution to<br/>reduce emissions....