Affordability through design: the role of building costs in collaborative housing

Against the background of the current housing affordability crisis, a new wave of ‘collaborative housing’ (CH) is developing in many European cities. In this paper, CH refers to housing projects where residents choose to share certain spaces and are involved in the design phase. While many authors point to the alleged economic benefits of...

Optimizing landfill aeration strategy with a 3-D multiphase model

In order to reduce the environmental and financial burden for future generations, approaches are needed to shorten aftercare of landfills. Aeration of the waste-body is a promising approach, however, the poor understanding of transport of gas and water through a waste-body makes it difficult to design an effective aeration strategy. The aim of...

A critical review of flood risk management and the selection of suitable measures

Modern-day flood management has evolved into a variety of flood management alternatives. The selection of appropriate flood measures is crucial under a variety of flood management practices, approaches, and assessment criteria. Many leading countries appraise the significance of risk-based flood management, but the fixed return period is still...

Designing cycle-attractiveness

This study responds to cities in the world focussing more and more on implementing a bicycle infrastructure. The bicycle infrastructure is often envisioned to make the city more attractive for the people (again), however a lot of the criteria to design for the bicycle infrastructure are left vague and (too) open for interpretation as ...

A sustainable, productive house for the lower income groups of Santa Cruz de la Sierra in Bolivia

The main topic of my thesis is social sustainable housing in Santa Cruz de la Sierra in Bolivia. The thesis covers Architecture as well as Building technology specialisations. The Architectural focus of the project is community based developed, social, sustainable housing. With Building technology, a research into materials is done to ensure the...

Van verloren ruimte naar gevonden plek!!: Een ontwerpinstrument voor openbare ruimte

Het onderzoek is gestart om grip te krijgen op openbare ruimtes die niet goed functioneren. Het zijn ruimtes die gezien kunnen worden als zwarte gaten in en om de stad, waar bijna geen mensen gebruik van maken, maar wat soms wel waardevolle plekken kunnen zijn. Deze laag van informele ruimtes maken geen overtuigend deel uit van de formele...

Worst case gust shapes for atmospheric turbulence with known spectrum

A worst case gust shape has been derived for turbulence or gust patches, assuming only that the average spectrum of such patches is known. The maximum value of the response can be calculated quite easily. The result differs from the PSD-method. Some examples of worst case inputs and outputs are given, also for nonlinear systems.

The deterministic power-spectral-density-method for linear systems

The Deterministic Power-Spectral-Density-method has been derived directly from the continuous P.S.D.-method. It can be regarded as a "translation" from the frequency domain to the space or time domain. The critical gust profile, giving maximum response, is obtained directly. The D.P.S.D.-method gives the same results as the continuous P.S.D.-...

Definition of P.S.D.-design loads for nonlinear aircraft

The Power Spectral Density (P.S.D.)-method is used to define design loads due to atmospheric turbulence. The design loads are calculated using linear transfer functions. These methods can not be used if the equations describing the behaviour of the aircraft are nonlinear. One method to define design loads for a nonlinear aircraft is by means of...

Predesign for flow visualizer. Project: Flow Graphics, Work package: Visualizer for 3D flow-calculation results

The results of calculations of two- and three-dimensional flows on blocked grid domains consist of vast data collections with a simple, regular structure. The inspection of these results can only be done efficiently by graphical means, and by exploiting the regular structure of the data. There is a large similarity between the format of the...

Standardized environmental fatigue sequence for the evaluation of composite components in combat aircraft (ENSTAFF = ENvironmental FalSTAFF)

Fatigue life assessment of composite structures in fighter aircraft necessitates testing with both mechanical and environmental loading at both coupon and structural element size levels. Testing facilities to run such tests are now available but environmental fatigue testing is expensive and time consuming. An environmental fatigue loading...

How to generate equal probability design load conditions

This report gives an outline of the method to generate equal probility design load conditions. The various steps are described.

An introductory course on aircraft loading

The present course book has been prepared as lecture notes for a summer course given at the Technical University of Bandung (ITB) in the summer of 1984. This course took place within the framework of the TTA-79 Technical Assistance Project as agreed between the Governments of Indonesia and the Netherlands. The subjects of the course are listed...

Review and comparison of discrete and continuous gust methods for the determination of airplane design loads

Historical reviews of the discrete gust and the continious gust concept, in relation to the present requirements, are given in this report. A comparison is made between the discrete gust method and the power spectral density method on the basis of simple airplane models. No direct relation between the two methods exists. The main cause of the...

Operating conditions and materials selection and development in gas turbines

This paper consists of two parts. In the first part, concerning operational conditions in gas turbines, the following topics are covered: - the magnitude of temperatures, temperature profiles, and stresses in various components - transient temperature conditions, occuring as a result of e.g. throttle setting changes and affecting thermal fatigue...

Behavior of Air Bubble Screens

Bubble screens have long been used for a variety of purposes, ranging from control of stratification, density currents, oil spills, shoaling, icing and wave heights, to inducing artificial mixing for augmenting convective heat and mass transfer rates, aeration and water quality control. In spite of such potential, bubble screen applications have...

An evaluation of the mission analysis concept for the definition of gust design loads

The mission analysis concept for defining design loads is assessed and compared with the current design procedure based on Design Envelope Concepts. Although the Mission Analysis Concept permits design loads of equal probability of exceedance to be obtained for all components, this does not imply that a fixed failure probability for the aircraft...