Model predictive control and protection of MMC-based MTDC power systems

Meshed offshore grids (MOGs) present a viable option for a reliable bulk power transmission topology. The station-level control of MOGs requires faster dynamics along with multiple objective functions, which is realized by the model predictive control (MPC). This paper provides control, and protection design for the Modular Multilevel...

A Wideband Digital-Intensive Current-Mode Transmitter Line-Up

A current-mode direct-digital RF modulator (DDRM)-based transmitter (TX) architecture is proposed in this article for energy-efficient wireless applications. To demonstrate its key principles, a 2×13 bit demonstrator is implemented in a 40-nm CMOS technology. This DDRM can operate standalone or as a driver for a common-gate (CG)/common-base ...

Adapting CBM to optimize the Sum of Costs

In the Multi-Agent Pathfinding with Matching (MAPFM) problem, agents from a team are matched with and routed towards one of their team's goals without colliding with other agents. The sum of path costs of all agents is minimized. In prior works, Conflict Based Min-Cost-Flow (CBM) has been proposed. This algorithm solves a similar problem that...

Technical performance of different DC CB technologies for future HVDC Grids

Multiterminal dc (MTDC) network is preferred due to its reliability, security of supply and flexibility. However, MTDC network also comes with the protection challenges resulting from dc faults. Hence, the dc circuit breaker (DC CB) is imperative in such a network. In these recent years, several DC CB technologies have been proposed and...

Insert Cargo Associated Metaphor Here: Mobilising Urban Businesses in a Cleaner, Smarter Way

Inner cities increasingly suffer from congestion and pollution. Besides being a nuisance, these traffic jams cost society an enormous sum of money annually (est. €3 billion in 2015). Still many businesses use unwieldy commercial vans in tiny, crowded city streets. <br/><br/>Urban Arrow (UA) offers slender alternatives in the form of high quality...

A Quantitative Comparison of Aggregate Trip-based, Disaggregate Tour-based, and Disaggregate Activity-based Travel Production Models

Activity-based modelling (ABM) is the latest development in travel demand modelling practice. Different from different conventional approaches (which concern mathematical relationships between personal characteristics and travel behaviour), ABM explicitly take into consideration the reasons behind an individual’s travel behaviour. Anno 2015, ABM...

A simplified, qualitative strategy for the assessment of occupational risks and selection of solutions: Control Banding

The main objective of this thesis is determining whether the simplified, qualitative risk assessment models and solutions initiatives of Control Banding (CB) can be integrated within the multidisciplinary requirements of occupational risk management. This was achieving practical primary prevention that assists non-experts in obtaining the...

Evaluating the Control Banding Nanotool: A qualitative risk assessment method for controlling nanoparticle exposures

Control banding (CB) strategies offer simplified processes for controlling worker exposures in the absence of firm toxicological and exposure information. The nanotechnology industry is an excellent candidate for applying such strategies with overwhelming uncertainties of work-related health risks posed by nanomaterials. A recent survey shows...

Explicit and semi-implicit characteristic based split (CBS) schemes for viscoelastic flow calculations

A fully explicit characteristic based split (CBS) based artificial compressibility (AC) method and a semi-implicit CBS scheme, for viscoelastic flow over a circular cylinder placed in a rectangular channel are presented in this paper. In the explicit form the pressure equation is solved explicitly by introducing an artificial compressibility...

Entraining Flow of a Concentrated Benthic Suspension: Computations with the Prandtl Mixing-Length Model

The Prandtl mixing-length model of turbulent exchange of mass and momentum is applied to calculate the entrainment of overlying water into a layer of suspended fine sediment at a horizontal bed. In the field the flow and turbulence in such a concentrated benthic suspension (CBS) are driven by a streamwise pressure gradient resulting from the...

Laminarisation in Flows of Concentrated Benthic Suspensions: Computations with a Low-Re Mixing-Length Model

In quiescent water bodies that form part of estuarine or coastal water systems, such as harbours and access channels, fine sediments may deposit to form concentrated benthic suspensions (CBS). The flow velocities in these mud layers may become low, and the viscosities may become large, so that the Reynolds number decreases below a critical value...