Stability of rock-based emergency measures based on the Grave Weir calamity

On the 29th of December 2016 a large Rhine ship loaded with 2000 ton benzene sailed through the weir at Grave, located in the river Meuse in the Netherlands. The accident created a large gap in the weir and within 12 hours the upstream water level decreased by a maximum of 3 meters. Due to this decreased water level shipping was limited,...