Preliminary sizing methodologies for regional aircraft with liquid hydrogen fuel and SOFC-GT-Battery hybrid-electric powertrains

Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) systems for aviation applications have been considered for their use as APUs or powertrains, as standalone systems or in combination with gas turbines, and both fueled by reformed Jet-A or by hydrogen. Most existing studies focus on powertrain performance modelling. In this work, traditional tube-and-wing regional...

Employing Liquid Hydrogen for Fuel Cell Heat Recovery in Aircraft

This work describes the benefits of exploiting cold hydrogen in a 2 MW liquid hydrogen-electric powertrain. Hydrogen is stored in a liquid state in the aircraft at its boiling point of 20 K (at 1 bar). Fuel cells require an input temperature of at least zero degrees Celsius to operate. The heating process can either be done by drawing current...

An Analysis of the Transition to Liquid Hydrogen Infrastructure for Airports

Within this thesis report the transition to LH2 infrastructure at the airport is tackled. Specifically, how the airport can develop and adopt the infrastructure needed for LH2 supply logistics, storage, and refueling is researched. This process can be defined as a socio-technical transition in which a new niche technology (LH2 aviation...

Architecture study for in-orbit long term cryogenic storage

The space community is currently focusing on defining system architectures able to perform multiple interplanetary missions to support deep space exploration. In particular, placing orbital propellant depots in strategic locations in space would allow to increase the useful payload mass at launch. Despite all the efforts that are being invested...

Optimisation-based system designs for deep offshore wind farms including power to gas technologies

A large deployment of energy storage solutions will be required by the stochastic and non-controllable nature of most renewable energy sources when planning for higher penetration of renewable electricity into the energy mix. Various solutions have been suggested for dealing with medium- and long-term energy storage. Hydrogen and ammonia are...

Fuel Tank Integration for Hydrogen Airliners

Zero-carbon-dioxide-emitting hydrogen-powered aircraft have, in recent decades, come back on the stage as promising protagonists in the fight against global warming. Nevertheless, most recent studies agree that hydrogen aircraft would underperform their kerosene counterparts in terms of operative empty mass and specific energy consumption. The...

Converting the LNG-Peakshaver to be fit for processing LH2: An LH2 import terminal

To reach the goals of the European Green Deal (CO2 emission reduction of 55% by 2030 and climate neutral by 2050), North-Western Europe has to import sustainable energy as locally produced renewable energy will not be sufficient to meet the total demand. This will be realised by importing green hydrogen from areas with a surplus of renewable...

Integration of a Liquid Hydrogen Fuel Tank into the Concept of the Flying-V

The amount of emissions produced by aviation resulting from the use of kerosene is raising concerns. Therefore, a main point of developments and research in the aviation sector is regarding the reduction of its climate impact. The climate impact of aviation can be reduced by making use of alternative fuels, such as liquid hydrogen. A suitable...

Mass optimisation of cryogenic fluid systems for long-duration space missions

After the space race to the Moon, Mars has been chosen the new destination to be explored by mankind. Cryogenic propellant is necessary to make space beyond the Moon accessible. Boil-off of cryogenic liquids raises the initial mass of spacecraft by increasing the amount of propellant required to carry-on. Therefore, mitigation of boil-off is key...

Energy transition in aviation: the role of cryogenic fuels

Aviation is the backbone of our modern society. In 2019, around 4.5 billion passengers travelled through the air. However, at the same time, aviation was also responsible for around 5% of anthropogenic causes of global warming. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the aviation sector in the short term is clearly very high, but the long-term...

Development and application of a Multidisciplinary Design Optimisation sizing platform for the conceptual design of hypersonic long-range transport aircraft

With the global increase in passenger traffic and growing popularity of long-haul routes over the Asia Pacific region and Atlantic Ocean, the possibility for hypersonic transport could become an attractive option to reduce flight time over long distance from 16-20 hours down to around 4-5 hours. In this thesis, a Multi-Disciplinary Optimisation...

Batteryboat: An effective solution to store and transport solar energy

Climate change, depletion of fossil fuels, and economic concerns are among the main drivers of sustainable energy transition. The Netherlands has drawn up ambitious goals in the energy transition. However, numerous studies have shown that there is a lack of space in the Netherlands to adapt to a 100% green economy. To solve this dilemma it is...