Cost Allocation in Integrated Community Energy Systems

With the growing concerns over energy depletion and environmental protection all over the world, more and more attention is being paid to energy transition towards renewable energy sources (RESs), energy efficiency improvement, and CO$_2$ emission reduction. Integrated community energy systems (ICESs) emerge in the development of local energy...

Cost allocation in integrated community energy systems — Performance assessment

Integrated community energy systems (ICESs) are a modern development of local energy systems by integrating distributed energy resources and local communities. Cost allocation is one of the key issues affecting the success of ICESs. Costs should be allocated to those who cause them, and benefits to those who make the investments. A well-designed...

Optimal Cost Prediction in the Vehicle Routing Problem Through Supervised Learning

Machine learning techniques aim to train a model in such a way that it can approximate complex dynamics like the vehicle routing problem. In the recent years, combinatorial neural networks and deep learning methods have been used to predict the solution of routing problems. However, the approaches investigated so far in literature could be...

Effort and Cost in Software Engineering: A Comparison of Two Industrial Data Sets

Context: The research literature on software development projects usually assumes that effort is a good proxy for cost. Practice, however, suggests that there are circumstances in which costs and effort should be distinguished. Objectives: We determine similar-ities and differences between size, effort, cost, duration, and num-ber of defects of...