Kramer, O.J.I. (author), de Moel, P.J. (author), Padding, J.T. (author), Baars, Eric T. (author), Rutten, Sam B. (author), Elarbab, Awad H.E. (author), Hooft, Jos F.M. (author), Boek, Edo S. (author), van der Hoek, J.P. (author) Fluid flow through a bed of solid particles is an important process that occurs in full-scale water treatment operations. The Carman–Kozeny model remains highly popular for estimating the resistance across the bed. It is common practice to use particle shape factors in fixed bed state to match the predicted drag coefficient with experimentally...
journal article 2021
