Non-Unit DC Line Protection Method for Multi-Terminal MMC-HVDC System Based on Normalized Backward Traveling Waves

Existing line protection methods for multi-terminal direct current (MTDC) systems are constrained by the placement and values of boundary elements. To overcome this limitation, this paper proposes a non-unit DC line protection method based on the normalized backward traveling waves (BTWs) of the 1-mode voltage. Firstly, this article studies...

Coordinative performance of HVDC circuit breakers in MTDC grids

The objective of this paper is to investigate the coordinative performance of different types of high voltage DC (HVDC) circuit breakers (CBs) in multi-terminal DC (MTDC) grids. Several different HVDC CB technologies are emerging as a solution for the protection of offshore MTDC grids. There is a need for coordinative operation between different...