Fully Integrated SAW-Less Discrete-Time Superheterodyne Receiver

There are nowadays strong business and technical demands to integrate radio- frequency (RF) receivers (RX) into a complete system-on-chip (SoC) realized in scaled digital processes technology. As a consequence, the RF circuitry has to function well in face of reduced power supply ( V DD ) while the CMOS device threshold voltage ( V th ) stays...

All-Digital I/Q RF-DAC

Due to the severe cost pressure of consumer electronics, a migration to an advanced nanoscale CMOS processes, which is primarily developed for fast and low-power digital circuits operating at low supply voltages, is necessary, but it forces wireless RF transceivers to exploit more and more digital circuitry. These basic CMOS properties tend to...

High-pressure sulfidation of hydrotreating catalysts: Genesis and properties of the active phase

The global petroleum demand is projected to increase in the next decennia as oil is expected to remain the primary source of energy around the globe contributing to approximately 40% of the total consumption. The production of high-quality fuels from crude oil involves physical separation steps but also catalytic processes to remove contaminants...

Hydrogen interactions with silicon-on-insulator materials

The booming of microelectronics in recent decades has been made possible by the excellent properties of the Si/SiO2 interface in oxide on silicon systems.. This semiconductor/insulator combination has proven to be of great value for the semiconductor industry. It has made it possible to continuously increase the number of transistors per chip...