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On Understanding Environmental Inefficiencies in Air Traffic Management: A Causal Inference ApproachAalders, Jaime (author)Addressing the increasingly urgent need for sustainable aviation solutions, this study explores operational innovations as a quicker and more scalable addition to novel zero-emission propulsion systems. Through the use of regression-based causal inference methods, this study aims to understand the relationship between flight fuelburn...master thesis 2024
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Kapoor, T. (author), Wang, H. (author), Nunez, Alfredo (author), Dollevoet, R.P.B.J. (author)This paper proposes a novel framework for simulating the dynamics of beams on elastic foundations. Specifically, partial differential equations modeling Euler–Bernoulli and Timoshenko beams on the Winkler foundation are simulated using a causal physics-informed neural network (PINN) coupled with transfer learning. Conventional PINNs encounter...journal article 2024
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Waaijer, Marijn (author), van Neerven, J.M.A.M. (author)In this article, we present a detailed analysis of two famous delayed choice experiments: Wheeler’s classic gedanken-experiment and the delayed quantum eraser. Our analysis shows that the outcomes of both experiments can be fully explained on the basis of the information collected during the experiments using textbook quantum mechanics only....journal article 2024
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Wagenaar, Britt (author)The Netherlands is experiencing a significant increase in its aging population. Multi morbidity and a rapidly growing shortage of healthcare personnel are putting pressure on the healthcare system, leading to capacity issues. The capacity problems of care have medical, safety, social, and economic consequences. Policy measures are needed to...master thesis 2023
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Borges Carioca Moreno Rodrigues, Inês (author)Tacrolimus is an immunosuppressive drug given to kidney transplant patients. A low concentration of this drug can lead to kidney rejection, but to our knowledge no research has been done to causally connect the two. This paper investigates the causal effect of tacrolimus concentration on kidney rejection occurrence using predictive analysis and...master thesis 2023
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Breman, Carlotta (author)With finance entering the real economy, new kinds of markets have emerged, such as futures markets, in which special contracts – called futures – are exchanged. From the early 2000s, futures on commodities have become popular among financial instruments, and we talk about "financialization of commodity markets". The uniqueness of commodity...master thesis 2023
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van Arkel, Suzan (author)Rising food commodity prices pose a severe threat to vulnerable populations globally. While market fundamentals contribute to this increase, excessive speculation by financial investors is believed to play a significant role. This study aims to examine the relationship between financial speculation and agricultural commodity prices between 2000...master thesis 2023
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Tjong, Jonathan (author)For causal inference, sufficient overlap is needed. It is possible to use propensity scores with the positivity assumption to ensure overlap is present. However, positivity is not enough to properly identify the region of overlap. For this, propensity scores need to be used in combination with density estimation. This project aims to evaluate...bachelor thesis 2023
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Vincenti, Jort (author)To validate the results of a medical trial, there must be an overlap between the treatment and control groups. This implies the crucial need for good evaluation methods. This study, therefore, aimed to evaluate the overlap between causal classes using the Nearest Neighbours’ methods. Firstly, a case study was built around the common failures of...bachelor thesis 2023
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Angelini, Marianna (author)Resilience has become an increasingly popular concept, particularly in the context of climate change and its impact on the environment and cities. Its history and meaning are multifaceted, with various definitions across different disciplines, geocultural contexts, and historical periods. What is the etymology of resilience? How was it used...student report 2023
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Difrancesco, S. (author), van Baardewijk, J.U. (author), Cornelissen, A.S. (author), Varon, Carolina (author), Hendriks, R.C. (author), Bouwer, A.M. (author)Wearable sensors offer new opportunities for the early detection and identification of toxic chemicals in situations where medical evaluation is not immediately possible. We previously found that continuously recorded physiology in guinea pigs can be used for early detection of exposure to an opioid (fentanyl) or a nerve agent (VX), as well as...journal article 2023
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Buijsman, S.N.R. (author)Machine learning is used more and more in scientific contexts, from the recent breakthroughs with AlphaFold2 in protein fold prediction to the use of ML in parametrization for large climate/astronomy models. Yet it is unclear whether we can obtain scientific explanations from such models. I argue that when machine learning is used to conduct...journal article 2023
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Ale, B.J.M. (author), Slater, David H. (author)As today's engineering systems have become increasingly sophisticated, assessing the efficacy of their safety-critical systems has become much more challenging. The more classical methods of “failure” analysis by decomposition into components related by logic trees, such as fault and event trees, root cause analysis, and failure mode and...journal article 2023
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Tao, Y. (author), van Ham, M. (author), Petrović, A. (author), Ta, Na (author)Research on the experienced utility of commuting time is dominated by an individualistic view of choice concerning the trade-offs between long commutes and job- or housing-related benefits. The widely discussed phenomenon of the commuting paradox shows that individuals systematically report worse subjective wellbeing as commuting time...journal article 2023
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Oosterwegel, Max J. (author), Krijthe, J.H. (author), den Brok, Melina G.H.E. (author), van den Heuvel, Lieneke (author), Richard, Edo (author), Heskes, Tom (author), Bloem, Bastiaan R. (author), Evers, Luc J.W. (author)Background: Currently available treatment options for Parkinson's disease are symptomatic and do not alter the course of the disease. Recent studies have raised the possibility that cardiovascular risk management may slow the progression of the disease. Objectives: We estimated the effect of baseline cardiovascular risk factors on the...journal article 2023
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Breman, Carlotta (author), Storm, S.T.H. (author)Sharp increases in systemically important crude oil prices have been a major cause of the recent surge in the inflation rate in the U.S. This paper investigates the extent to which the increase in oil prices can be attributed to excessive speculation in the oil futures market. Our analysis suggests that excessive speculation in the crude oil...journal article 2023
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Groot Beumer, Morris (author)Recent advancements in causal inference and machine learning research have brought forward methods to estimate effects of interventions from observational data. The augmented inverse probability weighted (AIPW) estimator is such a method, which can be used to obtain estimates of potential outcomes. Potential outcomes are defined as a...master thesis 2022
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Grauss, Antonie (author)To operate in open world environments a symbolic Artificial Intelligence (AI) to be able to adapt and incorporate new objects and relations in its Knowledge Base (KB). Symbolic AI use the objects and relations in their KB to navigate the world and create plans. These KB are filled with knowledge in advance, so they can not add new knowledge when...master thesis 2022
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Biswas, Shreyan (author)Explaining the behaviour of Artificial Intelligence models has become a necessity. Their opaqueness and fragility are not tolerable in high-stakes domains especially. <br/>Although considerable progress is being made in the field of Explainable Artificial Intelligence, scholars have demonstrated limits and flaws of existing approaches:...master thesis 2022
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Hooper, Rory (author)Despite their best intentions, policy interventions often fail to adequately address the challenges they were designed to tackle. Disparities in scope, taxonomy and performance perspectives employed by different policy studies, make it difficult to obtain a system perspective of the policy effects of a certain domain. Additionally, a...master thesis 2022