"uuid","repository link","title","author","contributor","publication year","abstract","subject topic","language","publication type","publisher","isbn","issn","patent","patent status","bibliographic note","access restriction","embargo date","faculty","department","research group","programme","project","coordinates"
"uuid:8f31b2a9-f5c9-4691-b977-dd9c9dccb2e4","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:8f31b2a9-f5c9-4691-b977-dd9c9dccb2e4","Reframing Brussels' Canal zone: From path dependence to path renewal","Swinkels, Siene (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Viseu Cardoso, Rodrigo (mentor); Hausleitner, B. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","Many western European countries have undergone the process of deindustrialisation. The has resulted in a changed economy focused on knowledge. This went hand in hand with urbanisation, resulting in explosive population growth in many cities. In combination with the rise of neoliberal planning made cities an attractive investment object. All three of these trends have caused many industrial areas to be transformed in often glamorous projects
to revamp cities images. While aesthetically improving cities, it has also often started or intensified processes of gentrification. The canal zone of Brussels however seems to be very stable in this regard, and has not undergone
any big transformation. My hypothesis is that this could be attributed to strong path dependencies within the area, which expresses itself in three ways: the segregated social profile, the industrial land use and its governance fragmentation. Often neoliberal planning treats these types of path dependent location as a sort of ‘tabula rasa’ that can be used to maximise profits and thus deals with these path dependencies by path breaking: demolishing urban fabric and displacing people and/or economic functions. Due to the fact that these path dependencies seem quite strong in Brussels and have not yet undergone such a transformation, makes it a unique opportunity to look at a different approach of urban development. Approaching these path dependencies from the perspective of path renewal, these could be starting points for a just, productive and place-based development. How can a just, productive and place-based development be achieved in the Canal zone of Brussels, utilizing the area’s path dependencies
through path renewal? First the past, present and future for the canal zone will be analysed to see how these dependencies have and possibly will develop. After that a synthesis will be made from which values are derived. Based on these values a vision and strategic framework will be constructed, which will be tested on case study sites. This strategy is underpinned by a pattern language which is used to explore pathways to path renewal. Ultimately this strategy aims to intensify the local economy, empower local communities and preserve spatial identity.","Brussels; Canal zone; Path dependencies; Industrial urban integration","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Complex Cities","","50.8465573, 4.351697"
"uuid:f917553d-597a-473a-be3d-f80c955e7588","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:f917553d-597a-473a-be3d-f80c955e7588","The Line of Dissent: An architectural-political vision for an open European Union","Stoschek, Dominik (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Vrachliotis, Georg (mentor); Pohl, D. (graduation committee); van der Meel, H.L. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","At the EU Parliament in Brussels, deliberation and decision-making processes are stuck in an ever-turning hamster wheel designed to reach unanimous compromises. The architecture of the so-called Consensusland provides spatial settings exclusively designed for the purpose of reaching compromises and not offering room where discussions and conflicts can be discussed open-endedly. What is supposed to be a building for exchange and deliberation rather nourishes an atmosphere of complete consensus.
The Line of Dissent offers both, an urbanistic and architectural approach to institutionalize a citizen's assembly integrated into the existing parliament's complex. By exploring different spatial settings and sequences, a myriad of assembly and information spaces is being created. Here, the participants of the citizen’s assembly are enabled to come up with thoughts and ideas on the future of the EU where an architecture characterised by transparency and openness nourishes an atmosphere of dissent. The design seeks to blur the borders between the public and the political realm to enhance the permeability of both spheres and to eventually lower the threshold for citizens willing to engage in the decision-making processes on an European level.","EU; assembly; politics; dissent; Brussels; EU-quarter; EU-parliament; deliberation; public realm; decision-making","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Explorelab","","50.838784, 4.374792"
"uuid:0a12ffa5-421b-4a7e-a3f0-f2c1bd47725e","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:0a12ffa5-421b-4a7e-a3f0-f2c1bd47725e","A space for sex work: An intersectional feminist approach to brothels in the context of decriminalisation","Feria Prados, Irene (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Gorny, R.A. (graduation committee); Vink, M.G. (mentor); van de Voort, J.A. (graduation committee); Louw, E. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","This project deals with spaces for a historically neglected collective: sex workers. It aims to destigmatize the practice by representing the workers and the material conditions that determine their safety and well-being every day, of which architecture is part.
Articulated from an intersectional feminist point of view, the research evaluates how the design of these spaces has been and continues to be a technology to control the workers. At the same time, it visualizes the workers and how they construct processes of emancipation within their (legally and spatially) subjugated position.
The design offers a working space that houses these emancipatory practices, in the context of the recent decriminalisation of sex work in Belgium. In order to do so, it draws from feminist and queer theories to construct an understanding of space that materializes the emancipation from the scale of the neighbourhood and urban block, until the detailing and use of material.
Terrain vague is defined by its ambiguous character. The project, which establishes the terrain vague as a walled garden, is a response to the scars that are made by the historic urban interventions. It defines itself as a space with a public character and gives it to those who require it. It gives meaning to a meaningless void in the city. It keeps the ambiguous, informal, and improvised character that is found on terrain vague, and translates it to a space of possibilities and forming a new center point in the European quarter in Brussels.
for more information, please send an email to:
meert.sander@gmail.com
The municipality of Brussels is working on improving the city through a slow traffic mobility plan, creating green connections and changing the economic shape in Brussels. Meanwhile, the National Bank of Belgium stands like a closed fortress at a critical point in Brussels.
In this graduation project, the National Bank of Brussels as an institution offers new terrain through the creation of a radical opening to create a connection from the lower part of Brussels to the upper part of the city and creating a new connection that contributes to a better mobility in the city.","Brussels; National Bank of Belgium; Public interior; Interiors Buildings Cities; Bank of the future; Office; Commercial","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Public Building","Palace","50.848917, 4.359806"
"uuid:07be2b4a-9998-443b-b742-c17d30c3f418","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:07be2b4a-9998-443b-b742-c17d30c3f418","Reinterpreting the National Bank of Belgium","Vieira Dellosso, Giulia (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Pietsch, S. (mentor); Hansen, B.L. (mentor); Parravicini, M. (mentor); Rosbottom, D.J. (mentor); De Vocht, S. (mentor); Pimlott, Mark (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","With the pressing issues that arise from a society driven and measured by flow of capital and wealth, the future of the National Bank of Belgium and its role to society is questioned as most of its functions are becoming digital or being relocated. A monumental building, representing an institution in an extremely relevant capital, presents itself as a great case study towards establishing and strengthening social relations, communities and identity in a city. Thus the project of redeveloping the National Bank of Belgium has taken a much wider scale. It is not only concerned about the working spaces and architectural quality within the bank building but most importantly, it focuses on what the National Bank of Belgium brings to the citizens of Brussels, opening up as an institution that welcomes the city.
After investigating the city of Brussels from its urban aspect, demographics and turbulent history, the location of the National Bank of Belgium appears as a void when compared to its surrounding areas: it is not inhabited by its citizens (in fact it was taken from them) but by empty buildings and offices.
The project thus deals not only with the brief of the office and the renovation of the bank, but with the meaning a National Bank can have towards the city it resides in, changing the urban fabric by welcoming a new public in a rather segregated block, contaminating it and allowing for inhabitation to take place.
However, before dwellings can be built and the neighbourhood inhabited, there has to be infrastructure.
In addition to the urban investigation that pointed at the relevance of educational and cultural buildings in residential areas, the case studies of the Kanal Pompidou and the sportshall Amal Amjahid, both in the city of Brussels, strengthen the argument of how those specific public functions can be used to contaminate areas that have become a void in the city. It is by framing and supporting social interaction among a diverse mix of users and programs, the buildings with cultural and educational functions act as a beginning of urban change.
Nevertheless, it is not only a matter of programmatic change. Introducing public life in a building that was made to intimidate and keep outsiders away requires a constant switch between all the scales and alternating between design and research.
Thus the main point of the project was to change the message of the National Bank of Belgium towards its citizens, becoming a provider of knowledge through education and culture, and most importantly, playing a main role as the beginning of urban change where the block would transition from being a void in the city to an inhabited neighbourhood.
This transition was done by taking into consideration three instruments: social, organizational and representational.
The social instrument: Before inhabitation can take place, publicness has to be perceived, therefore it was important to add porosity and vulnerability to the bank building, opening up for new users. Although each part of the building has a very specific use, the way that people are distributed and oriented through the building has no hierarchy, with all the different target groups circulating in the same way, through a periphery that goes through the building.
The organizational instrument: The idea of periphery comes from the German architect Fritz Neumeyer who argues that every public space should have a center and a periphery, thus allowing for passive public life to take place, where people are allowed to simply observe.
The representational instrument: Nevertheless, this was done by respecting the current language of the bank and not diminishing the building. Although completely new functions are added, the main architecture approach is to destroy as little as possible, reusing most of the building and simply direct the users, changing the current circulation and adding a periphery zone to the building.Finally, all those ideas culminate at the end of the building, where a new exhibition hall is added, showcasing to the city not only what the new National Bank of Belgium is capable of, but who the new groups of people that are inhabiting it are.
All those points were taken into consideration in every scale, ranging from programmatic decisions to changes to the façade, reinterpreting objects and following the language of the tiling material found in the building.
The framework of the studio where the conciliation between research and design, urban to interior could not be more appropriate to such a complex project, adding a sense of reality that is usually absent in other academic projects. Nevertheless, perhaps it was exactly this complexity and lack of time that proved to be extremely overwhelming at some points. It is not only a tremendously large building but actually three different characters that are put together in one block and now have to change completely. This made me wonder many times whether this project would have been better if done in groups of 3 students, perhaps this way it would have been possible to think through all of its complexity.
Built to its limits, the introverted character of the complex reflects the historical need to secure Belgium's financial reserves within its walls. Since its completion, however, there has been a fundamental change in the demands placed upon it. Industrial functions, such as printing and storing currency, have moved out of the city or abroad. At the same time, finance is becoming increasingly digitised. In response, the National Bank decided to redefine itself physically.
The proposal examines the optimisation of space through various changes to the layout of the offices to fit the bank's desired programme, as set out in the competition brief. The project recognises that the reduced surface area required by the bank allows a large part of the site to be given over to the city. The proposal not only suggests not new uses but new spaces that become part of the urban fabric, establishing connections and refuges for urban life, both public and private.
The in depth analysis of the history of urban transformation of the city of Brussels led by land speculation, revealed the problems of the Central European capital cities during the second half of the 19th century, which have been unavoidably inherited by the city of the 21st century. The process of urban gentrification of the historic town, firstly by pushing out the working classes to the periphery in favour of the wealthy bourgeois and secondly exploiting land value financially erasing any hint of residential life from the old city at the heart of Brussels’ Pentagon. The result of these consecutive processes of urban transformation can be read in space through the architectural typology of Brussels and have been explained in this research by means of the alley, the shopping arcade, the corner building and the blocks of Brusselization. Understanding them not only as architectural devices but also as urban figures has helped untangling the history of urban gentrification in Brussels which constructed through time a division between the rich bureaucratic upper eastern city and the working class neighbourhoods in lower western Brussels, articulated by a touristic uninhabited historic city where the National Bank of Belgium sits.
More than anywhere else, Bd Berlaimont and the building of the NBB are examples of this urban transformation that has emptied from the residential life of this area of Brussels. In a process that anticipated Brusselization, the NBB made sure to erase a mixed block where housing and retail used to make a piece of the city to turn it into a monolithic impenetrable office block. This essential aspect of the site, together with the research make a project with three fundamental intentions:
- Create a public route able to establish another point of connection between upper and lower Brussels, increasing the porosity of the city and the permeability of an existing urban structure.
- Reprogram the block to revert the process of Brusselization and erode its monolithic nature through the introduction of residential and retail functions.
- Maximise the value of the land property which is currently owned by the NBB to launch a program of affordable housing capable of setting a starting point to revert the process of gentrification and land speculation that has historically threatened the process of urban transformation of the city.
These three points become the nexus between the conclusions of the research and the design decisions that followed the P2 and P3 examinations. Therefore the final design proposal is concerned with each of these aspects, from the scale of the building mass and how it is oriented towards the city, to the scale of a service staircase that tries to create a partition situation between two different programs embedded in the block.
Ultimately, the project envisions an urban transformation led by the National Bank of Belgium where the use of land property, the State of the Bank, is key to face land speculation and control housing prices. The unavoidable typology of Brussels, (impasse, arcade and corner building) builds a city within the ruin of the Palace of the National Bank of Belgium.
For its program, the bank has a public function and a reception hall, but mainly consist of office spaces and meeting rooms within a, with security line protected, area. The traditional program, like pressing and storing money, is already replaced to new buildings outside of the city center for better efficiency and land use. Next to that, the public and office program is losing its role due to digitalization. Organisational and programmatic changes are already made, but the architecture is still in its former state. Therefore, it is important to seek for new possibilities, and looking to the future role and image of the bank, whilst learning of the history of the Bank and its site.","brussels; office; bank; public building","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Interiors Buildings Cities","","50.848917, 4.359806"
"uuid:0c3cdc4e-4dad-4e25-982a-ab3c962d926c","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:0c3cdc4e-4dad-4e25-982a-ab3c962d926c","A Bank of Opportunities: A sheltering Bank for people","Soenen, Sophie (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Pimlott, Mark (mentor); Klooster, M.W. (graduation committee); Zeinstra, J.S. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","The ambition of the National Bank of Belgium's project was to make a National institution accessible to the public. By opening the bank, both ideologically and physically, the dynamic of the bank is radically modified. The confrontation between the Bank and the public provides opportunities to gather, learn and improve. The change is subtle from the outside but radically modifies the way the bank functions.
The creation of a series of spaces within the bank directed towards the different publics of the bank and brings the domestic sphere into the institution itself.
The Bank of Opportunities is a space fostering a new kind of Bank and community.
By understanding the existing building through the layers of the shell (as physical infrastructure with a lifespan of about 60 years) and sets (of furniture and partitions which are constantly replaced) the bank can be manipulated and re-used.
The careful clearance of the inner courtyard allows for an extension of the existing ‘shell’. A new framework, inserted within the courtyard, only revealing itself as chapters within the monumental facade.
The bank's excessive storage of outdated ‘sets’ become active elements in the spatial formation of the new bank. Providing an alternative narrative to the rapid regeneration of the office interior.","Office; Bank; Reuse; Transformation; Brussels","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Interiors Buildings Cities","","50.848917, 4.359806"
"uuid:e97873f2-8deb-49a4-852f-1df4482fc9e2","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:e97873f2-8deb-49a4-852f-1df4482fc9e2","Future Bank: a New Face in the City: allowing for unconventional permeable spaces within a vast urban block","Linde, Julia (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","De Vocht, S. (mentor); Mandias, S.S. (mentor); Klooster, M.W. (graduation committee); Pimlott, Mark (mentor); Pietsch, S. (mentor); Rosbottom, D.J. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","This year, the Interiors Buildings Cities graduation studio
has revolved around the topic of the Future Bank. The project addresses the transformation of the National Bank of Belgium set in Brussels, consisting of a vast triangular urban block of 90.000 m2. The bank, designed by Van Goethem just after the Second World War, is an imposing building with a 200 meter long columnar façade rising up from the adjacent boulevard.
As the city of Brussels has declared itself a doughnut economy, the city is moving away from traditional forms of economics. The city is no longer aiming for unending growth, but aiming for stability, equality and wellbeing. Therefore the bank needs to be reframed within it’s new economic and societal context. What image does the bank want to portray in the 21st century?
Here the project began with the grass route movements, counteracting the heavy façade by creating more intimate spaces within the colonnade. This translated into reframing the bank into several parts with a new end stretching out towards the city. This allowed for more intimate spaces to be created within the vast urban block, creating a new public and inviting face of the bank. A new face in the city.","brussels; theatre; bank; public; institute; city; face","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","2022-06-22","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Interiors Buildings Cities","","50.848917, 4.359806"
"uuid:023d1e1d-281e-433b-812a-f1f17971057a","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:023d1e1d-281e-433b-812a-f1f17971057a","Future National Bank of Belgium","LAI, YI-CHEN (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","De Vocht, S. (mentor); Klooster, M.W. (mentor); Mandias, S.S. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","The project is to transform Belgium National Bank into a working environment capable of accommodating diverse activities. Given its economic capacity and social responsibility, the bank also has a public attribute that allows it to accommodate specific public events.
propose to open part of the bank's space as a financial culture center, mainly an exhibition and library related to financial themes. Since the bank is located on the border of the upper and lower town of Brussels, the financial culture center also undertakes the task of connecting the site with an 8 meters height difference. So I created a new public landscape circulation through ramps and three staircases, inviting people to enter the bank to experience the newly inserted public facilities and the existing delicate bank building.
For the office space above the first floor, the existing atrium is very barren and unused. So I propose to put balconies with plants in the atrium to make them like hanging gardens. Employees can relax or chat on the balcony, providing an opportunity to relax from a busy work schedule.
The project proposes the future bank as an open, inviting public interior. It provides its users with diverse urban experiences, new skills, and knowledge, and is an easy place to access for work, relaxation, eating, and learning. Elevated gardens are created in the main bank hall, connecting the public programs and leading people up to the citizen terrace on the rooftop. For staff, they are encouraged to grow their own vegetables and flowers on the newly added balconies and to cook and eat with colleagues in the lounges.","Public interior; Garden; Climate atrium; Renovation; Brussels","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Interiors Buildings Cities","",""
"uuid:d1c6a558-ca79-43b4-afd4-e3d1639b7137","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:d1c6a558-ca79-43b4-afd4-e3d1639b7137","Architectural Transformation of Luxembourg City during the 1960s: Politico-economic influence on the architectural and urban development of Luxembourg and its representation as a European city","Goedert, Gina (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Stephan, H. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","During the 1950s and 1960s, Luxembourg underwent a major economic-political transformation that allowed the country to position itself as an internationally recognised financial hub and centre for European affairs. The degree of influence that this economic- political evolution of Luxembourg had on the architectural and urban development of Luxembourg City marks the focal point of this thesis. Two iconic projects realised during the 1960s serve as case studies: The Grande-Duchesse Charlotte Bridge that functioned as the cornerstone of the city's urban expansion, and the Alcide-de-Gasperi Tower, which represents Luxembourg's integration into European affairs. The architectural and urban transformation during the 60s in Luxembourg City, was mainly driven by the political integration into European affairs, aiming to fulfil the city’s role as European capital. Fuelled by the rivalry between the three European capitals Brussels, Luxembourg and Strasbourg, architecture served as a political national branding tool, resulting in international recognition and economic growth.
With its participation in the European Union, Luxembourg needed to create a strong image and international recognition, supported by its architectural infrastructure. Today, the European project is still incessantly growing, and Luxembourg as one of its capital cities is required to grow synchronously and adapt it’s image to contemporary ideologies. At the core of Luxembourgish politics remains the ambition to modernise the city's infrastructure in order to perpetuate its strong position within the European Union.","AR2A011; Brussels; Strasbourg; Pont Grande-Duchesse Charlotte; Urban Growth; European District; Kirchberg; Image; European Capital; Luxembourg; Alcide de Gasperi Tower; Court of Justice; Europe; Luxembourg City; Architecture; Urbanism","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011","49.611622,6.131935"
"uuid:8ae508b6-a702-449d-a7c8-87090267de37","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:8ae508b6-a702-449d-a7c8-87090267de37","On the (Non)Institutional Disclosure of Urban Commons: Evidence, Practices and Challenges From the Netherlands and Belgium","Calzati, S. (TU Delft Urban Data Science); Santos, Francisco; Casarola, Giulia","","2022","The 2008 economic crisis has opened the door to new strategies for managing urban resources. In fact, the interest in urban commons (UC) has (re)surfaced both within and outside academia. While literature accounting for existing experiences is growing; UC as a practice begs for further systematization concerning the needed negotiation between institutional recognition and informal self-organization. This is particularly true for temporary urbanism, a strategy for the social repurposing of temporarily unused buildings, whose precarious nature has been deemed to represent just a fixing to the neoliberal logic. In this regard, a non-institutional perspective can help shed light on citymaking as a composite practice in which both institutional and non-institutional actors not only coexist but presuppose each other. In this paper, we explore this issue by focusing on two non-profit organizations working in the Rotterdam and Brussels's housing market: Stad in de Maak and Communa. Through in-depth interviews with the founders and core members of these organizations, as well as with participants to their projects, we show how SidM and Communa operate as intermediaries in the housing sector, filling the gaps left by the market and public actors. Most importantly, our research questions the extent to which the enacting of commoning practices by these organizations can become a pillar of citymaking, configuring an iterative disclosure and (collective) reclosure of urban resources. Evidence shows that, while enacting temporary urbanism differently, both organizations strive for social cooperative ownership of spaces for consolidating their presence in the cities.","urban commons; temporary urbanism; non-institutional actors; social housing; real estate market; Rotterdam; Brussels","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Urban Data Science","","",""
"uuid:2a8fd727-d8ed-4a7f-b6e8-62a58c4f3efa","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:2a8fd727-d8ed-4a7f-b6e8-62a58c4f3efa","Between City and Palace: The Palais des Beaux-Arts","Ronner, E.I. (TU Delft Situated Architecture); Vermeulen, P.E.L.J.C. (TU Delft Situated Architecture); Hachez, Aurélie","","2022","","architecture; city; palace; brussels; museum; palais; beaux-arts","en","journal article","","","","","","Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.","","2023-07-01","","","Situated Architecture","","",""
"uuid:6703cba1-3146-4ed5-b3d5-2db95f8c2b65","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:6703cba1-3146-4ed5-b3d5-2db95f8c2b65","Wondrous darkness: mediating the real and the imaginative in rendering","Ronner, E.I. (TU Delft Situated Architecture)","","2022","","kanal; brussels; renderings; transformation; architecture","en","book chapter","Atelier KANAL","","","","","Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.","","2023-07-01","","","Situated Architecture","","",""
"uuid:966a09d4-d70b-4220-a72b-e4755ffbe7f6","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:966a09d4-d70b-4220-a72b-e4755ffbe7f6","Le Berlay-quoi?: Examining the architectural iconography of the Berlaymont in the context of the European identity-making process","Stoschek, Dominik (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Tanović, S. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","Since its creation in the 1950s, one of the European Union’s greatest aspiration has been the search for a common European identity as its slogan “United in diversity” euphemistically conveys. Officially adopted in May 2000, after it had been chosen by a media jury from more than 2000 proposals, the motto is one of many European symbols dedicated to disseminate this unifying message. Architecturally, this pursuit culminated already six decades ago in the de-facto capital of the EU, when in 1959, the Belgium capital, Brussels, not only became the administrative, but also the architectural focal point of Europe. After the completion of the European Economic Community Commission’s building (Berlaymont) in 1968, it developed into the first architectural manifestation of the then still young ECC laying the groundwork for one of the first symbols of the EU’s united diversity. When comparing the different numbers of Google search results on European government buildings, the term Berlaymont in Brussels delivers an approximate of one million results, while other representational buildings like 10 Downing Street in London or the Élysée Palace in Paris return 13 or even 38 million search results. Even the Federal Chancellery of Germany generates more than double the search results of the Berlaymont. Although this statistical footnote is probably not the most reliable instrument for measuring how the EU quarter is publicly perceived, it hints at the missing presence of the building in the conscience of European citizens. With this in mind, one can ask how the architecture of the European institutions in Brussels is actually perceived through the eyes of those who are the actual subject of the European Union’s ambition to unite: Its citizens. How does the architecture of the Berlaymont and the surrounding EU quarter contribute to the emergence of an European identity?","AR2A011; European identiy; Berlaymont; EU-quarter; Brussels; Architectural symbolism","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:398f8607-ea58-4a81-8e2a-4646fc69659d","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:398f8607-ea58-4a81-8e2a-4646fc69659d","A civic building as urban stage for public life and democracy: An investigation of the city of Brussels, the public realm and its citizens","Bröckel, Marion (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","De Vocht, S. (mentor); Rosbottom, D.J. (graduation committee); Parravicini, M. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","Research__Brussels as an urban stage of differences__Activism I Activation__Political Space My work is an investigation of the city of Brussels, of public space and its citizens. The results of the analysis of the city of Brussels show above all the diversity of the city. The city can be seen as a fragmented, heterogeneous and superimposed space of differences, complexity and problems, but also as an opportunity and place of appropriation. The city is therefore the subject of attention and observation. By using the method of making a section through the city, it can be seen that the east-west connection through the city brings together politically important institutions, cultural facilities and public spaces, but is separated by certain obstacles (boundary), such as streets, topography or the canal. These different demonstrations of power can be seen throughout the city; from the ornamental town hall on the Grand Place to the transparent monoliths of the European Quarter, these buildings are theatrical yet tired and seem to actively distance themselves from their citizens. However, it has become clear that public spaces in the city centre extend around the chosen site (pedestrian zone - ground floor). I would like to link these public spaces further and consolidate them as a place of expression for the citizens. Instead of taking public space, I would like to give the citizens space to participate in political and democratic events. It is clear in Brussels that the willingness of citizens to participate is high and that they articulate this. The possibility of gathering in public spaces reveals to citizens a sense of power through the crowd. There is an awareness of power within the amount of people.‘Like a Greek agora, the city must reassert its most ancient function as a place where people come together face-to-face.’ City: Rediscovering the Center by William H. Whyte (Author), Paco Underhill (Foreword); University of Pennsylvania Press; Reissue edition (September 22, 2009)But what is a political space and how does it express itself? Can we find this political space in everyday life? In my work I take the stairs as a political space. It is not so much the polarity of start and end that is recorded in this difference in level, but rather the tension between rise and fall, light and shadow, gravity and levitation, mind and body. The stairs are a primary motif of social interaction. A space that is constantly in motion due to the purpose of movement. This political space is especially intended to address the idea of being in between._Concept and Design__Site & ProgrammeThe location is in the city centre. In the past, it was also occupied by an architecture that was intended to serve the population. However, as a public institution: market, event location and parking garage. The starting point of the project is the new centre of the city administration, the so-called BRUCITY, where the Brussels city administration is centralised. It is a project under construction. I see the resulting building as a provocation to investigate the nature of civic architecture in relation to public space and democracy. I set myself the task of designing a building that occupies less public space and thus creates a place to meet and pause in front of the building. The building will be the workplace for civil servants and at the same time the interface between them and the citizens of the city. The above ground floors will serve as workplaces for different departments of the city administration. The underground floors will house the municipal archives and the Council Chamber. While the meetings are often closed to the general public, the Council will be visible to the citizens from the street. The building will be accessible from different directions, and will initially lead everyone through a public space. There you will have the possibility to get orientation, information and if necessary to register. A public staircase with different framed views of the city and into the building will guide the person or group of persons through the building. On the top floor, the citizens will be offered a room with different and individual possibilities of use, as well as for meetings and events. It leads to a belvedere and opens up a clear view over the city. The citizen stands on the roof and sees the own city surrounding oneself.The new urban configuration will be a place of connection between people, but also of political and cultural exchange. Not only can we make demands on democracy, we must allow ourselves to be demanded.","Brussels; City Hall; Democracy","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Interiors Buildings Cities","",""
"uuid:7b1ed7a4-363a-49be-aec8-56ef4b52fd49","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:7b1ed7a4-363a-49be-aec8-56ef4b52fd49","Measuring the brussels effect through access requests: Has the European General Data Protection Regulation Influenced the Data Protection Rights of Canadian Citizens?","Mahieu, René (Vrije Universiteit Brussel); Asghari, H. (TU Delft Organisation & Governance); Parsons, Christopher (University of Toronto); van Hoboken, Joris (Vrije Universiteit Brussel); Crete-Nishihata, Masashi (University of Toronto); Hilts, Andrew (University of Toronto); Anstis, Siena (University of Toronto)","","2021","We investigate empirically whether the introduction of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) improved compliance with data protection rights of people who are not formally protected under GDPR. By measuring compliance with the right of access for European Union (EU) and Canadian residents, we find that this is indeed the case. We argue this is likely caused by the Brussels Effect, a mechanism whereby policy diffuses primarily through market mechanisms. We suggest that a willingness to back up its rules with strong enforcement, as it did with the introduction of the GDPR, was the primary driver in allowing the EU to unilaterally affect companies' global behavior.","Brussels effect; Data protection; Enforcement; GDPR; Right of access to personal data","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Organisation & Governance","","",""
"uuid:ac2eebe5-90c3-402e-b643-7c70f076a734","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:ac2eebe5-90c3-402e-b643-7c70f076a734","The governance of live-work mix: Actors and instruments in Amsterdam and Brussels development projects","Uyttebrouck, Constance (Université de Liège); Remøy, H.T. (TU Delft Real Estate Management); Teller, Jacques (Université de Liège)","","2021","This paper addresses the governance of the ‘live-work mix’. This concept refers to the renewed intertwining of living and working activities in new housing and urban development in the context of welfare state restructuring, development of the knowledge economy and globalisation. Implementing live-work goals can be difficult because a consensus between public and private actors is usually needed to develop such projects. In this paper, we examine the actors and instruments that assist in the implementation of live-work goals in targeted areas. We survey live-work development by analysing three illustrative projects in Brussels and Amsterdam, cities with comparable strategies but distinct planning systems. Our results indicate that state support is essential to enhance live-work mix, especially because the market remains reluctant to mix functions and focuses primarily on housing development. Flexible and tailor-made instruments are used, sometimes co-authored by public and private actors, to reach consensus. These instruments illustrate variants of strategic planning. Despite a shared interest in attracting target groups to redevelopment areas, the consensus-building process is affected by discrepancies in the nature of live-work mix.","Amsterdam; Brussels; Collaborative planning; Governance; Planning instruments","en","journal article","","","","","","Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.","","2021-09-03","","","Real Estate Management","","",""
"uuid:714fb898-a3be-44bf-8861-dbf5f18a85c1","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:714fb898-a3be-44bf-8861-dbf5f18a85c1","Re-tracing the Senne: Making the invisible river in Brussels visible","Thijssen, Pebbles (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft Architecture)","Vermeulen, P.E.L.J.C. (mentor); Hachez, A.A.M. (graduation committee); Lafeber, J.W. (graduation committee); Reinders, L.G.A.J. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","Research about the covered river Senne in Brussels. This former river seems to be invisible, but this research shows that this former industrial river still lives in the city (within the architecture and the urban structure). What can a revitalization of this covered river mean? And how does architecture relate to this revitalized space?","Senne; Brussels; River; revitalisation; Architecture; Tracing; Fieldwork; Urban park","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Urbanism","The Senne Oasis",""
"uuid:3fd69592-711d-47ad-93d9-7bda79747e33","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:3fd69592-711d-47ad-93d9-7bda79747e33","City hall of Brussels","Yang, Lin (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft Architecture)","De Vocht, S. (mentor); Parravicini, M. (mentor); Rosbottom, D.J. (mentor); Pimlott, M. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","Brussels has a complex political background and social texture. The existing administrative centre does not meet the demands of 1700 employees anymore. The city centre is going to build a new city hall-the Brucity, and move 1700 staffs from the old administrate centre- Muntcentrum. While the Brucity is an enormous volume breaking the urban fabric. The planning of Brussels city centre indicates the government, as well as citizens, wish to have a more pedestrian-friendly urban space. The project will be part of the urban linking system, contributing to the goal of pedestrian-friendly and publicity in the city centre, and provide a better connection for open spaces. In the building scale, the representation of democracy in a political building is quite important. In the new city hall, the communication of politicians and public as well as activism groups will be promoted by a series of atria spaces. And the design is mainly about public engagement in different level, trying to achieve broadly engagement of the public in Brussels new city hall","city hall; Brussels; interior building cities","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","",""
"uuid:7e065ec9-ceab-4303-9f21-28c2bd814586","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:7e065ec9-ceab-4303-9f21-28c2bd814586","A City Hall in Brussels","Huang, Luna (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Pimlott, M. (mentor); Parravicini, M. (mentor); Rosbottom, D.J. (mentor); De Vocht, S. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","Brussels will build a new administrative building in the city centre, which will provide new residences for approximately 1,700 government employees. With the expansion of Brussels' urbanization, the decrease in air quality has gradually attracted people's attention. The project hopes to form an ecological corridor by planting oak trees in some areas of the city, combining with the existing urban green space, and providing a better living environment for animals and plants in the city. As a longevity tree, oak trees provide living space and food for a large number of animals. This is a future project. The project hopes to carry political space, social space and ecological space through a big tree. This is a story in which buildings and trees grow together in the passage of time. The project aims to not only increase the abundance of urban species, but also to declare that trees should not be an accessory to urban buildings, but should become the main body and be paid attention to and used by people.","City Hall; Brussels; Tree","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","",""
"uuid:3b2ce384-57d6-4484-83a1-97b3a9a1f03e","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:3b2ce384-57d6-4484-83a1-97b3a9a1f03e","City Hall Brussels","Stańczak, Magdalena (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","De Vocht, S. (mentor); Parravicini, M. (mentor); Rosbottom, D.J. (mentor); Pimlott, M. (mentor); Ploeger, H.D. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","According to the World Migration Report 2015, published by the International Organisation for Migration, 62% of the people of Brussels are foreign-born or of foreign descent. That makes Brussels the second most diverse city in the world. The heterogeneity of the city of Brussels can be witnessed on the different levels such as class, culture, income, voluntary and enforced migrations. This diversity defines the nature of the city and it is often a reason for the tensions between authorities and identities. The city of Brussels, one of 19 municipalities that together form the Brussel Hoofdstedelijk Gewest, sponsored a developer-led competition for a city administrative building. The winning proposal was taken by the studio as a provocation, the beginning of the discussion about the place where the citizens can contact administration and governance, a place which represents the citizens and their concerns, a political space.
A starting point of the idea for the graduation project was the complexity and the heterogeneity of the city of Brussels, demonstrated on its streets and the communal life. The main objective of the proposal was to create a building which contributes to the public realm of Brussels, to extend the existing public space instead of creating a new one, to connect the new building with an existing dynamic of the surroundings.
understand how a “human dimension” approach to
landscape architecture can become a tool to invent
spaces for our future cities and to design spaces of
inclusion.","Inclusive; Public space; Brussels; Multicultural; Landscape urbanism","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Landscape Architecture","","50.86420579999999, 4.348797500000046"
"uuid:e82ef737-7a71-4fa6-88ef-45ebcb2de913","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:e82ef737-7a71-4fa6-88ef-45ebcb2de913","Fostering Democracy: Through integration, self-organization and facilitation in public space.","Kuipers, Vera (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft Urbanism)","Read, S.A. (mentor); van den Burg, L.P.J. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2017","This graduation project focuses on the opportunities within democracy to overcome inequality on social, economic and political aspects. The opportunities will be focused on changes within public space. The research will start with an investigation of the starting point of the project. Then, the methodology used to come to the research results will explained. Thirdly, the evaluation of the research outcomes will be presented. This will be done through presenting the historic development of Brussels and an analysis of the democratic system in Brussels with its relation with public space. Lastly, conclusions & recommendations for the design will be constructed. These will be used as the startingpoint for part II of the graduation project, in the corresponding booklet.","democracy; brussels; integration; self-organization; expression; equality","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Complex Cities","Complex Cities","50.8549541,4.3053501"
"uuid:c2c41a15-2790-4bca-b4bf-bf46830480e1","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:c2c41a15-2790-4bca-b4bf-bf46830480e1","Cities (and regions) within a city: Subnational representations and the creation of European imaginaries in Brussels","Hein, C.M.","","2015","This article explores how sub-national institutions – representations from cities and regions – help create a European imaginary in Brussels. Political scientists and other scholars have noted the importance of these city and regional institutions, but have paid little attention to their physical form. Through a select set of case studies, this article analyses the vast impact that small-scale interventions in the use and re-imagination of select buildings occupied by the subnational institutions have on Brussels' urban form and function. Focusing on representations from German states, notably the city-states of Hamburg and Bremen, and including select other city and regional offices, the present article offers some first ideas of how the physical presence of these small entities transforms European Brussels. It asks how the selection, construction, reuse and restoration of buildings for the subnational institutions reshape the urban patterns of Brussels, how their architecture and external decoration contribute to the creation of a European narrative within the city, and how the institutional actors use Brussels' buildings in their print marketing and web presences constructing entangled European and regional identities.","subnational representations; capital of Europe; capital cities; Brussels; city and regional offices; European Union; OA-Fund TU Delft","en","journal article","Taylor & Francis","","","","","","","","Architecture and The Built Environment","Architecture","","","",""
"uuid:7594cf61-4961-4487-b16d-3ad08c790448","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:7594cf61-4961-4487-b16d-3ad08c790448","The Architectural Montage in Brussels","Knufman, R.M.","Oscar, O. (mentor); Schoonderbeek, M. (mentor); Jennen, P. (mentor)","2013","The research for the design project started after studying the context of the city Brussels. During our studio group work it became apparent that Brussels is a highly fragmented city on different levels. The main research took a direction to search for techniques and tools that I could use in order to design in such a fragmented context. I became fascinated with the movie montage, since it is a technique that deals with strong cuts within different scenes, but it also aims to keep the whole understandable to the viewer. Especially the ‘intellectual montage’ as described by Sergei Eisenstein at the beginning of the 20th century became a leading theme in the research. The project focused on how to translate insights on how to manipulate time as it is being done in movies into a spatial context that can be used in a design process. The design itself became a route through different time fragments in which the montage became the main tool in creating spatial interventions.","Eisenstein; Montage; Brussels; Time; Speed; Highway","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","2013-07-02","Architecture","Architecture","","Border Conditions","",""
"uuid:b9a721ba-9b8b-436f-8cc6-9ec5bde0f175","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:b9a721ba-9b8b-436f-8cc6-9ec5bde0f175","'European Debate' - A high rise proposal for the European Commission","Barendregt, J.","Merkeley, T. (mentor); Ronald, D. (mentor); Bergsma, A. (mentor)","2013","The question of dealing with public & private zoning, and especially that area where the two meet, is one of the fundamental questions in architecture. In this project, this area has an important role, both functional and metaphorical. The European Union knows a big gap between the people and the political power. The EU is democratic in theory, but in practice it seems very technocratic, with a very big distance between the people and the power. This gap also shows in the city of Brussels, where the European Quarter is like an island within the city center. Inhabitants of brussels do not visit the neighborhood, while the EU-workers do not leave the area. The decision to build a skyscraper as the new European Commission headquarters will only cause a bigger distance to the people. The skyscraper typology is based on efficient development, not on architectural quality. It's a typology that separates the interior from the urban context in a very rough way. Instead of creating larger barriers, the new EC building should instead be a connective element between the metaphorical people and power. To achieve this, the city is extended inside the building. A neighborhood-like urban structure is creating in the form of interior public space. Different themed zones of public functions are added to the building to create a mixture that will be both usefull for the EC-employees as for any other inhabitant or visitor of brussels. A vertical metro-system removes the barrier of going up into the building, by offering a capacity comparable to the urban metro running underneath the building, and makes the interior public space part of the city.","EU; Brussels; high rise; skyscraper; architecture; design; interior public","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","Architecture","Architecture","","Materialization - TALL VCE","",""
"uuid:bc8adde0-ebaf-4468-ba69-5907d49ab641","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:bc8adde0-ebaf-4468-ba69-5907d49ab641","BAR - Brussels Artist in Residence","Odijk, K.E.B.","Riedijk, M. (mentor); Plomp, H. (mentor); Deboutte, N. (mentor); Alkan, A. (mentor)","2012","An European collective Artist in residence in the heart of the European Capital, Brussels. Oppose to the European quarter the city of Brussels is in need of a counterweight to balance the city for once more. A new urban injection of European culture will transform the South midi station district into a vivacious public and touristic area. Several cultural function will complete a new urban square which is based on the ancient Greek Agora model. One of those cultural attractors will household the BAR , Brussels Artist in Residence. This collective art facility will be the place to capture, evolve, inspire and promote the European identity through its constant changing collection of art.","Artist in Residence Museum Brussel Public Building","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","2013-05-01","Architecture","Architecture","","Public Realm Brussel Studio","",""
"uuid:a90e64eb-7095-462c-89db-4e936ebff29c","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a90e64eb-7095-462c-89db-4e936ebff29c","Light plan - space for people: A public space strategy towards a 24 hour vitality and socio-spatial integrated inner city for Brussels","Villerius, W.A.","Van Nes, A. (mentor); Van der Spek, S.C. (mentor)","2012","This graduation project is a practical research on the way light can be used within the urban context to create vital environments during 24 hours of the day. The connection of the lighting design with the urban design is explored with the goal of integration and regeneration of a disconnected area in the inner city of Brussels.","public space; urban regeneration; public lighting; Brussels; 24/7 urban vitality; strategic planning","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","Architecture","Urbanism","","Complex Cities graduation lab","",""
"uuid:4e09b0bd-5309-461f-b40a-98febe1890bd","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:4e09b0bd-5309-461f-b40a-98febe1890bd","Debate Forum: A House for Social Issues for Brussels, the Capital City (Urban Intervention and Architectural Design Proposal)","Lee, W.K.","Riedijk, M. (mentor); Plomp, H. (mentor); Deboutte, N. (mentor); Alkan, A.S. (mentor)","2012","","urban renewal; public realm; capital city; Brussels; forum; hybrid","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","2013-02-19","Architecture","Architecture","","Public Realm","",""
"uuid:701d9b4f-5cc4-4722-a913-16af60fde166","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:701d9b4f-5cc4-4722-a913-16af60fde166","The House of Fairy Tales","Choi, Y.J.","Riedijk, M. (mentor); Deboutte, N. (mentor); Aklan, A.S. (mentor); Plomp, H. (mentor)","2011","The aims of this project is to achieve research-based-design-project in the name of addressed project theme; A house of European History. History of Brussels in relation to EU was revised to find out minimize negative impacts of previous urban development mainly known as a term 'Brusselization' to the local development of Brussels. Urban design was achieved based on the learning from history of Brussels. As for an symbolism of European Dream, history of Brussels was reinterpreted to architectural formative elements to generate spatial composition which convey architectural perceptions of fairy tales that achieved by an architectural design principle 'Design by narratives'.","history; fairy tale; Brussels; European","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","2012-07-18","Architecture","Architecture","","Public Realm / Brussels Studio","",""
"uuid:404ec1cb-79fb-42e0-95cb-c7872570e55a","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:404ec1cb-79fb-42e0-95cb-c7872570e55a","The European quarter, a future perspective. Spatial interventions from a stakeholder perspective in the European quarter in Brussels.","Reijnen, L.N.","De Jonge, H. (mentor); Vande Putte, H.J.M. (mentor); Nadin, V. (mentor); Zandbelt, D.D. (mentor)","2011","The arrival of the European Union in 1957 in Brussels has fundamentally changed the face of the city. The original early 20th century housing stock in the European quarter has almost totally been demolished and because of the absence of authoritative spatial plans or strategies, the district has been subjected to a continuous wave of speculative investment, housing destruction and office construction (Baeten, 2001:121). There are many parties who have an interest in the European quarter, having their own view on the district and its problems. There is a will to change the area but transformation of the neighbourhood is a delicate issue given the interests of all stakeholders, the current planning system and economical, cultural and societal forces. The urgence of the problem asks for spatial design interventions which will contribute to a solution of the problems of the stakeholders, while at the same time designing the process of implementation of these interventions. This thesis aims at delivering those interventions by looking at theory, analysing the situation, formulating a consistent vision and finally creating a development strategy. The proposed strategy for the development process, urban design and accommodation of the European Commission results in an integral approach to deal with the problems in the area. It combines a gradual transformation process which can change over time with a clear direction - the direction of a smart, sustainable and inclusive neighbourhood which provides an attractive place for residents and workers, offers efficient accommodation and contributes to showing the value of the European Union.","Brussels; European quarter; European Commission; development strategy; urban design; accommodation","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","Architecture","Real Estate & Housing and Urbanism","","","",""
"uuid:4eb98da0-fa95-4481-b971-f02dd56a3ec5","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:4eb98da0-fa95-4481-b971-f02dd56a3ec5","The Gates of Europe","Daemen, M.","Riedijk, M. (mentor); Deboutte, N. (mentor); Alkan, A. (mentor); Plomp, H. (mentor)","2011","The Gates of Europe is a proposal for the city of Brussels to balance out the differences in the city and to improve the representation of the presence of Europe in the city. One of the buildings, the Gate of Culture, is worked out into detail. It is a Centre for Performing Arts and functions on a regional and on a local scale. It contains a large music hall (4000 standing places), a theatre and dance hall (1000 seats) and a small stage (300 seats). Further, there are rehearsal studios for music, dance and theatre. The first levels are related to the metro- and the Euroline station. This last one is a raised monorail, running through the Gates of Europe.","Brussels; Europe; Centre for Performing Arts; monorail; station","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","2011-07-05","Architecture","Public Building","","Public Realm: studio Brussels","",""
"uuid:26652dc7-2b74-412f-9339-4082765eac27","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:26652dc7-2b74-412f-9339-4082765eac27","House of European History","Chen, Y.","Riedijk, M. (mentor); Deboutte, N. (mentor); Plomp, H. (mentor); Alkan, A.S. (mentor)","2011","","Brussels; theatre","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","2011-07-24","Architecture","Architecture","","","",""
"uuid:bd5ef397-3783-4fc3-a29d-3923b57f3836","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:bd5ef397-3783-4fc3-a29d-3923b57f3836","I solemnly pledge to public space - dualities in contemporary public space developments, applied in Brussels' European Quarter.","Daniel Swakman, L.","Lee, S. (mentor); Hermans, W. (mentor); Avermaete, T. (mentor); Van der Zaag, E. (mentor); Read, S. (mentor)","2011","The european quarter in Brussels has become a monofunctional office district since the rapid development of the European Union in the second half of the twentieth century. Uncontrolled office expansion has led to a district characterised by the monotony of glass closed office blocks, empty streets and large infrastructure. This project is a proposal to regard the public space in this area as an opportunity to make a statement as a european public space: an integrated part of the city, where urban liveliness and a diverse mix of functions are key points. In order to achive this, a threefold strategy is laid out, as the above diagram shows. The current stituation is one of flatness - both in function or use as in morphology and typology. Firstly the area will become centered around two redesigned axes, where a pedestrian-friendly space is proposed. Then ,on these axes new centralities are developed. This allows for an urban experience of diversity, from node to node. Thirdly, by concentrating along these points, deconcentration can emerge in the inbetween spaces. This allows for recapturing of residential functions, in order to allow for a rich mix of functions and uses.","public space; brussels; european; urban strategy; square; triangulation; polycentral network","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","Architecture","Architecture + Urbanism (dual graduation)","","Explorelab dual graduation","",""
"uuid:adb14bb6-d967-4a3b-ae4a-24b713a5ace0","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:adb14bb6-d967-4a3b-ae4a-24b713a5ace0","Studio Public Realm - Brussels Mundaneum: 'The Archive of the Death and Living'","Voorn, A.H.","Riedijk, M. (mentor); Deboutte, N. (mentor); Plomp, H. (mentor); Geers, K. (mentor)","2010","'The Archive of the Death and Living' This project for the Brussels Mundameum deals with the idea of gathering all the world's knowledge and classify it within one building. The building should be considered an Artefact within the city of Brussels and act as an cultural generator for the area of the Brussels Canal. Situated in the former harbour of Brussels, the design metaphorically representing a necklace that is composed out of a courtyard building, which function consist of the two archives, and six institutions of intellectual creativity.","Brussel; Mundaneum; Riedijk","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","Architecture","Public Realm","","Brussels Mundaneum","",""
"uuid:9504c10e-03f7-4b2d-840c-6fb56784508e","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:9504c10e-03f7-4b2d-840c-6fb56784508e","Tychy - dreams and reality: A short story of the second Polish socialists’ city","Koziol, M.K.","Riedijk, M.R. (mentor)","2009","The project is based on a research of the topic of Mundaneum in the city of Brussel.","Brussel; mundaneum","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","Architecture","Public Building","","","",""
"uuid:92601a8c-80f8-4973-b176-1cca116c055c","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:92601a8c-80f8-4973-b176-1cca116c055c","From poor tenants to resident landlords: De facto social housing homeownership in Brussels","Charles, J.","","2006","Workshop 2. Session A Abstract. Numerous studies have analysed how household structure, position on the labour market and educational factors influence choices of housing tenure. They have shown that the probability of becoming homeowners is higher for married individuals, those in secure employment or those with a higher educational level. In our contribution, we analyse how, despite this general model, people with low socio-economic profiles became homeowners in Brussels, especially during the eighties. With only 8% of housing stock in public ownership, most low-income households in Brussels have to find accommodation in the private rental sector, mostly in low-price neighbourhoods. Hence, the private rental sector largely operates as de facto social housing. But in these neighbourhoods, homeownership is another part of de facto social housing. Our analysis shows that some low status households become homeowners in a particular way: they buy a small depreciated house consisting of two or three apartments, use one of them for themselves and let the others out. This strategy offers them a source of finance for their purchase. We show that at least 50% of homeowners in the poorest neighbourhoods are such resident landlords. This is especially the case for migrant households of Turkish or Moroccan origin. Thus, in Brussels inner-city neighbourhoods, a significant proportion of landlords have socio-economic and ethnic profiles similar to those households looking for an apartment to rent. This portion of the housing market offers low-income households an alternative to the mainstream private rental market in which social and/or ethnic discrimination is frequent.","poor neighbourhoods, home ownership, landlordism, Brussels","en","conference paper","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:14141c58-f137-47de-afcd-0c257b936da6","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:14141c58-f137-47de-afcd-0c257b936da6","Towards undivided cities in Western Europe: New challenges for urban policy: Part 4 Brussels","De Winter, M.; Musterd, S.","","1998","Ministry of Housing, Spatial Planning and the Environment The city of the Hague The Netherlands Graduate School of Housing and Urban Research NETHUR Delft University of Technology, OTB Research Institute for Housing, Urban and Mobility Studies University of Amsterdam Amsterdam, Study Centre for the Metropolitan Environment","undivided cities; Western Europe; Brussels","en","book","Delft University Press","","","","","","","","OTB Research Institute for the Built Environment","","","","",""