"uuid","repository link","title","author","contributor","publication year","abstract","subject topic","language","publication type","publisher","isbn","issn","patent","patent status","bibliographic note","access restriction","embargo date","faculty","department","research group","programme","project","coordinates"
"uuid:35663783-562d-4a7e-82d9-3d0d66123c8a","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:35663783-562d-4a7e-82d9-3d0d66123c8a","How Trees Shape Urban Spaces: Multiplicity and Differentiation of the Urban Forest Viewed from a Visual-Spatial Perspective","de Wit, S.I. (TU Delft Landscape Architecture); van der Velde, J.R.T. (TU Delft Landscape Architecture)","","2024","Background: The field of urban forestry encompasses many dimensions, of which that of visual-spatial perception, addressing the spatial relationship between city and trees, has received little attention. Analyzing the urban forest from a visual-spatial perspective is needed to understand relationships between different components as well as site-specific qualities. Methods: Tree configurations describe the relationship between form and space, determined by the relative disposition of the trees which result from an interaction between design and the development over time. Based on field observations, with the city of Delft in the Netherlands as a case study, 35 generic tree configuration types have been defined. With this “vocabulary,” specific tree configurations and their relations are researched, describing the urban forest from an eyelevel perspective as an essential level on which the spatiality of the urban forest can be understood. Results: Unraveling the urban forest components by comparing two emblematic ensembles of tree configurations allows an understanding of their heterogeneity as well as their coherence and dynamics. Conclusions: The relationship of the tree vocabulary with the specific location exposes their role as an ordering structure and a carrier of the identity of Delft, and their differentiation and site-specific qualities, revealing a composition of wooded areas each with their own characteristics, shows both urban and forested areas as equivalent components of an urban forest mosaic. This differentiation can be used as a tool for strengthening relations between the different components as well as diversity and heterogeneity in urban forests.","site specificity; tree configurations; Tree architecture; tree vocabulary; visual-spatial characteristics","en","journal article","","","","","","Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.","","2024-07-01","","","Landscape Architecture","","",""
"uuid:10589431-fb03-40dd-94a3-0f85d7741a09","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:10589431-fb03-40dd-94a3-0f85d7741a09","Spatial Parameters for Circular Construction Hubs: Location Criteria for a Circular Built Environment","Tsui, T.P.Y. (TU Delft Environmental & Climate Design); Furlan, C. (TU Delft Environmental Technology and Design; University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Vienna; Universiteit Antwerpen); Wandl, Alex (TU Delft Environmental Technology and Design); van Timmeren, A. (TU Delft Environmental Technology and Design)","","2024","Implementing a circular economy in cities has been proposed by policy makers as a potential solution for achieving sustainability in the construction sector. One strategy that has gained interest by both policy makers and companies is to develop “circular construction hubs”: locations that collect, store, and redistribute waste as secondary resources. However, there is limited literature taking a spatially explicit view, identifying the spatial parameters that could affect the locations of hubs both for now and in the future. This study therefore aims to categorize different types of circular hubs for the construction industry, collect spatial parameters required for finding suitable locations for each type of circular hub, and translate the spatial parameters into a list of data and spatial analysis methods that could be used to identify potential future locations. The study used the Netherlands as a case study, extracting spatial parameters from two sources: Dutch governmental policy documents on circular economy and spatial development and interviews with companies operating circular hubs. Four types of circular construction hubs were identified: urban mining hubs, industry hubs, local material banks, and craft centers. The spatial parameters were extracted for each type of hub from four perspectives: resources (such as material type, business model), accessibility (such as mode and scale of transportation), land use (such as plot size, land use), and socio-economic (such as labor availability). The parameters were then translated into a list of spatial data and analysis methods required to identify future locations of circular construction hubs.","Circular cities; Circular construction hub; GIS; Territorializing circular economy; Urban mining; Site selection analysis","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Environmental & Climate Design","","",""
"uuid:d3c956ea-3ee9-4cf1-9ef3-01d9111180fa","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:d3c956ea-3ee9-4cf1-9ef3-01d9111180fa","Social life cycle assessment of a desalination and resource recovery plant on a remote island: Analysis of generic and site-specific perspectives","Tsalidis, G.A. (TU Delft BT/Biotechnology and Society; Brunel University); Xevgenos, Dimitris (TU Delft Energie and Industrie); Ktori, R. (TU Delft Technology, Policy and Management); Krishnan, Adithya; Posada Duque, J.A. (TU Delft BT/Biotechnology and Society)","","2023","The sustainable supply of water is crucial, especially on islands where water is scarce. Our study applied the social life cycle assessment (S-LCA), under the organizational approach, to assess industrial water production on the island of Lampedusa, Italy. A novel plant for industrial water production considering a circular concept was compared with the existing linear production plant based on reverse osmosis. An online survey, brief literature review and generic analysis were conducted to prioritize impact subcategories selection for site-specific analysis that regarded six organizations in the system boundaries. These subcategories were Local employment, Access to material resources, Promoting social responsibility, End-of-life responsibility, Health and safety (Workers), and Public commitment to sustainability issues. The social performance of organizations involved was assessed based on equal weighting and weighting with cost values. The generic analysis showed that wastewater treatment in Italy is underdeveloped, and water scarcity can become a serious problem in the future. The site-specific analysis based on equal weighting showed that the novel water plant results in improving social performance for all considered impact subcategories by 88 % to 91 % due to co-production when compared with the existing plant. Even increasing impacts allocation to industrial water production social benefits are still expected due to co-production. The type of weighting based on cost values showed that two organizations are the main contributors to the social performance of the novel system, and improving their corporate conduct can result in improving impacts up to 25 %, such as Public commitment to sustainability issues. To conclude, the novel plan does provide social benefits but mainly due to co-production, thus, it should be investigated more how to apply the S-LCA to linear production systems as they become more circular.","Circular economy; Industrial water; Lampedusa; Reference scale approach; Site-specific S-LCA; Type I","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","Technology, Policy and Management","","BT/Biotechnology and Society","","",""
"uuid:e60f8926-a584-4337-896f-50319ccb4d7d","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:e60f8926-a584-4337-896f-50319ccb4d7d","Promoting the Application of Off-Site Construction in China’s Residential Building Industry from the Angle of Ecosystem","Xie, Fangyun (Party School of the Chongqing Committee); Fu, Xinyue (Student TU Delft); Huang, R. (TU Delft Design & Construction Management)","","2023","Off-site construction (OSC) is an innovative construction method. However, OSC is not widely applied in residential buildings due to many barriers. Therefore, this paper aims to unravel this puzzle and interpret the slow development of OSC. The paper develops a new analytical lens based on the ecosystem concept. By deconstructing some ecosystem concepts, the paper conceptualizes China’s residential building industry ecosystem (RBI-ECO) and proposes three hypotheses. The results show that the current structure of RBI-ECO does not support OSC development. Firstly, the performance of different types of enterprises is imbalanced. Secondly, there is a lack of cooperation between enterprises except for daily communication of projects. Moral risks, competition, and a fragmented supply chain are the primary causes. These barriers in RBI-ECO limit the implementation of OSC. In order to promote the application of OSC, the government can implement mandatory policies and concrete measures, establish a designer-led mechanism, motivate enterprises to transform into comprehensive enterprises, and enhance learning and education for OSC enterprise managers.","off-site construction (OSC); residential building industry ecosystem (RBI-ECO); survey; semi-structured interview; recommendations","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Design & Construction Management","","",""
"uuid:00c05443-126a-4040-a080-81b4e6205780","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:00c05443-126a-4040-a080-81b4e6205780","Cloud manufacturing for industrialized construction: Opportunities and challenges for a new manufacturing model","Čustović, I. (TU Delft Design & Construction Management); Cao, Jianpeng (ETH Zürich); Hall, Daniel M. (TU Delft Design & Construction Management; ETH Zürich)","","2023","More widespread use of industrialized construction (IC) is hampered by the high capital cost of advanced production facilities paired with low profit margins. A novel service-oriented cloud manufacturing (CMfg) model could in theory increase utilization and profitability of distributed production facilities. However, little research has investigated how IC can benefit from the CMfg model. This paper examines opportunities and challenges of applying CMfg for IC. First, an adapted model of CMfg for construction is developed based on a literature review. Second, four possible scenarios for applying this adapted CMfg model are designed. Finally, an evaluation is performed through a survey among 25 practitioners and 12 in-depth interviews with industry experts. The paper assesses the desirability and categorizes the benefits and barriers of such a CMfg platform for IC. The results suggest that CMfg could enhance the design quality, support IC suitability assessment for project developers and lower financial risks for off-site manufacturers.","Cloud manufacturing; Industrialized construction; Off-site construction; AEC; Industry 4.0","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Design & Construction Management","","",""
"uuid:b9abfba2-4d57-4693-820e-74efb83412b2","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:b9abfba2-4d57-4693-820e-74efb83412b2","Periodic random fields to perform site response and liquefaction susceptibility analysis","Gonzalez Acosta, J.L. (TU Delft Geo-engineering); Varkey, D. (TU Delft Geo-engineering); van den Eijnden, A.P. (TU Delft Geo-engineering); Hicks, M.A. (TU Delft Geo-engineering)","Zdravkovic, Lidija (editor); Kontoe, Stavroula (editor); Taborda, David (editor); Tsiampousi, Aikaterini (editor)","2023","Free-field site response analysis is a standard technique used to predict soil deposit dynamic response and liquefaction susceptibility. Such analyses are typically carried out by implementing periodic boundaries to guarantee the same speed of the dynamic waves travelling across them. However, when using random fields to consider the impact of soil spatial variability there is the possibility of an inconsistency with periodic boundaries. This is due to the generation of non-identical properties at the lateral boundaries on using traditional random fields. To overcome this inconsistency, this paper proposes periodic random fields to model spatial variability by matching the periodicity at the boundaries. To investigate the significance of using the proposed approach, a heterogeneous soil deposit subjected to earthquake loading is analysed using the random finite element method. The results show that, for certain values of the horizontal scale of fluctuation, ensuring consistency at the lateral boundaries could result in less conservative predictions of the extent of the liquefied areas.","Periodic Random Fields; Site Response Analysis; Liquefaction; Tied Degrees","en","conference paper","International Society for Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering","","","","","","","","","","Geo-engineering","","",""
"uuid:67b75619-4798-4e1d-8403-00893ac7338e","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:67b75619-4798-4e1d-8403-00893ac7338e","A Hidden Water-Harvesting System: The Sassi de Matera","Bobbink, I. (TU Delft Landscape Architecture); Gao, W. (Student TU Delft); Banfi, I. (Mecanoo Architecten)","","2023","The water-harvesting system of the ancient Sassi di Matera, in the Basilicata region of southern Italy, represents a clever way of living with water in an arid climate. The terrain, with its soft rocks (Calcarenite di Gravina), provided the foundation for the water-harvesting system that shaped the cave dwellings of Sassi physically, socially and culturally. People caught, guided and stored water in private and public spaces, mostly underground, ensuring its availability for all. In 1993 UNESCO declared the cave village a World Heritage Site. Unfortunately, the water-harvesting system of Sassi di Matera is no longer functioning. Its historic ingenuity is not as visible as the system deserves and its cultural and social values are almost forgotten. Using layered visual analysis – the illustrative method – knowledge can be collected and communicated in drawings to get insight regarding more resilient, circular, and people-related approaches (Bobbink, Chourairi and Di Nicola 2022). This article and the included drawings focus on the water system’s value, from which we can learn today.","illustrative method; water-harvesting; Sassi di Matera; World Heritage Sites","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Landscape Architecture","","",""
"uuid:fab11154-7bf3-4a9f-b50d-722ed9e83187","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:fab11154-7bf3-4a9f-b50d-722ed9e83187","The contribution of deeper layers in slow sand filters to pathogens removal","Trikannad, S.A. (TU Delft Sanitary Engineering); van Halem, D. (TU Delft Sanitary Engineering); Foppen, J.W.A. (TU Delft Water Resources); van der Hoek, J.P. (TU Delft Sanitary Engineering; Waternet)","","2023","Slow Sand Filtration is popular in drinking water treatment for the removal of a wide range of contaminants (e.g., particles, organic matter, and microorganisms). The Schmutzdecke in slow sand filters (SSFs) is known to be essential for pathogen removal, however, this layer is also responsible for increased head loss. Since the role of deeper layers in bacteria and virus removal is poorly understood, this research investigated the removal of E.coli WR1 and PhiX 174 at different depths of a full-scale SSF. Filter material from top (0–5 cm), middle (5–20 cm) and deep (20–35 cm) layers of an established filter was used in an innovative experimental set-up to differentiate physical-chemical and biological removal processes. In the analysis, we distinguished between removal by biological activity, biofilm and just sand. In addition, we modelled processes by a one-side kinetic model. The different layers contributed substantially to overall log removal of E.coli WR1 (1.4–1.7 log10) and PhiX 174 (0.4–0.6 log10). For E.coli WR1, biological activity caused major removal, followed by removal within biofilm and sand, whereas, removal of PhiX 174 mainly occurred within sand, followed by biofilm and biological activity. Narrow pore radii in the top layer obtained by micro-computed tomography scanner suggested enhanced retention of bacteria due to constrained transport. The retention rates of E.coli WR1 and PhiX 174 in top layer were four and five times higher than deeper layers, respectively (kret 1.09 min−1 vs 0.26 min−1 for E.coli WR1 and kret 0.32 min−1 vs of 0.06 min−1 for PhiX 174). While this higher rate was restricted to the Schmutzdecke alone (top 5 cm), the deeper layers extend to around 1 m in full-scale filters. Therefore, the contribution of deeper layers of established SSFs to the overall log removal of bacteria and viruses is much more substantial than the Schmutzdecke.","Mature biofilm; One-site kinetic model; Pathogen removal; Schmutzdecke; Slow sand filters","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Sanitary Engineering","","",""
"uuid:99a7fed7-cacc-4b2d-8f95-5af83ebe5e0d","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:99a7fed7-cacc-4b2d-8f95-5af83ebe5e0d","Predicting subsurface classification in 2D from cone penetration test data","Varkey, D. (TU Delft Geo-engineering); Hicks, M.A. (TU Delft Geo-engineering); van den Eijnden, A.P. (TU Delft Geo-engineering)","","2023","Uncertainty is inevitable in the characterisation of a geotechnical site, especially due to the inherently heterogeneous nature of the ground. In this paper, a method for characterising a subsurface with limited cone penetration test (CPT) data is proposed. The method is based on integrating predictions of CPT parameters with a probabilistic approach for subsoil classification at the CPTs. The predicted stratigraphy is able to capture the spatial variability of soil measured via CPTs and takes account of the uncertainties that arise from transforming CPT measurements into soil units as well as errors in the measurements themselves. The applicability of the proposed method is demonstrated for a site in the Netherlands. The results show that the proposed approach can identify the most likely classification in the domain with good accuracy. Furthermore, the significance of considering the uncertainties in predicting the most likely classification is illustrated via finite element stability analyses of a slope cut-out in the domain.","Cone penetration tests; Kriging; Site characterisation; Stratigraphic uncertainty; Subsurface heterogeneity","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Geo-engineering","","",""
"uuid:dad860bf-a180-47c9-a24e-285cc3d4a9c0","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:dad860bf-a180-47c9-a24e-285cc3d4a9c0","Guest-induced structural deformation in Cu-based metal-organic framework upon hydrocarbon adsorption","Luna-Triguero, Azahara (Eindhoven University of Technology); Andres Garcia, E. (TU Delft ChemE/Catalysis Engineering; Universidad de Valencia (ICMol)); Leo LLorente, P. (TU Delft ChemE/Catalysis Engineering; Universidad Rey Juan Carlos); Rook, W. (TU Delft ChemE/O&O groep); Kapteijn, F. (TU Delft ChemE/Catalysis Engineering)","","2023","In a world where capture and separation processes represent above 10% of global energy consumption, novel porous materials, such as Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) used in adsorption-based processes are a promising alternative to dethrone the high-energy-demanding distillation. Shape and size tailor-made pores in combination with Lewis acidic sites can enhance the adsorbate-adsorbent interactions. Understanding the underlying mechanisms of adsorption is essential to designing and optimizing capture and separation processes. Herein, we analyze the adsorption behaviour of light hydrocarbons (methane, ethane, ethylene, propane, and propylene) in two synthesized copper-based MOFs, Cu-MOF-74 and URJC-1. The experimental and computational adsorption curves reveal a limited effect of the exposed metal centers on the olefins. The lower interaction Cu-olefin is also reflected in the calculated enthalpy of adsorption and binding geometries. Moreover, the diamond-shaped pores' deformation upon external stimuli is first reported in URJC-1. This phenomenon is highlighted as the key to understanding the adsorbent's responsive mechanisms and potential in future industrial applications.","Adsorption; Flexibility; Hydrocarbons; Open metal sites; Separation","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","ChemE/Catalysis Engineering","","",""
"uuid:ed2e0e61-0709-4f3e-ba4d-18a1777060fb","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:ed2e0e61-0709-4f3e-ba4d-18a1777060fb","Eroding Terrains: Developing Computational Design Tools for Interactive Site Erosion","Melsom, James (University of Technology Sydney); Hurkxkens, Ilmar (TU Delft Landscape Architecture)","","2023","Landscape erosion processes can be problematic and are universal in their effect on all forms of landscape contexts and conditions. Hydrological erosion processes are important features of ecologies, yet are often extremely problematic, and can be exacerbated by climate extremes, weather events, animal and human activities, and especially transformations through agricultural processes. This research documents and proposes computational design tools and methods for erosion simulation in realworld scenarios. While there are many examples of soil erosion modelling in the life sciences and engineering fields, they are rarely applied at the detailed scale of the landscape-, architecture-and design disciplines. The work attempts to leverage erosion processes for design by creating new workflows inside familiar design and modelling programs. Applications may vary between agricultural land and areas of accelerated climate change, however, the test case for this application is in a fire-affected landscape particularly prone to erosion. This research seeks to unite site investigation and survey techniques with interactive erosion modelling within AEC design software. By introducing intuitive ways to model erosion processes mitigation becomes possible within the landscape analysis and design process, creating opportunities to avoid erosion before it occurs.","erosion simulation; iterative terrains; Site surveying; site/office hybrid techniques","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Landscape Architecture","","",""
"uuid:53d24007-0376-496e-91fa-363aaf6d2c4b","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:53d24007-0376-496e-91fa-363aaf6d2c4b","Improving CRISPR-Cas9 mediated genome integration in interspecific hybrid yeasts","Bennis, N.X. (TU Delft BT/Industriele Microbiologie); Kostanjsek, M. (TU Delft BT/Industriele Microbiologie); van den Broek, M.A. (TU Delft BT/Industriele Microbiologie); Daran, J.G. (TU Delft BT/Industriele Microbiologie)","","2023","Saccharomyces pastorianus is not a classical taxon, it is an interspecific hybrid resulting from the cross of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Saccharomyces eubayanus. Exhibiting heterosis for phenotypic traits such as wort α-oligosaccharide consumption and fermentation at low temperature, it has been domesticated to become the main workhorse of the brewing industry. Although CRISPR-Cas9 has been shown to be functional in S. pastorianus, repair of CRISPR-induced double strand breaks is unpredictable and preferentially uses the homoeologous chromosome as template, preventing targeted introduction of the desired repair construct. Here, we demonstrate that lager hybrids can be edited with near 100% efficiency at carefully selected landing sites on the chimeric SeScCHRIII. The landing sites were systematically selected and evaluated for (i) absence of loss of heterozygosity upon CRISPR-editing, (ii) efficiency of the gRNA, and (iii) absence of effect on strain physiology. Successful examples of highly efficient single and double gene integration illustrated that genome editing can be applied in interspecies hybrids, paving the way to a new impulse to lager yeast strain development.","Allo-aneuploid; CRISPR-Cas9; Genome modifications; Landing sites; Loss of heterozygosity; Saccharomyces pastorianus","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","BT/Industriele Microbiologie","","",""
"uuid:85b096c0-ec82-43c6-ad54-8f76867a4fdf","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:85b096c0-ec82-43c6-ad54-8f76867a4fdf","Addition of heparin binding sites strongly increases the bone forming capabilities of BMP9 in vivo","Siverino, Claudia (Universitätsklinikum Würzburg); Fahmy-Garcia, Shorouk (Erasmus MC); Niklaus, Viktoria (Universitätsklinikum Würzburg); Kops, Nicole (Erasmus MC); Dolcini, Laura (Fin-Ceramica Faenza); Misciagna, Massimiliano Maraglino (Fin-Ceramica Faenza); Ridwan, Yanto (Erasmus MC); Farrell, Eric (Erasmus MC); van Osch, G.J.V.M. (TU Delft Biomaterials & Tissue Biomechanics; Erasmus MC); Nickel, Joachim (Universitätsklinikum Würzburg; Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research)","","2023","Bone Morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) like BMP2 and BMP7 have shown great potential in the treatment of severe bone defects. In recent in vitro studies, BMP9 revealed the highest osteogenic potential compared to other BMPs, possibly due to its unique signaling pathways that differs from other osteogenic BMPs. However, in vivo the bone forming capacity of BMP9-adsorbed scaffolds is not superior to BMP2 or BMP7. In silico analysis of the BMP9 protein sequence revealed that BMP9, in contrast to other osteogenic BMPs such as BMP2, completely lacks so-called heparin binding motifs that enable extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions which in general might be essential for the BMPs' osteogenic function. Therefore, we genetically engineered a new BMP9 variant by adding BMP2-derived heparin binding motifs to the N-terminal segment of BMP9′s mature part. The resulting protein (BMP9 HB) showed higher heparin binding affinity than BMP2, similar osteogenic activity in vitro and comparable binding affinities to BMPR-II and ALK1 compared to BMP9. However, remarkable differences were observed when BMP9 HB was adsorbed to collagen scaffolds and implanted subcutaneously in the dorsum of rats, showing a consistent and significant increase in bone volume and density compared to BMP2 and BMP9. Even at 10-fold lower BMP9 HB doses bone tissue formation was observed. This innovative approach of significantly enhancing the osteogenic properties of BMP9 simply by addition of ECM binding motifs, could constitute a valuable replacement to the commonly used BMPs. The possibility to use lower protein doses demonstrates BMP9 HB's high translational potential.","Bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP9); Bone regeneration; Heparin binding sites; Subcutaneous animal model","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Biomaterials & Tissue Biomechanics","","",""
"uuid:ed196832-5bb2-4e06-893d-114f4301eb5f","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:ed196832-5bb2-4e06-893d-114f4301eb5f","Capital and operational expenditures of different operating room air-handling installations with conventional or ultra-clean air supply systems","Lans, J.L.A. (TU Delft Environmental & Climate Design; Reinier de Graaf Gasthuis); Mathijssen, N. M.C. (Reinier de Graaf Gasthuis); Traversari, A. A.L. (TNO); Jacobs, I. M. (Sweegers en de Bruijn); van den Dobbelsteen, J.J. (TU Delft Medical Instruments & Bio-Inspired Technology); van der Elst, M. (TU Delft Support Biomechanical Engineering; Reinier de Graaf Gasthuis); Luscuere, P (TU Delft Environmental & Climate Design)","","2023","When making a decision on the operating room air handling installation and type of air supply system, it is relevant to know the expenditures of the different air handling installations and air supply systems. The aim of this study was to determine the capital and operational expenditures of air handling installations equipped with an ultra-clean or with a conventional system. To compare the technical requirements of Dutch air handling installations with European standards and guidelines, and evaluate the costs of surgical site infections in comparison with the capital expenditures. This study fills a gap in knowledge, detailed technical information and costs of air handling installations and air supply systems from multiple completed projects of 24 hospitals were collected, analyzed and compared. Per OR capital expenditures increase by €62,491 to €139,018 when an air handling installation with an ultra-clean system is compared to a conventional system, which is 3%–7% of the total construction costs of a completely new OR department. The yearly increase in operational expenditures per OR with an ultra-clean system compared to a conventional system was €673 to €1,896. The capital and operational expenditures of air handling installations with an ultra-clean system are higher than those with a conventional system. The technical specifications of the ORs studied in the Netherlands correspond to European standards and guidelines. When the impact on patient suffering and costs associated with surgical site infections are weighed against the investment required for an air handling installation with an ultra-clean system, it is worth considering.","Air handling installation; Capital expenditures; Operating room; Operational expenditures; Surgical site infection","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Environmental & Climate Design","","",""
"uuid:619023fa-7019-4cc3-bec3-42b1debc4af1","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:619023fa-7019-4cc3-bec3-42b1debc4af1","Metal containing nanoclusters in zeolites","Li, G. (TU Delft ChemE/Inorganic Systems Engineering; Wageningen University & Research); Pidko, E.A. (TU Delft ChemE/Inorganic Systems Engineering)","","2023","The molecular-sized void space of the zeolitic micropores is perfect matrices to encapsulate and stabilize multicomponent and multifunctional complexes that can be used as active sites for a wide range of important catalytic transformations. In this article, we discuss and analyze the key developments of the last decade in the catalytic chemistry of metal-containing nanoclusters confined in zeolite micropores. We will present a concise summary of the recent developments in the tailored synthesis strategies, the advanced in-situ and operando characterization techniques, the enhanced performances of zeolite stabilized nanoclusters in various catalytic processes, and the application of computational modeling approaches for addressing the puzzle of catalyst-reactivity relationships. The article will be concluded with a brief discussion on the perspective for future developments anticipated for this field.","Active site dynamics; Catalysis; Computational modeling; Coordination chemistry; Encapsulation; Nanoclusters; Operando modeling; Operando spectroscopy; Reaction mechanism; Single-atom catalysis; Transition metals; Zeolite catalysis; Zeolites","en","book chapter","Elsevier","","","","","Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.","","2023-07-01","","","ChemE/Inorganic Systems Engineering","","",""
"uuid:2af85b15-9208-47bc-851d-9313d65cefcb","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:2af85b15-9208-47bc-851d-9313d65cefcb","Reliability updating for slope stability: Improving dike safety assessments using performance information","van der Krogt, M.G. (TU Delft Hydraulic Structures and Flood Risk)","Kok, M. (promotor); Schweckendiek, T. (copromotor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","Dikes are crucial for the protection against floods. One of the ways in which dikes can fail is by the instability of the inner slope. Credible probabilities of failure for slope stability are essential for the safety assessment of existing dikes and the design of dike reinforcements. This dissertation focuses on improving failure probability estimates for slope stability by using observed behaviour and performance of dikes. Examples of performance information are survived loads such as flood water levels or proof loads, and measurements during such loading conditions.
The research uses Bayesian analysis to account for one or more performance observations or measurements in estimating failure probabilities. Using multiple case studies, this research identifies the observations and success factors leading to significantly lower failure probabilities. Furthermore, Bayesian decision analysis was used to consider the cost-effectiveness (Value of Information) of performance information, to determine which strategy of dike reinforcement and/or uncertainty reduction leads to the lowest overall cost to comply with a given safety level.
It is found that incorporating multiple data of the behaviour and performance of dikes improves estimates of the failure probability for slope stability, leading to better safety
assessments and more efficient design of dike reinforcements. The cases considered in this dissertation suggest that savings of several million euros per kilometre dike reinforcement are possible (10-35% compared to the current dike reinforcement costs), for the Dutch situation with typically relatively high cost of dike reinforcements compared to the costs and risks of obtaining performance information. The use of performance information therefore contributes to improving the efficiency of managing flood risk in the Netherlands, and in particular the dike reinforcements in the Dutch Flood Protection Programme.","dikes; levees; slope stability; Bayesian reliability updating; performance information; site-specific transformation models; transformation uncertainty; proof loading; Bayesian decision analysis","en","doctoral thesis","","978-94-6366-531-5","","","","","","","","","Hydraulic Structures and Flood Risk","","",""
"uuid:5b51be97-aca7-4935-836a-be9b75f819df","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:5b51be97-aca7-4935-836a-be9b75f819df","Ring of fire as a novel approach to study cycling aerodynamics","Spoelstra, A.M.C.M.G. (TU Delft Aerodynamics)","Scarano, F. (promotor); Sciacchitano, A. (copromotor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","The research presented in this thesis introduces a new measurement concept for on-site aerodynamic measurements based on large-scale stereoscopic particle image velocimetry (stereo-PIV) measurements past an athlete, a vehicle or an object travelling through a quiescent environment. The analysis of the momentumdeficit past the transit poses the basis to estimate the aerodynamic drag. For such an approach, where the object crosses the illuminated measurement plane, the experimental method is referred with the name
“Ring of Fire” (RoF).
The first part of this work presents the development and assessment of the Ring of Fire concept through the study of cycling aerodynamics. A feasibility study is performed in which two RoF experimentswith a cyclist are conducted, indoor and outdoor,mimicking respectively track and road cycling. During these experiments attention is placed on the effects of the environmental conditions and the confinement of the measurement region. Furthermore, the experiments cover different postures of the cyclist (time trial and upright) with the aimto directly measure the effect of posture on aerodynamic drag and its detectability with the RoF. Despite differences between the two experiments in the cyclist geometry, bike geometry, and the cycling speed, the flow fields in the near wake of the riders compare well between both experiments and to literature. In terms of drag estimation, a clear distinction in upright vs. time trial drag area is found for both experiments, with the upright posture yielding higher drag area by about 20-35% with respect to the time trial posture. The comparison of these drag values with literature data, however, could not yield a conclusive assessment, given the large dispersion (approx. 50%) of the literature data due to many varying parameters, like rider posture, bikes geometries and testing conditions. Furthermore, the uncertainty of the measured drag and its dependency upon experimental conditions and the image processing parameters have not yet been addressed. Knowledge of the minimum detectable drag variation is relevant when measurements are intended to perform aerodynamic optimisation, therefore, a sensitivity analysis is conducted that assesses how the estimated drag is affected by the choice of PIV image processing parameters. The size of the cross-section considered in the control volume formulation is also investigated. It is found that the accuracy of the estimated drag depends on the procedure used to detect the edge of the momentum deficit region in the wake. Moreover imposing mass conservation yields the most accurate drag measurements. The drag estimation has little dependence upon the spatial
resolution of themeasurement as long as the interrogation window size stays within 5% to 25% of the equivalent diameter of the object cross section. In addition, the drag values obtained with the RoF are compared against the drag estimates from simultaneously acquired power meter data. To assess the agreement between the two approaches in different regimes, drag variations are introduced by different cyclist postures, as well as varying garments. Regardless of the underlying input parameters in the power meter model, both small- and large scale deltas are well captured by both the Ring of Fire technique and the power meter approach. The uncertainty on the average drag measurements
from the RoF is within 5%.
The second part of this work implements the findings and conclusions from part 1mand presents two applications in speed sports studied with the Ring of Fire. Firstly, themeffect of drafting in cycling is investigated. More precisely, the amount of drag reduction experienced by a trailing cyclists in a tandem formation is investigated at different lateral and longitudinal separations. The longitudinal displacement of the drafters varied between 0.32 m and 0.85 m and the lateral displacement varied between +/- 0.20 m among different runs. The results show that the amount of drag reduction for the trailing rider is mainly caused by the change in inflow conditions and that its aerodynamic advantage decreases with increasing lateral and longitudinal separation between riders, where the lateral distance is found to produce a more rapid effect. Based on these results a model is introduced that predicts the aerodynamic gain of the trailing rider based on his or her position with respect to the leading rider. Validation of the model with data from literature shows that in the near wake the model prediction is in line with literature, with an overestimation of the drag reduction when the longitudinal distance is between 0.1 m and 0.3 m. Secondly, the applicability of the RoF to speed skating is demonstrated. An aerodynamic assessment is presented of two elite skaters, each in two different skating configurations at the ice-rink Thialf in Heerenveen, the Netherlands. Both skaters transit 20 times through the RoF, 10 in each skating configurations. Athlete A skates with two hands on the back and with one arm on the back and one loose. Athlete B skates with both arms loose for all the runs, but was varying his knee and trunk angles. All tests were performed at a nominal speed of 11 m/s. Firstly, the wake velocity fields of skater A, with two hands on the back, are presented throughout five different phases of the skate stroke. Significant variations in the distribution of the velocity deficit downstream of the athlete are observed, which suggest corresponding variations in the skater’s aerodynamic drag. Secondly, average streamwise velocity and vorticity field for all 4 different postures are presented and compared. Finally, the results show that the difference in drag between two arms loose and one arm loose was found to be not statistically significant. Conversely, the optimization of the trunk and knee angles results in a reduction by 7.5% of the skater’s drag.","PIV; Helium filled soap bubbles; Sports aerodynamics; Cycling aerodynamics; On-site drag evaluation","en","doctoral thesis","","978-94-6366-467-7","","","","","","","","","Aerodynamics","","",""
"uuid:31a8a4d3-652f-464d-bda5-d9b5de2e9be2","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:31a8a4d3-652f-464d-bda5-d9b5de2e9be2","Platform Development of BIM-Based Fire Safety Management System Considering the Construction Site","Yang, Yapin (Hunan University); Sun, Ying (Concordia University); Chen, Mingsi (Hunan University); Zhou, Yuekuan (The Hong Kong Polytechnic University; The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology); Wang, Ran (Hunan University); Liu, Zhengxuan (TU Delft Design & Construction Management; Hunan University)","","2022","Fire at a construction site usually results in serious accidents. Therefore, fire management at the construction site is critical to decreasing possible accidents. However, conventional fire safety management can be problematic in many aspects, such as visualization, multi-stage alarm systems, and dynamic escape route optimization. To solve these issues, this paper develops a platform for a BIM-based fire safety management system that considers the construction site. The developed platform contains four subsystems: a remote monitoring subsystem, a fire visualization subsystem, a multi-stage fire alarm subsystem, and an escape route optimization subsystem. It detects the fire hazard in the early stage of the fire by the remote monitoring subsystem and transmits this information to the fire visualization subsystem for displaying. Furthermore, the multi-stage fire alarm subsystem sends warnings or alarms based on the fire’s severity. Moreover, the escape route optimization subsystem dynamically optimizes the evacuation routes by considering the actual number of people at the construction site and the potential crowding as people pass through the escapeway. Results show that this system can provide informative and on-time fire protection measures to different participants at the construction site. This study can also serve as a solution to improve fire safety management at the construction site.","construction site; fire safety management; BIM technology; escape route optimization; visualization","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Design & Construction Management","","",""
"uuid:fdc3b1d5-e824-4e9b-a81d-e5a45692e319","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:fdc3b1d5-e824-4e9b-a81d-e5a45692e319","Towards a Framework for Sustainable Port Site Selection","Taneja, P. (TU Delft Rivers, Ports, Waterways and Dredging Engineering); Oosterwegel, M. (Royal Boskalis Westminster)","","2022","Nowadays, the drive towards green field port development is accompanied by a general trend towards sustainable development. The location of a port is critical for its long-term success. However, port-related literature, until the publication of a recent PIANC report, offered limited guidance over a sustainable site selection process. A method for sustainable site selection of deep-sea ports is urgently required as most countries worldwide expand their port capacity. This paper presents a methodology for site selection of deep-sea ports based on sustainable design principles such as building with nature and ecosystem-based management, while taking into account stakeholder needs and values. It further applies the proposed methodology to a case study. Myanmar is a country in Southeast Asia requiring expansion of maritime infrastructure and six ports are being planned. The lessons learnt from the case study are used to further refine the proposed framework. The paper concludes that integrating perspectives of engineering, ecology, economy and governance in the site selection process can create added value for the port and the surroundings, thereby providing the port the license to grow. This research contributes to the advancement of port development by providing a practical, validated, and tested method for sustainable site selection, thus supporting broader sustainability goals.","port site selection; sustainable ports; port planning","en","conference paper","Australasian Coasts and Ports","","","","","","","","","","Rivers, Ports, Waterways and Dredging Engineering","","",""
"uuid:7ef1391d-c56c-4f2b-8e07-c674e3f9c37a","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:7ef1391d-c56c-4f2b-8e07-c674e3f9c37a","Simulation-based seasonal underground sensible heat storage integrated in a district heating network","ter Meulen, Bram (Student TU Delft); Geerts, Rene (HoCoSto); Infante Ferreira, C.A. (TU Delft Engineering Thermodynamics)","","2022","This study assesses the role of (seasonal) thermal energy storage in the next generation renewables based central heating systems for the built environment in the Netherlands. Specifically, the neighbourhood ""Karwijhof"" in the city Nagele which is transitioning to a collective renewable district heating network incorporating 24 users. The study focus on the technology for storing thermal energy and two different heat collection technologies. The storage of heat is done using an underground seasonal thermal energy storage (USTES), in this case an underground sensible heat storage tank using water as storage medium. The system relies on a small scale district heating network (DHN) for the distribution of heat. For this research two heat collection technologies are considered both incorporating the USTES as main system component. The first system relies on heat collection by solar thermal collectors, the second on an air-water heat pump. Both systems are modelled in Matlab-Simulink making use of KNMI weather data. Different system sizes are evaluated. The investigated components include: volume of the USTES, surface area of the solar thermal collectors, and air-water heat pump capacity. Key performance indicators include the levelised cost of heat (LCOH) and the seasonal COP of the system which gives an indication on the autonomy of the system. To increase the autonomy of the systems a photo-voltaic (PV) array is considered for both systems to offset the electricity use. However, the systems are allowed to exchange electricity with the grid translating into the goal of ""zero on the meter"" autonomy. The results show that both systems can ensure heat throughout the year for the users considered during this study. However, systems cannot compete with traditional natural gas heating systems based on the LCOH. This is partly due to the high cost of the district heating network. The systems including a PV array show a LCOH that can compete with the traditional natural gas HR-boiler but are constraint by the rooftop area available during this study leading to a non-competitive LCOH. When considering the environmental benefits, the systems are already competitive to the traditional natural gas heating systems.","Energy; Renewable and smart energy solutions for buildings and sites; Design of Innovative HVAC systems for optimized operational performances","en","conference paper","TU Delft OPEN Publishing","","","","","","","","","","Engineering Thermodynamics","","",""
"uuid:d668769f-23e6-4bf3-8b8a-8296e40670b2","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:d668769f-23e6-4bf3-8b8a-8296e40670b2","Optimized district heating system for combined operation with seasonal heat storage","Wolbert, Gijs (Student TU Delft); Geerts, Rene (HoCoSto); Infante Ferreira, C.A. (TU Delft Engineering Thermodynamics)","","2022","This study optimizes the district heating network side of a high temperature community heating system powered by decentralized solar collectors and seasonal thermal energy storage (STES). Six network configurations are considered which have the potential to improve system performance compared to a base scenario. The base scenario consists of a 2-line network with a fixed supply temperature where the decentralised solar collectors feed in over the heating network. All alternative configurations aim to improve system performance by lowering the temperature of consumed and/or produced heat. Lowering the temperature in the heating network reduces heat losses and decreases heat pump utilization. Lowering the operational temperature of the solar collectors increases their efficiency. The strategies explored by the different configurations include variable supply temperatures, a 4-line network (where the solar collectors do not feed into the heating network), and ways to mitigate temperature constraints imposed by domestic hot water production regulations. In the neighbourhood “”Karwijhof” of Nagele, 24 consumers will make the switch to a solar+storage district heating system. In order to assess their performance, all configurations and the base scenario are modelled in Matlab/Simulink. The system performance is measured in terms of levelised cost of heat (LCOH) and seasonal coefficient of performance (SCOP). They are compared to a scenario where the dwellings are fitted with individual high temperature air to water heat pumps. Making the supply temperature variable (dependent on the ambient temperature) reduces pipeline thermal losses and reduces heat pump utilization. The transition from a 2-line network to a 4-line network where the solar collectors are separately connected to the buffer was found to significantly increase solar collector efficiency. The combination of these two measures reduces the LCOH by 4.5 %. Slightly oversizing the buffer volume and solar area significantly increases the SCOP with small impact on LCOH. When comparing the improved community solar heating system with a scenario where every house is heated with an individual heat pump instead, it is found that the community solar system achieve a 15.7 % lower LCOH while having a SCOP of 4.4 compared to just 2.75 for the heat pump scenario.","Energy; Renewable and smart energy solutions for buildings and sites; Design of Innovative HVAC systems for optimized operational performances","en","conference paper","TU Delft OPEN Publishing","","","","","","","","","","Engineering Thermodynamics","","",""
"uuid:e0298d28-3c66-442b-ba92-8235f732d0ff","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:e0298d28-3c66-442b-ba92-8235f732d0ff","Image-based Material Characterization for Daylight Simulation Using Illuminance-proxy and Artificial Neural Networks","Forouzandeh Shahraki, N. (TU Delft Building Physics); Brembilla, E. (TU Delft Building Physics); Jakubiec, John Alstan (University of Toronto)","","2022","A key aspect of daylight modeling is the definition of material optical properties. Characterization of such properties in existing indoor spaces with current methods is a labour-intensive and time-consuming task, especially in surfaces with considerable visual complexity. Faster and more accurate estimations of such properties will lead to more efficient workflows. Towards this direction, the present work studied the feasibility of using two novel approaches i.e. illuminance-proxy and probabilistic image based material characterization methods for implementation in daylight modeling. These approaches are compared with two common techniques, namely the manual selection from a measured dataset and the use of illuminance/luminance measurements. According to the results, both novel techniques are able to predict spatiallyaveraged Daylight Autonomy, continuous Daylight Autonomy, and Useful Daylight Illuminance in 300-3000 lx range with less than 5% error","on-site; measurement; visual; Digitalization; Optical","en","conference paper","","","","","","Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.","","2023-07-01","","","Building Physics","","",""
"uuid:a3060478-c1b5-4acd-b55f-4d0aed023714","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a3060478-c1b5-4acd-b55f-4d0aed023714","Industrialized renovation of the building envelope: realizing the potential to decarbonize the European building stock","Konstantinou, T. (TU Delft Building Product Innovation); Heesbeen, C. (TU Delft Design of Constrution)","Gasparri, Eugenia (editor); Brambilla, Arianna (editor); Lobaccaro, Gabriele (editor); Goia, Francesco (editor); Andaloro, Annalisa (editor); Sangiorgio, Alberto (editor)","2022","Given the European building stock’s current size and state, its potential to be renovated up to an energy-neutral quality is getting much attention, contributing to energy transition and other sustainable and societal benefits. To tackle this potential, both the number of buildings that undergo renovation and the amount of the resulting energy savings need to increase. Industrialization and prefabrication of renovation are effective strategies to improve productivity, achieve high energy performance and minimize on-site construction time. This chapter investigates current practices and future potential for industrialized renovation of the building envelope. The definitions and application of industrialized techniques in the design and construction of renovation are discussed, particularly regarding the renovation process and design concepts. Finally, the chapter provides an outlook on essential aspects for the future implementation of industrialized building envelope retrofit. Understanding current practices and how to improve industrialized renovation is instrumental to the upscaling of renovation that leads to the decarbonization of the building stock.","Renovation; industrialization; off-site construction; energy efficiency; building stock","en","book chapter","Woodhead Publishing","","","","","Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.","","2023-07-01","","","Building Product Innovation","","",""
"uuid:480488b1-15ac-48b0-bb86-3640c6f688f5","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:480488b1-15ac-48b0-bb86-3640c6f688f5","Simple, controllable and environmentally friendly synthesis of FeCoNiCuZn-based high-entropy alloy (HEA) catalysts, and their surface dynamics during nitrobenzene hydrogenation","Márquez, Victor (Chulalongkorn University); Santos, Janaina S. (Chulalongkorn University); Buijnsters, J.G. (TU Delft Micro and Nano Engineering); Praserthdam, Supareak (Chulalongkorn University); Praserthdam, Piyasan (Chulalongkorn University)","","2022","High-entropy alloys (HEAs) have rapidly become one of the hottest research topics in several fields, including materials science, corrosion technology, and catalysis because of their multiple advantages and their potential applications. In this study, using a novel straightforward electroless deposition method, multi-elemental alloys (FeCoNiCuZn) supported on graphite were prepared with controlled metal loading (HEA/g-X; X = 40, 80, 100) without any high temperature post-treatments. These materials were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction, and showed a composition ranging from 11 at.% to 31 at.% for each metallic element, a total metal loading varying from 1.3 to 5.2 at.% (5.9 to 21.5 wt.%), homogeneous distribution, and an amorphous structure. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, linear sweep voltammetry, and chronoamperometry were used to evaluate the surface dynamics and the effect of the solution pH during the electrochemical hydrogenation of nitrobenzene using the HEA/g-40 material. The nitrobenzene conversion (>9 mmolNB gcat-1 h−1) and aniline production (≈ 4 mmolAN gcat-1 h−1) rates in Na2SO4 solution (at −1.0 V vs. Ag/AgCl) demonstrated a strong dependence on the applied potential. After comparing the results in alkaline medium (KOH), a competitive adsorption of species (nitrobenzene and H2O) was observed, showing a synergistic effect that greatly improved the selectivity of the nitrobenzene hydrogenation to aniline, from 23% in Na2SO4 to an outstanding 94% in KOH at the same applied potential, surpassing the results of a platinum electrode (34% in KOH). These results provide insightful information regarding the nature of the active sites involved in each step of the reaction mechanism, and gives useful means to develop new, tailored multifunctional HEA electrocatalyst materials.","Electrocatalysis; High-entropy alloys; Multiple active sites; Nitrobenzene hydrogenation","en","journal article","","","","","","Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.","","2022-08-03","","","Micro and Nano Engineering","","",""
"uuid:68c76ac7-8c33-47cf-8485-97ac9adb3b11","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:68c76ac7-8c33-47cf-8485-97ac9adb3b11","Risk assessment of large-scale winter sports sites in the context of a natural disaster","Wu, Jiansong (China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing)); Xing, Yuxuan (China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing)); Bai, Yiping (China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing)); Hu, Xiaofeng (People’s Public Security University of China); Yuan, S. (TU Delft Safety and Security Science)","","2022","Accidents induced by natural disasters at sports sites may cause catastrophic loss of great concern. However, previous studies on risk assessments of sports sites have only focused on operational risk and equipment failure. With the frequent occurrence of extreme disasters, the risk of domino chains caused by natural disasters at large-scale events, such as large-scale winter sports sites, cannot be ignored. In this study, a natural disaster-induced accident-chain evolution analysis model (NAEA model) is proposed. Based on the results of the NAEA model, a fuzzy Bayesian network for domino accidents triggered by an earthquake at large-scale winter sports sites was established. Through sensitivity analysis and scenario analysis, it was found that fire and explosion accidents and crowded stampede accidents are the main causes of serious loss in domino disaster chains in large-scale sports sites. Simultaneously, improving the early warning capability, reliability of electrical equipment, and automatic sprinkler systems are the most effective ways to prevent and control major accidents. In addition, an optimal safety strategy improvement analysis was performed to facilitate the decision-making of safety managers to prevent serious accidents and reduce accident loss.","Bayesian network; Domino disaster chain; Fuzzy logic; Large-scale sports sites; Natural disaster; Risk assessment","en","review","","","","","","","","","","","Safety and Security Science","","",""
"uuid:cfb60ea2-c880-4b0f-9220-03d315038986","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:cfb60ea2-c880-4b0f-9220-03d315038986","Impact of the lower Jurassic Dunlin Group depositional elements on the Aurora CO2 storage site, EL001, northern North Sea, Norway","Meneguolo, Renata (Equinor ASA); Sundal, Anja (Universitetet i Oslo); Martinius, A.W. (TU Delft Applied Geology; Equinor ASA); Veselovsky, Zbynek (Eriksfiord AS, Stavanger); Cullum, Alex (Equinor ASA); Milovanova, Elvira (TotalEnergies, Stavanger)","","2022","Northern Lights is the CO2 transport and storage component of Longship, the Norwegian full-scale CCS project. Injection is planned into an under-explored sloping saline aquifer in the northern North Sea, the Johansen and Cook formations of the Lower Jurassic Dunlin Group. To bridge the information gap, well 31/5-7 (Eos) was drilled. The comprehensive dataset acquired was fundamental to interpret the depositional environment and determine the scale and spatial distribution of heterogeneities, as input to 3-D models aimed at improving storage resource assessment and understanding the injected CO2 plume behaviour over time. The interpreted gross depositional environments of the storage units are marginal- to shallow-marine, arranged in three successive fining-upwards intervals. The lower interval includes coastal deposits with mixed wave- and river influence, correlatable over a large distance, dominated by meso-scale heterogeneities. The middle interval records paralic deposits with a wave- and tidal- interplay generating higher vertical and lateral variability. The upper interval is interpreted as tidal-dominated, predominantly with cm-scale heterogeneities. The repeated fining-upwards trends are ideal for plume redistribution and efficient CO2 storage, and the reconstructed lateral depositional trends associated with generally good properties indicate a high storage potential. The Eos well data enabled building the properties distribution model, highlighting the importance of well control for storage evaluation.","Dunlin Group; Geological storage potential; Horda platform; Lower Jurassic; Offshore Norway; Site selection and characterization","en","journal article","","","","","","Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.","","2023-01-06","","","Applied Geology","","",""
"uuid:cedb5ce1-cc37-4e4c-a7f8-679a0f0b6688","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:cedb5ce1-cc37-4e4c-a7f8-679a0f0b6688","In-Site Phenotype of the Settlement Space along China’s Grand Canal Tianjin Section: GIS-sDNA-Based Model Analysis","Zhao, Yan (Tianjin University; Tianjin Ren’ai College); Yan, Jian Wei (Tianjin University); Li, Yan (Tianjin University); Bian, Guang Meng (Tianjin University); Du, Y. (TU Delft Spatial Planning and Strategy)","","2022","The settlement space along China’s Grand Canal composes an important part of the Canal heritage, has a close bearing on the production and life of the residents there, nourishes rich culture and wisdom and boasts vital value of conservation and inheritance. Due to China’s rapid urbanization and industrialization, the settlements along the canal have been destroyed to some extent and their in-site characteristics urgently need excavation and conservation. Through field investigation, space syntax and GIS analysis, this paper performs quantitative analysis of the in-site characteristics of 18 typical rural settlements there. The findings show that: (1) The settlement space of industry dominant type for commerce and trade is comparatively dynamic and the capacity of topology and integration and the attractive force of the settlement center are stronger. (2) The dynamic scope of the citizens’ everyday traveling in the settlements has the closest correlation with the data of public-service facilities. (3) The settlements along the canal boast multiple, causal and blended in-site phenotype. The research findings provide new standards to categorize the settlements along China’s Grand Canal, paths and methods to explore the characteristics of the settlements and new cognitive perspectives to conserve and renew the settlements along China’s Grand Canal Tianjin Section.","China’s Grand Canal; GIS-sDNA; in-site phenotype; settlement space; Tianjin Section","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Spatial Planning and Strategy","","",""
"uuid:1f583f1d-6a5e-4818-a047-f7b07fe64d9d","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:1f583f1d-6a5e-4818-a047-f7b07fe64d9d","Exploring Critical Urbanities: A Knowledge Co-Transfer Approach for Fragmented Cities in Water Landscapes","Janches, F. (TU Delft Environmental Technology and Design; University of Buenos Aires); Diedrich, Lisa (Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences); Sepulveda Carmona, D.A. (TU Delft Spatial Planning and Strategy)","Marinic, Gregory (editor); Meninato, Pablo (editor)","2022","The urban conditions of many metropolitan regions in the Global South are marked by growing informal settlements, growing inequalities, and socio-spatial fragmentation. They face alterations of their natural-spatial context imposed by climate change and new hydrological patterns. Knowledge is needed to direct their transformation toward more sustainable futures. Academia plays an important role in this knowledge production process that bridges disciplines and geographies. It ensures links to professional actors, public authorities, and civil society in their respective localities. This chapter introduces the adaptation of a more collaborative, trans-disciplinary, and multi-directional working method called “Beyond Best Practice” that raises research questions around ever-evolving, multi-actor collaborations from a design thinking perspective. These research experiences allowed us to promote an open-ended, co-transfer thematic, and methodological knowledge process by developing and testing ideas in real-world laboratory situations. Its results can be redirected to the Global North, where patterns of informality increasingly characterize hotspots of critical urbanity and, in turn, would benefit from knowledge sourced in the Global South.","Informal urbanism; Trans-disciplinary; Collaborative design process; Transferring knowledge; Site specific","en","book chapter","Springer","","","","","Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.","","2023-07-01","","","Spatial Planning and Strategy","","",""
"uuid:e700d127-e035-4fc0-9fc0-9afa95186391","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:e700d127-e035-4fc0-9fc0-9afa95186391","Disclosing Interstices: Open-ended Design Transformation of Urban Leftover Spaces","Luo, S. (TU Delft Situated Architecture)","Avermaete, T.L.P. (promotor); Havik, K.M. (promotor); de Wit, S.I. (promotor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","Leftover spaces are neglected and obsolete spaces within the city. As they are temporarily unoccupied by defined urban functions, leftover spaces provide unique “interstitial conditions” that open for wild species as well as different informal social activities, offering crucial complements to the formal and defined urban spaces. In this context, the design of leftover spaces poses a paradox between the practice of design that projects a set of definitions onto the site, and the indeterminacy of leftover spaces that opens for appropriation and interpretation. By recognizing this paradox within the design of leftover spaces, this thesis strives to explore open-ended design approaches that engage leftover spaces without losing their essential qualities of indeterminacy. Three case studies—Valby Smedestræde 2 in Copenhagen, Le Jardin Du Tiers-Paysage [the Garden of the Third Landscape] in Saint-Nazaire, and the Dalston Eastern Curve Garden in London are scrutinized with a uniform framework consisting of four lenses: the morphological, social, ecological and material lens. The plan, the section, the perspective and axonometric drawings are used as tools to examine the cases and further, to represent the results of reading through each lens. The study delivers four general modi operandi—disclosing, selecting, founding, and sustaining—for engaging with the interstitial condition of leftover spaces. This thesis further invites for an exploration on the role of “gardeners”, nurtures and balances diverse social and ecological practices in the on-going transformation of the site.","leftover space; interstitial; landscape architecture; site specific; indeterminacy","en","doctoral thesis","A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment","978-94-6366-447-9","","","","A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment No 16 (2021)","","","","","Situated Architecture","","",""
"uuid:b6920913-20da-46e4-99a6-276481deca3b","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:b6920913-20da-46e4-99a6-276481deca3b","A conceptual model to determine the impact of off-site construction on labour productivity","van Dijkhuizen, M.J. (TU Delft Integral Design & Management); Vrijhoef, R. (TU Delft Design & Construction Management); Bakker, H.L.M. (TU Delft Integral Design & Management)","Alarcon, Luis Fernando (editor); Gonzalez, Vicente A. (editor); Murguia, Danny (editor); Brioso, Xavier (editor)","2021","Despite the efforts of governments and firms, the construction industry is trailing other industries in labour productivity. Construction companies are interested in increasing their labour productivity, particularly when demand grows and construction firms cope with labour shortages. Off-site construction has proved to be a favourable policy to increase labour productivity. However, a complete understanding of the factors affecting construction labour productivity is lacking, and it is unclear which factors are influenced by off-site construction. This study developed a conceptual model describing how 15 factors influence the construction process and make a difference in labour productivity between off-site and on-site construction. The conceptual model shows that all 15 factors affect labour productivity in three ways: through direct effects, indirect effects and causal loops. The model is a starting point for further research to determine the impact of off-site construction on labour productivity.","Labour productivity; construction process; off-site construction; modelling","en","conference paper","","","","","","","","","","","Integral Design & Management","","",""
"uuid:5131508b-0746-40a7-8957-b21d60878640","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:5131508b-0746-40a7-8957-b21d60878640","Effects of metocean conditions on selecting optimal location for wave energy production","Lavidas, G. (TU Delft Offshore Engineering); Loukogeorgaki, Eva (Aristotle University of Thessaloniki); Michailides, Constantine (Cyprus University of Technology); Chatjigeorgiou, Ioannis K. (National Technical University of Athens)","","2021","Wave Energy Converters (WEC) have seen a wide variety of innovations capable to harness the vast untapped energy source of the seas. This wide range of WECs often has varied applicability and power production capabilities, making the selection of a device overwhelming. These uncertainties are increased when
considering the interactions and suitability of the device with local metocean conditions, and the impacts to long-term reliable operation. The study focuses on the Mediterranean region and presents a comprehensive approach
in selecting a WEC, using a novel Selection Index for Wave Energy Deployments (SIWED), which accounts for resource, extreme events, power production capabilities, reducing uncertainties and biases. As a case study our
approach explores: (i) the viability of WECs at milder resource (ii) the use of SIWED to select the “optimal” location and (iii) an approach to optimise considering the multi-faceted resource impacts. The study provides
a comprehensive assessment of the “hidden” benefits of wave energy in the Mediterranean and its methodology is universally replicable. Finally, a discussion and overview on the importance of this interdisciplinary method for WEC
deployments is underlined.","Mediterranean Sea; Capacity factors; Optimal site selection; wave energy","en","conference paper","EWTEC","","","","","","","","","","Offshore Engineering","","",""
"uuid:4a1ddb7e-57c7-421c-b442-32227c979fd3","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:4a1ddb7e-57c7-421c-b442-32227c979fd3","Climate Change and Cultural Heritage: A Systematic Literature Review (2016–2020)","Orr, Scott Allan (University College London (UCL)); Richards, Jenny (University of Oxford); Fatorić, Sandra (TU Delft History, Form & Aesthetics)","","2021","Research focusing on climate change and cultural heritage informs heritage management and policy. Fatorić and Seekamp assessed this field up to 2015, highlighting the need for periodic reassessment of the field given the observed growth and research that documents how cultural heritage contributes to climate change mitigation and adaptation. Five years on, this systematic review reflects on the state of the art by evaluating 165 publications (2016–2020) about cultural heritage and climate change. We find the field continues to grow, and remains rich in disciplinary and methodological diversity, but predominantly represents research in and about Europe. The number of publications about integrating cultural heritage into adaptation and mitigation are increasing but remain relatively few compared to those about physical impacts on individual buildings or sites. The impact of climate change on intangible heritage has rarely been the sole focus of recent research. Although researchers are increasingly situating their research in a wider context of opportunities and barriers, vague timescales, and unspecific references to changes in the natural environment are additional limitations. This review also identified a lack of international collaboration, highlighting the urgent need for global cooperation and knowledge exchange on climate change and cultural heritage.","climatic change; cultural landscapes; Cultural resources; heritage sites; historic environment; research meta-characteristics","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","History, Form & Aesthetics","","",""
"uuid:875fd094-18fe-4837-bbc1-cda73274e947","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:875fd094-18fe-4837-bbc1-cda73274e947","On-site drag analysis of drafting cyclists","Spoelstra, A.M.C.M.G. (TU Delft Aerodynamics); Sciacchitano, A. (TU Delft Aerodynamics); Scarano, F. (TU Delft Aerodynamics); Mahalingesh, Nikhil (Student TU Delft)","","2021","The aerodynamic drag of a trailing cyclists in a tandem formation is investigated at different lateral and longitudinal separations. A Ring of Fire (RoF) experiment is conducted at the Tom Dumoulin bike park of Sittard-Geleen in the Netherlands. The method is based on stereoscopic Particle Image Velocimetry (Stereo-PIV) measurements followed by invoking the conservation of momentum expressed in a control volume to evaluate the drag force of the cyclists. Three cyclists perform a series of individual tests as well as four different drafting tests, varying their order in the group. All tests were performed at a nominal riding speed of 45 km/h; the longitudinal displacement of the drafters varied between 0.32 m and 0.85 m and the lateral displacement varied between ±0.20 m among different runs. The results from the RoF measurements show the flow field interactions between the two drafting cyclists as well as the wake of the second cyclist. It is observed that the amount of drag reduction for the trailing rider is mainly caused by the change in inflow conditions. The drag reductions of the trailing cyclist are in the range from 27% to 66% depending on the longitudinal and lateral separation from the leading rider. The aerodynamic advantage of the drafting rider decreases with increasing lateral and longitudinal separation between riders, with the lateral separation found to be more relevant. Furthermore, based on the analysis of the individual wakes, the drag reductions found by the RoF, and the drag reduction measured by Barry et al. (2014), a model is introduced that predicts the aerodynamic gain of the trailing rider based on his or her position with respect to the leading rider. Validation of the model with data from literature shows that in the near wake the model prediction is in line with literature, with an overestimation of the drag reduction when the longitudinal distance is between 0.1 m and 0.3 m.","Drafting; Flow visualization; HFSB; Large-scale PIV; On-site drag evaluation; Sports aerodynamics","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Aerodynamics","","",""
"uuid:bea95174-3560-40f4-a9d9-a291c7b77ccc","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:bea95174-3560-40f4-a9d9-a291c7b77ccc","Assessment of soil spatial variability for linear infrastructure using cone penetration tests","de Gast, T. (TU Delft Geo-engineering); Vardon, P.J. (TU Delft Geo-engineering); Hicks, M.A. (TU Delft Geo-engineering)","","2021","Soil spatial variability has a significant impact on the reliability of geotechnical structures. In particular, the horizontal variability is important for linear infrastructure, which has only limited vertical height and width, but extensive length. Due to depositional and geological processes, the variability is often substantially different in the vertical and lateral directions. This variability can be characterised by a spatial correlation length, or scale of fluctuation, which is a measure of how significantly soil properties are correlated in space. An analysis of the reliability of such a measure has been undertaken using synthetic data, leading to a design chart which quantifies the statistical uncertainty in the scale of fluctuation for specific site investigation designs, which can be an important input for probabilistic analyses of the structure response. Moreover, practical guidance for site investigation design is proposed which can reduce the statistical uncertainty. The method has been applied to a real site investigation comprising a row of 29 closely spaced cone penetration tests (CPTs), within a larger site investigation of 100 CPTs, and applied to a simple design calculation for a long embankment to illustrate the impact on slope stability assessment. The site investigation data are made available to add to the limited amount of detailed data in this field.","Embankments; Site investigation; Statistical analysis","en","journal article","","","","","","Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.","","2022-04-08","","","Geo-engineering","","",""
"uuid:19a0f5c2-50c9-4733-b6ec-3d514da133c8","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:19a0f5c2-50c9-4733-b6ec-3d514da133c8","Application of Seismic Interferometry by Multidimensional Deconvolution to Earthquake Data Recorded in Malargüe, Argentina","Shirmohammadi, F. (TU Delft Applied Geophysics and Petrophysics; University of Tehran); Draganov, D.S. (TU Delft Applied Geophysics and Petrophysics); Hatami, Mohammad Reza (University of Tehran); Weemstra, C. (TU Delft Applied Geophysics and Petrophysics)","","2021","Seismic interferometry (SI) refers to the principle of generating new seismic responses using crosscorrelations of existing wavefield recordings. In this study, we report on the use of a specific interferometric approach, called seismic interferometry by multidimensional deconvolution (SI by MDD), for the purpose of retrieving surface-wave responses. In theory, SI by MDD suffers less from irregularities in the distribution of (passive) sources than conventional SI. Here, we confirm this advantage for the application to surface waves originating from regional earthquakes close to Central Chile. For that purpose, we use the Malargüe seismic array in Argentina. This T-shaped array consists of two perpendicular lines of stations, which makes it rather suitable for the application of SI by MDD. Comparing the responses retrieved through SI by MDD to the responses retrieved using conventional SI, we find that the application of SI by MDD results in surface-wave responses that are both more accurate and more stable than surface-wave responses that are retrieved using conventional SI. That is, our results demonstrate that SI by MDD suffers less from non-uniformly distributed earthquakes and differences in the power spectra of earthquake responses. In addition, we show that SI by MDD mitigates the effect of site amplification on the retrieved surface waves.","Multidimensional deconvolution; One-sided illumination; Seismic interferometry; Site amplification; Surface waves; Virtual-source responses","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Applied Geophysics and Petrophysics","","",""
"uuid:d51ac8c1-423e-4cd8-a223-b6f3560f21a7","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:d51ac8c1-423e-4cd8-a223-b6f3560f21a7","Sharing (mis) information on social networking sites. An exploration of the norms for distributing content authored by others","Marin, L. (TU Delft Ethics & Philosophy of Technology; Katholieke Universiteit Leuven)","","2021","This article explores the norms that govern regular users’ acts of sharing content on social networking sites. Many debates on how to counteract misinformation on Social Networking Sites focus on the epistemic norms of testimony, implicitly assuming that the users’ acts of sharing should fall under the same norms as those for posting original content. I challenge this assumption by proposing a non-epistemic interpretation of (mis) information sharing on social networking sites which I construe as infrastructures for forms of life found online. Misinformation sharing belongs more in the realm of rumour spreading and gossiping rather than in the information-giving language games. However, the norms for sharing cannot be fixed in advance, as these emerge at the interaction between the platforms’ explicit rules, local norms established by user practices, and a meta-norm of sociality. This unpredictability does not leave us with a normative void as an important user responsibility still remains, namely that of making the context of the sharing gesture explicit. If users will clarify how their gestures of sharing are meant to be interpreted by others, they will implicitly assume responsibility for possible misunderstandings based on omissions, and the harms of shared misinformation can be diminished.","Epistemic norms; Forms of life; Gossip; Language games; Misinformation; Posting; Responsibility; Rumour; Sharing; Social media; Social networking sites","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Ethics & Philosophy of Technology","","",""
"uuid:e13b3a0d-7068-4fb5-98d8-158d1f88c34e","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:e13b3a0d-7068-4fb5-98d8-158d1f88c34e","Design framework for DEM-supported prototyping of grabs including full-scale validation","Schott, D.L. (TU Delft Transport Engineering and Logistics); Mohajeri, M. (TU Delft Transport Engineering and Logistics); Jovanova, J. (TU Delft Transport Engineering and Logistics); Lommen, S.W. (TU Delft Transport Engineering and Logistics); de Kluijver, Wilbert (Nemag)","","2021","The design of machinery for handling granular materials relies mainly on empirical methods and in-house engineering knowledge. This traditional approach provides incremental improvements that are often limited. Advancements in simulation and optimization can offer a promising alternative approach. Most of the research involved in improving or optimizing equipment design does not include the realistic performance of the new prototype and as such it is uncertain that the predicted performance is also guaranteed in practice. In this study, a design framework for a new generation of machinery handling granular materials, grabs, has been established that includes a full-scale validation step. This has been proven to lead to a breakthrough in equipment design. This design framework uses a co-simulation between Discrete Element Method (DEM) and Multi Body Dynamics (MBD), thus, capturing operational conditions in full-scale. The DEM simulation supported design step integrated as the main step to generate new prototypes. The performance of the prototype is evaluated by conducting full-scale experiments, thus validating the adequacy of the new design as well as the accuracy of the co-simulation. Through this a full design cycle has been fulfilled and a validated model has been achieved that is independent of specific design configurations.","(true) validation; DEM-MBD co-simulation; Design cycle; Grab; Industrial-scale; On-site experiments","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Transport Engineering and Logistics","","",""
"uuid:4ce3b4ec-0a6a-4886-9a82-5945a1f9ea50","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:4ce3b4ec-0a6a-4886-9a82-5945a1f9ea50","Dykes and Embankments: a Geostatistical Analysis of Soft Terrain","de Gast, T. (TU Delft Geo-engineering)","Hicks, M.A. (promotor); Vardon, P.J. (promotor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","This thesis presents an investigation of the use and applicability of statistical methods in site investigation and subsequent analyses of dykes and embankments. This comprises a comprehensive site investigation via Cone Penetration Tests (CPTs) and laboratory experiments on sampled material, a large scale field test, and statistical analysis of both the site investigation data and the failure test.
This work offers the potential to better design site investigations in order to provide reliable estimates of heterogeneity and to demonstrate how these can be used in practical analyses. Such analyses are computationally expensive, but can offer significant benefits in reducing the requirements of dyke upgrades.","Field experiment; Hetereogeneity; RFEM; Site investigation; Slope failure; Statistical analysis","en","doctoral thesis","","978-94-028-1915-1","","","","","","","","","Geo-engineering","","",""
"uuid:fbca9e1c-713d-4c15-8779-8d0d89d4b1ec","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:fbca9e1c-713d-4c15-8779-8d0d89d4b1ec","Tour Haven-Stad: Smart Mobility & Urban Development in Haven-Stad, Amsterdam","Kuijper, J.A. (TU Delft Theory, Territories & Transitions)","Kuijper, Joran (editor); Cavallo, Roberto (editor); de Boer, Hans (editor); van der Wal, Iris (editor)","2020","Maps represent reality in a consciously filtered and scaled way. We—not only designers but anyone who wants to interfere with the built environment—need maps to get a clutter-free overview of space. Moreover, we can project and infer very specific data of a location on a map creating a model and providing information that could never be perceived from a real-life visit. Nevertheless, we cannot perceive a space and its identity without experiencing it.","Tour; Site Visit; Mobility; Urban Development; Amsterdam; Haven-Stad","en","book chapter","TU Delft OPEN Publishing","","","","","","","","","","Theory, Territories & Transitions","","",""
"uuid:b4015f33-221f-4ca9-af69-161cd054dd31","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:b4015f33-221f-4ca9-af69-161cd054dd31","Real-Time Coupling of Geographically Distributed Research Infrastructures: Taxonomy, Overview and Real-World Smart Grid Applications","Syed, M.H. (University of Strathclyde); Guillo-Sansano, E. (University of Strathclyde); Wang, Y. (Rolls-Royce); Vogel, S. (Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule); Palensky, P. (TU Delft Intelligent Electrical Power Grids); Burt, G. M. (University of Strathclyde); Xu, Y. (Nanyang Technological University); Monti, A. (Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule); Hovsapian, R. (National Renewable Energy Laboratory)","","2020","Novel concepts enabling a resilient future power system and their subsequent experimental evaluation are experiencing a steadily growing challenge: large scale complexity and questionable scalability. The requirements on a research infrastructure (RI) to cope with the trends of such a dynamic system therefore grow in size, diversity and costs, making the feasibility of rigorous advancements questionable by a single RI. Analysis of large scale system complexity has been made possible by the real-time coupling of geographically separated RIs undertaking geographically distributed simulations (GDS), the concept of which brings the equipment, models and expertise of independent RIs, in combination, to optimally address the challenge. This article presents the outputs of IEEE PES Task Force on Interfacing Techniques for Simulation Tools towards standardization of GDS as a concept. First, the taxonomy for setups utilized for GDS is established followed by a comprehensive overview of the advancements in real-time couplings reported in literature. The overview encompasses fundamental technological design considerations for GDS. The article further presents four application oriented case studies (real-world implementations) where GDS setups have been utilized, demonstrating their practicality and potential in enabling the analysis of future complex power systems.","Geographically distributed simulations; distributed laboratories; geographically distributed research infrastructures; multi-site simulations; power and energy systems validation; real-time coupling of geographically distributed research infrastructures; real-time simulations; remote coupling","en","journal article","","","","","","""Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.""","","2021-12-22","","","Intelligent Electrical Power Grids","","",""
"uuid:9931b675-b928-47e4-8781-fdcae9013d98","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:9931b675-b928-47e4-8781-fdcae9013d98","Back to the drawing board: Assessing siting guidelines for sand dams in Kenya","Ngugi, K. N.Keziah (South Eastern Kenya University, Kitui; University of Nairobi); Gichaba, C. M.Maina (University of Nairobi); Kathumo, V. M.Vincent (University of Nairobi); Ertsen, M.W. (TU Delft Water Resources)","","2020","Sand dams have become popular in many parts of the arid world as a relatively cheap and effective water harvesting technology. Kenya is one of the countries with the highest number of such dams, with semi-arid Kitui County having become a major hub in recent decades. These sand dams are used for water storage in the beds of Kitui’s seasonal rivers. The water is used for households and small-scale economic activities. Generally, sand dams are evaluated as very successful, but this paper shows that such success is not guaranteed. Field research conducted in Kitui County in October 2016 suggests that from 116 sand dams surveyed, about half did not have any water during the time of the assessment. This study assesses how various environmental factors affect sand dams’ ability to supply water for community use during dry periods in Tiva River catchment in Kitui County. Most of the assessed environmental factors did not show consistent patterns to draw inferences on how they affect sand dams’ ability to supply water, with the exception of rainfall amount, water indicating vegetation percentage of clay in a soil and stream orders. More overarching factors like agro-ecological zones and stream order do show a pattern of influence on dams’ performance. These results have global significance due to the widespread use or plans to use of sand dams worldwide. There is a clear need to build a better understanding of sand dams performance to define more reliable sand dams’ site identification criteria.","Asals; Environmental factors; Sand dams; Siting; Water use","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Water Resources","","",""
"uuid:587c8a9b-63ce-4fb6-b1cf-138fc46fcacb","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:587c8a9b-63ce-4fb6-b1cf-138fc46fcacb","Uncertainty assessment of the Ring of Fire concept for on-site aerodynamic drag evaluation","Spoelstra, A.M.C.M.G. (TU Delft Aerodynamics); Hirsch, Maximilian (Student TU Delft); Sciacchitano, A. (TU Delft Aerodynamics); Scarano, F. (TU Delft Flow Physics and Technology)","","2020","The Ring of Fire (RoF) measurement concept to perform on-site experiments of aerodynamic drag for transiting objects is investigated with a study that identifies the main sources of uncertainty. The main contributors to the uncertainty of the drag measurement are examined for the case of a cyclist riding through the measurement domain. A sensitivity analysis is conducted that assesses how the estimated drag is affected by the choice of particle image velocimetry image processing parameters. The size of the cross-section considered in the control volume formulation is also investigated. It is found that the accuracy of the estimated drag depends on the procedure used to detect the edge of the momentum deficit region in the wake. Moreover imposing mass conservation yields the most accurate drag measurements. The drag estimation has little dependence upon the spatial resolution of the measurement as long as the interrogation window size stays within 5% to 25% of the equivalent diameter of the object cross section. Experiments are conducted in a sport-hall, where the aerodynamic drag estimates from the RoF are compared to a conventional torque power meter installed on the bicycle, and different rider's postures as well as equipment variations are considered. Although the discrepancy in the absolute value of drag can be as high as 20%, power metering and RoF agree within 4% on relative drag variations.","Cycling aerodynamics; Helium filled soap bubbles; Large-scale PIV; On-site aerodynamic measurements; Uncertainty PIV; helium filled soap bubbles; large-scale PIV; uncertainty PIV; cycling aerodynamics; on-site aerodynamic measurements","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","Flow Physics and Technology","Aerodynamics","","",""
"uuid:2cebd691-c042-4d48-89de-26db6a0b8588","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:2cebd691-c042-4d48-89de-26db6a0b8588","EHealth WhatsApp for social support: Design lessons","Simons, L.P.A. (TU Delft Interactive Intelligence); van den Heuvel, Wouter A.C. (Health Coach Programma); Jonker, C.M. (TU Delft Interactive Intelligence)","","2020","WhatsApp was evaluated as group support tool for a high impact healthy lifestyle intervention, with 11 young professionals. Users valued the WhatsApp group as an attractive social support addition to the existing eTools and personal coaching. Based on preliminary results: 1) the WhatsApp group generated higher participation than most other social media; 2) deploying social media use motives; 3) possibly due to the relatively high 'presence' and 'engagement' attributes of WhatsApp; 4) contributing to healthy behaviours and health advocacy. Peer coaching was confirmed as promising. However, participation declined after the initial weeks. A design lesson was that users wanted more support for community forming. Several improvement suggestions are provided.","Blended care; Efficacy; EHealth; Healthy lifestyle; Motivation; Peer coaching; Service design; Social media; Social support; WhatsApp group; Work site health","en","journal article","","","","","","Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.","","2021-12-06","","","Interactive Intelligence","","",""
"uuid:568e97f3-f7f2-4834-b818-ed0ca37646e2","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:568e97f3-f7f2-4834-b818-ed0ca37646e2","Ground characterisation for PISA pile testing and analysis","Zdravkovic, Lidija (Imperial College London); Jardine, Richard J. (Imperial College London); Taborda, David M.G. (Imperial College London); Abadias, David (Imperial College London); Burd, Harvey J. (University of Oxford); Byrne, Byron W. (University of Oxford); Gavin, Kenneth (TU Delft Geo-engineering); Houlsby, Guy T. (University of Oxford); Igoe, David J.P. (Trinity College Dublin)","","2020","This paper is the first of a set of linked publications on the PISA Joint Industry Research Project, which was concerned with the development of improved design methods for monopile foundations in offshore wind applications. PISA involved large-scale pile tests in overconsolidated glacial till at Cowden, north-east England, and in dense, normally consolidated marine sand at Dunkirk, northern France. The paper presents the characterisation of the two sites, which was crucial to the design of the field experiments and advanced numerical modelling of the pile-soil interactions. The studies described, which had to be completed at an early stage of the PISA project, added new laboratory and field campaigns to historic investigations at both sites. They enabled an accurate description of soil behaviour from small strains to ultimate states to be derived, allowing analyses to be undertaken that captured both the serviceability and limit state behaviour of the test monopiles.","full-scale tests; in situ testing; laboratory tests; piles AND piling; site investigation; soil/structure interaction","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Geo-engineering","","",""
"uuid:efe9ecfe-f647-49db-985b-ed0545c1498b","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:efe9ecfe-f647-49db-985b-ed0545c1498b","Multi-decadal shoreline change in coastal natural world heritage sites: A global assessment","Sabour, Salma (University of Southampton); Brown, Sally (Bournemouth University); Nicholls, Robert J. (University of Southampton; University of East Anglia); Haigh, Ivan D. (University of Southampton); Luijendijk, Arjen (TU Delft Coastal Engineering; Deltares)","","2020","Natural World Heritage Sites (NWHS), which are of Outstanding Universal Value, are increasingly threatened by natural and anthropogenic pressures. This is especially true for coastal NWHS, which are additionally subject to erosion and flooding. This paper assesses shoreline change from 1984 to 2016 within the boundaries of 67 designated sites, providing a first global consistent assessment of its drivers. It develops a transferable methodology utilising new satellite-derived global shoreline datasets, which are classified based on linearity of change against time and compared with global datasets of geomorphology (topography, land cover, coastal type, and lithology), climate variability and sea-level change. Significant shoreline change is observed on 14% of 52 coastal NWHS shorelines that show the largest recessional and accretive trends (means of -3.4 m yr-1 and 3.5 m yr-1, respectively). These rapid shoreline changes are found in low-lying shorelines (<1 m elevation) composed of unconsolidated sediments in vegetated tidal coastal systems (means of -7.7 m yr-1 and 12.5 m yr-1), and vegetated tidal deltas at the mouth of large river systems (means of -6.9 m yr-1 and 11 m yr-1). Extreme shoreline changes occur as a result of redistribution of sediment driven by a combination of geomorphological conditions with (1) specific natural coastal morphodynamics such as opening of inlets (e.g. Río Plátano Biosphere Reserve) or gradients of alongshore sediment transport (e.g. Namib Sea) and (2) direct or indirect human interferences with natural coastal processes such as sand nourishment (e.g. Wadden Sea) and damming of river sediments upstream of a delta (e.g. Danube Delta). The most stable soft coasts are associated with the protection of coral reef ecosystems (e.g. Great Barrier Reef) which may be degraded/destroyed by climate change or human stress in the future. A positive correlation between shoreline retreat and local relative sea-level change was apparent in the Wadden Sea. However, globally, the effects of contemporary sea-level rise are not apparent for coastal NWHS, but it is a major concern for the future reinforcing the shoreline dynamics already being observed due to other drivers. Hence, future assessments of shoreline change need to account for other drivers of coastal change in addition to sea-level rise projections. In conclusion, extreme multi-decadal linear shoreline trends occur in coastal NWHS and are driven primarily by sediment redistribution. Future exacerbation of these trends may affect heritage values and coastal communities. Thus shoreline change should be considered in future management plans where necessary. This approach provides a consistent method to assess NWHS which can be repeated and help steer future management of these important sites.","Accretion; Coastal heritage; Conservation; Erosion; Local and global scales; Multi-decadal; Recession; Sea-level rise; Shoreline change; UNESCO; World natural heritage sites","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Coastal Engineering","","",""
"uuid:ee070561-8a0a-4e09-81aa-013ee7c3fd5d","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:ee070561-8a0a-4e09-81aa-013ee7c3fd5d","Adaptive Strategies for Water Heritage: Past, Present and Future","","Hein, C.M. (editor)","2020","This Open Access book, building on research initiated by scholars from the Leiden-Delft-Erasmus Centre for Global Heritage and Development (CHGD) and ICOMOS Netherlands, presents multidisciplinary research that connects water to heritage. Through twenty-one chapters it explores landscapes, cities, engineering structures and buildings from around the world. It describes how people have actively shaped the course, form and function of water for human settlement and the development of civilizations, establishing socio-economic structures, policies and cultures; a rich world of narratives, laws and practices; and an extensive network of infrastructure, buildings and urban form.
The book is organized in five thematic sections that link practices of the past to the design of the present and visions of the future: part I discusses drinking water management; part II addresses water use in agriculture; part III explores water management for land reclamation and defense; part IV examines river and coastal planning; and part V focuses on port cities and waterfront regeneration.
Today, the many complex systems of the past are necessarily the basis for new systems that both preserve the past and manage water today: policy makers and designers can work together to recognize and build on the traditional knowledge and skills that old structure embody. This book argues that there is a need for a common agenda and an integrated policy that addresses the preservation, transformation and adaptive reuse of historic water-related structures. Throughout, it imagines how such efforts will help us develop sustainable futures for cities, landscapes and bodies of water.","Historic Water-Sites; Planning Heritage; Heritage Policies of Hydrological Landscapes; Water Culture; Water Management and Irrigation Systems; Waterfront Regeneration; Open Access; OA-Fund TU Delft","en","book","Springer","978-3-030-00267-1","","","","","","","","","History, Form & Aesthetics","","",""
"uuid:c04f1489-fa62-46d6-878c-db344a950585","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:c04f1489-fa62-46d6-878c-db344a950585","TerriStories. Literary Tools for Capturing Atmosphere in Architectural Pedagogy","Havik, K.M. (TU Delft Situated Architecture)","","2019","By recognizing the potential of literary language in the description of architectural atmospheres, this contribution aims to confront the shortcomings of conventional pedagogical approaches in architecture that often fail to provide an in-depth understanding of the experiential aspects of place. To contribute to the development of appropriate instruments of analysis and design to read and describe urban atmosphere, this article combines two main insights: first, that it is of crucial importance to investigate site-specific atmospheres to understand how people experience the urban territories they use or inhabit; and second, that it is through literary devices that atmospheres can be read and described. By bringing together these insights, this article aims to propose pedagogical exercises that help students of architecture to develop a better understanding of the experiential aspects of site-specificity. By adding to the conventional tools of architect and planners a set of tools inspired by literature, it hopes to offer students in architecture more appropriate tools to describe, respond to, and produce site-specific atmospheres. It will illustrate the potential of this approach by presenting an example of the use of literary methods in architectural education, in Tampere, Finland.","atmosphere; site-specificity; narrative; architecture; architectural education","mul","journal article","","","","","","Published in the issue 5/2019 Phenomenographies. Describing urban and architectural atmospheres, Edited by Federico de Matteis, Mikkel Bille, Tonino Griffero and Andrea Jelić","","","","","Situated Architecture","","",""
"uuid:cd8c1c4e-9f9e-44f7-8ad1-a9e7708dd9f5","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:cd8c1c4e-9f9e-44f7-8ad1-a9e7708dd9f5","Systematic Transformation Error in the Depth-Average Undrained Shear Strength","van der Krogt, M.G. (TU Delft Hydraulic Structures and Flood Risk); Schweckendiek, T. (TU Delft Hydraulic Structures and Flood Risk)","Ching, Jianye (editor); Li, Dian-Qing (editor); Zhang, Jie (editor)","2019","In this paper we show how to calibrate a site-specific transformation model to measure the undrained shear strength from CPTs. This practically unbiased transformation model can then be used to make a better estimation of the spatial average parameter, such as the depth-average of a soil layer in a homogenous deposit, using less costly indirect measurements. We show that there is a considerable difference in terms of characteristic value and probability density, between the assumptions of entirely random or systematic transformation uncertainty. Ultimately we show what the effect is of making more realistic choices for the random and systematic part in the transformation uncertainty for a case study with actual data.","Site investigation; spatial average; undrained shear strength; transformation error; random error; systematic error","en","conference paper","Research Publishing","","","","","","","","","","Hydraulic Structures and Flood Risk","","",""
"uuid:114ca743-2e0b-41b4-92f3-648e01d26144","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:114ca743-2e0b-41b4-92f3-648e01d26144","A computational workflow to analyse material properties and solar radiation of existing contexts from attribute information of point cloud data","Alkadri, M.F. (TU Delft Design Informatics); Turrin, M. (TU Delft Design Informatics); Sariyildiz, I.S. (TU Delft Design Informatics)","","2019","This paper investigates a prospective application of point cloud data in supporting the contextual analysis of the built environment during the conceptual design process. Often, the complexity of site information causes architects to neglect several relevant properties that may affect environmental performance analysis, especially when dealing with a complex design case. For example, the current approaches of 3D site modelling lack an understanding of the site characteristics of existing environments with respect to either geometrical or material properties. With the advancement of 3D laser scanning technologies, capturing complex information from real contexts offers great possibilities for architects. From geometric and radiometric information stored within point cloud data, this study specifically proposes a novel approach to contextual analysis that considers material aspects and simulates solar radiation in the real environment. In doing so, three computational stages are developed. First, the correction of a raw dataset is designed to not only minimize errors during the scanning process but to also clean the selected dataset. Second, material exploration and the simulation of solar radiation are respectively used to calculate material properties and solar energy in the existing built environment. Third, an integrated environmental simulation aims at identifying materials found in existing areas within a certain level of insolation. As a form of design decision-making support, the present study ultimately generates a computational workflow for analysing the built environment from which architects may conduct a comprehensive analysis of an existing context before initiating design exploration","Attribute information; Material properties; Point cloud data; Site analysis; Solar radiation","en","journal article","","","","","","Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.","","2019-09-30","","","Design Informatics","","",""
"uuid:949b2a91-b3ef-4836-8998-c560e5e884c2","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:949b2a91-b3ef-4836-8998-c560e5e884c2","Input of fully 3D FE soil-structure modelling to the operational analysis of jack-up structures","Pisano, F. (TU Delft Geo-engineering); Schipper, Robbin (Arup Limited, Netherlands); Schreppers, Gerd Jan (TNO)","","2019","Jack-ups are mobile structures widely employed in the offshore industry as drilling rigs or installation/maintenance vessels (e.g. for offshore wind farms). To assure safety at each location, site-specific assessment is required to predict the performance of the unit during installation and operations. The response of jack-ups to environmental loads is highly affected by the interaction between all footings (spudcans) and the underlying soil, an interaction still challenging to describe under general 3D loading. This work emphasises the potential of 3D continuum simulations to capture non-linear soil-structural interaction in jack-up units. An integrated jack-up–spudcans-soil 3D finite element (FE) model is set up by including strain-hardening soil plasticity and geometrical non-linearity (P−Δ effects). After preliminary calibration of soil parameters, the FE model is successfully validated against literature results, namely obtained through (i) small-scale centrifuge experiments and (ii) numerical simulations based on macroelement foundation modelling. The validated FE model is then used to inspect several implications of soil modelling assumptions, as well as the response of the jack-up to relevant 3D loading combinations. The results presented support 3D continuum modelling as a suitable approach to analyse spudcan fixity and, overall, the operational performance of jack-ups. Despite higher conceptual/computational difficulties, fully 3D simulations can valuably complement the insight from (rare) integrated physical modelling, and contribute to the improvement of soil-spudcan macroelement models.","3D finite element modelling; Jack-up; Site-specific assessment; Soil plasticity; Soil-structure interaction; Spudcan","en","journal article","","","","","","","","2020-10-11","","","Geo-engineering","","",""
"uuid:a30f9548-d34e-421c-a6f1-ff79c615566f","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a30f9548-d34e-421c-a6f1-ff79c615566f","Site-specific quasi in situ investigation of primary static recrystallization in a low carbon steel","Diehl, Martin (Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung); Kertsch, Lukas (Fraunhofer Institute for Mechanics of Materials (IWM)); Traka, K. (TU Delft (OLD) MSE-3; Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung); Helm, Dirk (Fraunhofer Institute for Mechanics of Materials (IWM)); Raabe, Dierk (Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung)","","2019","Low-alloyed steels with body-centered cubic crystal structure are a material class that is widely used for sheet metal forming applications. When having an adequate crystallographic texture and microstructure, their mechanical behavior is characterized by an isotropic in-plane flow behavior in combination with a low yield strength. The decisive processing steps for obtaining these beneficial mechanical properties are cold rolling and subsequent annealing. While for the former the number of passes, the deformation rates, and the total thickness reduction are the main processing parameters, the latter is described mainly by the heating rate and the holding temperature and time. Primary static recrystallization during annealing subsequent to the cold rolling process alters mainly two aspects of the material state: It firstly replaces the elongated and heavily deformed grains of the cold rolled microstructure by small, globular grains with low dislocation density and secondly it changes the crystallographic texture insofar as it typically diminishes the α- and strengthens the γ-fiber texture components. In the present work, the recrystallization behavior of a commercial non-alloyed low carbon steel is studied. A quasi in situ setup that enables site-specific characterization is employed to gain a local picture of the nucleation and recrystallization process. From the Kernel Average Misorientation (KAM) values of the deformation structure, the tendency to be consumed by new grains can be predicted. Crystallographic analysis shows that the most deformed regions have either a γ-fiber orientation or belong to heavily fragmented regions. New grains nucleate especially in such highly deformed regions and inherit often the orientation from the deformation microstructure.","DC04 steel; EBSD; In situ; Recrystallization; Site-specific characterization","en","journal article","","","","","","Accepted Author Manuscript","","2021-04-24","","","(OLD) MSE-3","","",""
"uuid:74e04622-3f03-41b0-8283-b81f8787b199","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:74e04622-3f03-41b0-8283-b81f8787b199","Missed Fog?: On the Potential of Obtaining Observations at Increased Resolution During Shallow Fog Events","Izett, J.G. (TU Delft Atmospheric Remote Sensing); Schilperoort, Bart (Student TU Delft); Coenders-Gerrits, Miriam (TU Delft Water Resources); Baas, P. (TU Delft Atmospheric Remote Sensing); Bosveld, Fred C. (Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI)); van de Wiel, B.J.H. (TU Delft Atmospheric Remote Sensing)","","2019","Conventional in situ observations of meteorological variables are restricted to a limited number of levels near the surface, with the lowest observation often made around 1-m height. This can result in missed observations of both shallow fog, and the initial growth stage of thicker fog layers. At the same time, numerical experiments have demonstrated the need for high vertical grid resolution in the near-surface layer to accurately simulate the onset of fog; this requires correspondingly high-resolution observational data for validation. A two-week field campaign was conducted in November 2017 at the Cabauw Experimental Site for Atmospheric Research (CESAR) in the Netherlands. The aim was to observe the growth of shallow fog layers and assess the possibility of obtaining very high-resolution observations near the surface during fog events. Temperature and relative humidity were measured at centimetre resolution in the lowest 7 m using distributed temperature sensing. Further, a novel approach was employed to estimate visibility in the lowest 2.5 m using a camera and an extended light source. These observations were supplemented by the existing conventional sensors at the site, including those along a 200-m tall tower. Comparison between the increased-resolution observations and their conventional counterparts show the errors to be small, giving confidence in the reliability of the techniques. The increased resolution of the observations subsequently allows for detailed investigations of fog growth and evolution. This includes the observation of large temperature inversions in the lowest metre (up to 5 K) and corresponding regions of (super)saturation where the fog formed. Throughout the two-week observation period, fog was observed twice at the conventional sensor height of 2.0 m. Two additional low-visibility events were observed in the lowest 0–0.5 m using the camera-based observations, but were missed by the conventional sensors. The camera observations also showed the growth of shallow radiation fog, forming in the lowest 0.5 m as early as two hours before it was observed at the conventional height of 2 m.","Cabauw site; Distributed temperature sensing; Fog; High-resolution observations; Stable boundary layer","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Atmospheric Remote Sensing","","",""
"uuid:7280fb85-ec00-4e51-b2a5-82f5d986bfe2","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:7280fb85-ec00-4e51-b2a5-82f5d986bfe2","Binding and Catalytic Mechanisms of Veratryl Alcohol Oxidation by Lignin Peroxidase: A Theoretical and Experimental Study","Romero, Jefferson O. (Universidad de Talca, 2 Norte 685); Fernandez Fueyo, E. (TU Delft BN/Greg Bokinsky Lab; CSIC - Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas (CIB)); Avila-Salas, Fabián (Universidad Mayor, Huechuraba); Recabarren, Rodrigo (Universidad de Talca, 2 Norte 685); Alzate-Morales, Jans (Universidad de Talca, 2 Norte 685); Martínez, Angel T. (CSIC - Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas (CIB))","","2019","Lignin peroxidase (LiP) and its natural substrate veratryl alcohol (VA) play a crucial role in lignin degradation by white-rot fungi. Understanding the molecular determinants for the interaction of this enzyme with its substrates is essential in the rational design of engineered peroxidases for biotechnological application. Here, we combine computational and experimental approaches to analyze the interaction of Phanerochaete chrysosporium LiP (isoenzyme H8) with VA and its radical cation (VA•+, resulting from substrate oxidation by the enzyme). Interaction energy calculations at semiempirical quantum mechanical level (SQM) between LiP and VA/VA•+ enabled to identify those residues at the acidic environment of catalytic Trp171 involved in the main interactions. Then, a battery of variants, with single and multiple mutations at these residues (Glu168, Asp165, Glu250, Asp264, and Phe267), was generated by directed mutagenesis, and their kinetics parameters were estimated on VA and two additional substrates. The experimental results show that Glu168 and Glu250 are crucial for the binding of VA, with Glu250 also contributing to the turnover of the enzyme. The experimental results were further rationalized through new calculations of interaction energies between VA/VA•+ and LiP with each of the single mutations. Finally, the delocalization of spin density was determined with quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics calculations (QM/MM), further supporting the contribution of Glu250 to VA oxidation at Trp171.","Interaction energy; Lignin peroxidase; Phanerochaete chrysosporium; QM/MM; Sited-directed mutagenesis; SQM; Veratryl alcohol","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","BN/Greg Bokinsky Lab","","",""
"uuid:9e5de706-0275-46b3-b074-aa291b9247d7","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:9e5de706-0275-46b3-b074-aa291b9247d7","Structure-activity relationships in metal organic framework derived mesoporous nitrogen-doped carbon containing atomically dispersed iron sites for CO2 electrochemical reduction","Sun, X. (TU Delft ChemE/Catalysis Engineering); Wang, R. (TU Delft ChemE/Catalysis Engineering); Ould-Chikh, Samy (King Abdullah University of Science and Technology); Osadchii, D. (TU Delft ChemE/Catalysis Engineering); Li, G. (TU Delft ChemE/Inorganic Systems Engineering; TU Delft ChemE/Catalysis Engineering); Aguilar, Antonio (Université Grenoble Alpes); Hazemann, Jean louis (Université Grenoble Alpes); Kapteijn, F. (TU Delft ChemE/Catalysis Engineering); Gascon, Jorge (TU Delft ChemE/Catalysis Engineering; King Abdullah University of Science and Technology)","","2019","Mesoporous nitrogen-doped carbon nanoparticles with atomically dispersed iron sites (named mesoNC-Fe) are synthesized via high-temperature pyrolysis of an Fe containing ZIF-8 MOF. Hydrolysis of tetramethyl orthosilicate (TMOS) in the MOF framework prior to pyrolysis plays an essential role in maintaining a high surface area during the formation of the carbon structure, impeding the formation of iron (oxide) nanoparticles. To gain inside on the nature of the resulting atomically dispersed Fe moieties, HERFD-XANES, EXAFS and valence-to-core X-ray emission spectroscopies have been used. The experimental spectra (both XAS and XES) combined with theoretical calculations suggest that iron has a coordination sphere including a porphyrinic environment and OH/H2O moieties responsible for the high activity in CO2 electroreduction. DFT calculations demonstrate that CO formation is favored in these structures because the free energy barriers of *COOH formation are decreased and the adsorption of *H is impeded. The combination of such a unique coordination environment with a high surface area in the carbon structure of mesoNC-Fe makes more active sites accessible during catalysis and promotes CO2 electroreduction.","Atomically dispersed sites; CO; Electroreduction; Iron","en","journal article","","","","","","Accepted Author Manuscript","","2021-09-25","","","ChemE/Catalysis Engineering","","",""
"uuid:1951ed83-5bd0-47f3-b38d-1e84f97362c4","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:1951ed83-5bd0-47f3-b38d-1e84f97362c4","Understanding and Reducing False Alarms in Observational Fog Prediction","Izett, J.G. (TU Delft Atmospheric Remote Sensing); van de Wiel, B.J.H. (TU Delft Atmospheric Remote Sensing); Baas, P. (TU Delft Atmospheric Remote Sensing); Bosveld, Fred C. (Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI))","","2018","The reduction in visibility that accompanies fog events presents a hazard to human safety and navigation. However, accurate fog prediction remains elusive, with numerical methods often unable to capture the conditions of fog formation, and observational methods having high false-alarm rates in order to obtain high hit rates of prediction. In this work, 5 years of observations from the Cabauw Experimental Site for Atmospheric Research are used to further investigate how false alarms may be reduced using the statistical method for diagnosing radiation-fog events from observations developed by Menut et al. (Boundary-Layer Meteorol 150:277–297, 2014). The method is assessed for forecast lead times of 1–6 h and implementing four optimization schemes to tune the prediction for different needs, compromising between confidence and risk. Prediction scores improve significantly with decreased lead time, with the possibility of achieving a hit rate of over 90% and a false-alarm rate of just 13%. In total, a further 31 combinations of predictive variables beyond the original combination are explored (including mostly, e.g., variables related to moisture and static stability of the boundary layer). Little change to the prediction scores indicates any appropriate combination of variables that measure saturation, turbulence, and near-surface cooling can be used. The remaining false-alarm periods are manually assessed, identifying the lack of spatio–temporal information (such as the temporal evolution of the local conditions and the advective history of the airmass) as the ultimate limiting factor in the methodology’s predictive capabilities. Future observational studies are recommended that investigate the near-surface evolution of fog and the role of non-local heterogeneity on fog formation.","Cabauw site; False alarms; Fog forecasting; Observations of fog; Radiation fog","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Atmospheric Remote Sensing","","",""
"uuid:48a70ee6-09e6-4c10-bef7-eb660bf2a065","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:48a70ee6-09e6-4c10-bef7-eb660bf2a065","Mitigation potential of sanitation infrastructure on groundwater contamination by nitrate in maputo","Marques Arsenio, A. (TU Delft Sanitary Engineering; Eduardo Mondlane University); Salim, Iana Câmara (Universiteit Leiden); Hu, Mingming (Universiteit Leiden); Matsinhe, Nelson Pedro (Eduardo Mondlane University); Scheidegger, Ruth (Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology); Rietveld, L.C. (TU Delft Sanitary Engineering)","","2018","In Maputo, the capital of Mozambique, nitrate concentrations above 250 mg L??1 in groundwater have been reported. This happens due to the widespread use of latrines and septic tanks that allow for constant infiltration of its content into the soil and eventually to groundwater sources, a situation that is widespread in the Global South and represents a serious threat for human health and for the environment. This is a reflection of limited access to safe and adequate sanitation services, which the local authorities have set to improve in the forthcoming decades with a recently commissioned city-wide sanitation masterplan serving as a basis for the works. In this article, we aimed at understanding whether the infrastructure projected in the masterplan would lead to a reduction of nitrogen reaching groundwater. Currently, according to our calculations, almost 500 onnes of nitrogen reach the city's groundwater sources each year, with the masterplan potentially resulting in a 14% reduction, a small reduction due to its reliance on maintaining and expanding fecal sludge services, without considering investments to improve domestic systems (e.g., construction of contained systems). An alternative, not presented in the Masterplan and put forward by the authors, could be the construction of simplified sewers in two of the city's most densely populated neighborhoods, with a potential 29% reduction in nitrogen reaching groundwater.","Contamination; Decision support; Fecal sludge; Groundwater; Material flow analysis; Nitrate; On-site sanitation; Sewer infrastructure; OA-Fund TU Delft","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Sanitary Engineering","","",""
"uuid:c85c963b-9dbe-403c-9a0e-1862695987ab","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:c85c963b-9dbe-403c-9a0e-1862695987ab","The Genetic Makeup and Expression of the Glycolytic and Fermentative Pathways Are Highly Conserved Within the Saccharomyces Genus","Boonekamp, F.J. (TU Delft BT/Industriele Microbiologie); Dashko, S. (TU Delft BT/Industriele Microbiologie); van den Broek, M.A. (TU Delft BT/Industriele Microbiologie); Gehrmann, T. (Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute); Daran, J.G. (TU Delft BT/Industriele Microbiologie); Daran-Lapujade, P.A.S. (TU Delft BT/Industriele Microbiologie)","","2018","The ability of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae to convert glucose, even in the presence of oxygen, via glycolysis and the fermentative pathway to ethanol has played an important role in its domestication. Despite the extensive knowledge on these pathways in S. cerevisiae, relatively little is known about their genetic makeup in other industrially relevant Saccharomyces yeast species. In this study we explore the diversity of the glycolytic and fermentative pathways within the Saccharomyces genus using S. cerevisiae, Saccharomyces kudriavzevii, and Saccharomyces eubayanus as paradigms. Sequencing data revealed a highly conserved genetic makeup of the glycolytic and fermentative pathways in the three species in terms of number of paralogous genes. Although promoter regions were less conserved between the three species as compared to coding sequences, binding sites for Rap1, Gcr1 and Abf1, main transcriptional regulators of glycolytic and fermentative genes, were highly conserved. Transcriptome profiling of these three strains grown in aerobic batch cultivation in chemically defined medium with glucose as carbon source, revealed a remarkably similar expression of the glycolytic and fermentative genes across species, and the conserved classification of genes into major and minor paralogs. Furthermore, transplantation of the promoters of major paralogs of S. kudriavzevii and S. eubayanus into S. cerevisiae demonstrated not only the transferability of these promoters, but also the similarity of their strength and response to various environmental stimuli. The relatively low homology of S. kudriavzevii and S. eubayanus promoters to their S. cerevisiae relatives makes them very attractive alternatives for strain construction in S. cerevisiae, thereby expanding the S. cerevisiae molecular toolbox.","glycolysis; promoter characterization; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Saccharomyces kudriavzevii; Saccharomyces eubayanus; transcription factor binding sites","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","BT/Industriele Microbiologie","","",""
"uuid:45f8e12e-5d80-446d-9a97-7cac403fe1b1","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:45f8e12e-5d80-446d-9a97-7cac403fe1b1","Deactivation kinetics of solid acid catalyst with laterally interacting protons","Sengar, A. (Eindhoven University of Technology); Van Santen, Rutger A. (Eindhoven University of Technology); Steur, E. (TU Delft Team Bart De Schutter; Eindhoven University of Technology); Kuipers, J.A.M. (Eindhoven University of Technology); Padding, J.T. (TU Delft Intensified Reaction and Separation Systems)","","2018","","alkylation catalysis; solid acid catalysis; catalyst deactivation; laterally interacting protons; kinetics simulations; nonlinear dynamics; site percolation","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Team Bart De Schutter","","",""
"uuid:62c775d8-f211-4faa-810b-9a397bf21e0d","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:62c775d8-f211-4faa-810b-9a397bf21e0d","On-site wind powered hydrogen refuelling stations: From national level to a case study in Germany","Chrysochoidis-Antsos, N. (TU Delft Energy Technology); Liu, Changzhi (Student TU Delft); van Wijk, A.J.M. (TU Delft Energy Technology)","Rosa, Felipe (editor); Gabbar, Hossam A. (editor); Lotfi, Mohamed (editor)","2018","Hydrogen refueling stations are an important part of the infrastructural development that should be developed in order to realize a 100% sustainable economy for the future. Most of the refueling stations are located within urban areas but there are many located outside urban areas or in remote areas. Hydrogen could either be transported to these sites or being locally produced with integrated sustainable energy systems. In this study the potential number for wind powered hydrogen refueling stations using GIS is determined. Furthermore the amount of hydrogen that could be produced and used is determined via energy system simulation. Finally the hydrogen production and dispensing costs are calculated.","Case study; GIS data; Hydrogen refueling stations; On-site hydrogen production; System Integration; Wind Turbines","en","conference paper","IEEE","","","","","Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.","","2019-03-18","","","Energy Technology","","",""
"uuid:5b93828d-4adb-4e58-9c93-4f5d0fc8017f","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:5b93828d-4adb-4e58-9c93-4f5d0fc8017f","The Nature and Catalytic Function of Cation Sites in Zeolites: a Computational Perspective","Li, G. (TU Delft ChemE/Catalysis Engineering); Pidko, E.A. (TU Delft ChemE/Inorganic Systems Engineering; ITMO University)","","2018","Zeolites have a broad spectrum of applications as robust microporous catalysts for various chemical transformations. The reactivity of zeolite catalysts can be tailored by introducing heteroatoms either into the framework or at the extraframework positions that gives rise to the formation of versatile Brønsted acid, Lewis acid and redox-active catalytic sites. Understanding the nature and catalytic role of such sites is crucial for guiding the design of new and improved zeolite-based catalysts. This work presents an overview of recent computational studies devoted to unravelling the molecular level details of catalytic transformations inside the zeolite pores. The role of modern computational chemistry in addressing the structural problem in zeolite catalysis, understanding reaction mechanisms and establishing structure-activity relations is discussed. Special attention is devoted to such mechanistic phenomena as active site cooperativity, multifunctional catalysis as well as confinement-induced and multisite reactivity commonly encountered in zeolite catalysis.","Active site cooperativity; Brønsted acid site; Computational modelling; Heterogeneous catalysis; Lewis acid site","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","ChemE/Catalysis Engineering","","",""
"uuid:a91911f2-a350-4113-bee1-a67401beac50","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a91911f2-a350-4113-bee1-a67401beac50","Uncertainty in spatial average undrained shear strength with a site-specific transformation model","van der Krogt, M.G. (TU Delft Hydraulic Structures and Flood Risk; Deltares); Schweckendiek, T. (TU Delft Hydraulic Structures and Flood Risk; Deltares); Kok, M. (TU Delft Hydraulic Structures and Flood Risk)","","2018","Transformation models are used to infer geotechnical properties from indirect measurements. A site-specific transformation model can be calibrated with direct and indirect measurements from a site. When such a model is used, then spatial variability, measurement errors and statistical uncertainty propagate into the uncertainty of the spatial average, which is the variable of interest in most geotechnical analyses. This research shows how all components enter the total uncertainty of a transformation model for undrained shear strength from cone resistance. A method is proposed to estimate the uncertainty in the spatial average undrained shear strength, particularly focusing on the role of averaging of all spatially variable error components. The main finding is that if a considerable share of the measurement and transformation errors is random or spatially variable, the uncertainty estimates can be considerably lower compared to methods proposed earlier, and hence, characteristic values can be considerably higher.","geotechnical variability; measurement error; Site investigation; spatial average; statistical uncertainty; transformation model; undrained shear strength","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Hydraulic Structures and Flood Risk","","",""
"uuid:9785c90d-8153-4a90-abd4-68f1edf43bf1","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:9785c90d-8153-4a90-abd4-68f1edf43bf1","Unlocking Interstices: Multiple lenses enriching the participatory design of urban leftover spaces","Luo, S. (TU Delft OLD Methods & Analysis); de Wit, S.I. (TU Delft Landscape Architecture)","Delarue, S. (editor); Dufour, R. (editor)","2018","Opening leftover spaces for the participation of local initiatives is prevalent in current urban design practice. While these cases reanimate the vacant land for diverse public appropriation, little attention is paid to the inherent qualities of each site. As terrain vague in the urban territory and as ‘intervals’ of urban transformation, leftover spaces can be valued for their indeterminacy that allows co-existence and open interpretation. From this perspective we might question if a design that simply transforms a leftover space according to a single social perspective, is truly responding to the space’s potential. In this article we plea for understanding multiple qualities of leftover spaces in their interstitialness, before the entering of the design. It is from such a mindset that the design could engage the continuity of the place, and initiate a transformation that accommodates, orchestrates and encourages what is embedded in the existing. Specifically, we propose four lenses: the morphological, social, ecological and material lens. The four lenses will be illustrated by a temporary urban vegetable garden PROEFTuin (Delft, NL), implying what might be overlooked in its design transformation. In the end we will discuss how this approach could open up for the participation of leftover spaces: by juxtaposing different lenses, the design invites the potential use while simultaneously triggers the perception and imagination of the place. It is because of this a bond with the place is nurtured and the continuous appropriation of the site could take place.","Leftover space; interstice; site specific; design transformation; participation design","en","conference paper","Universiteit Gent","","","","","","","","","","OLD Methods & Analysis","","",""
"uuid:466fe871-521a-4e5e-a4e4-ade348a33d87","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:466fe871-521a-4e5e-a4e4-ade348a33d87","Modelling and simulating time use of site workers with 4D BIM","Vrijhoef, R. (TU Delft Design & Construction Management; Hogeschool Utrecht); Dijkstra, Jan Tjerk (Student TU Delft); Koutamanis, A. (TU Delft Design & Construction Management)","Gonzalez, Vicente (editor)","2018","This paper presents a research endeavouring to model site work in a 4D BIM model. Next simulations are performed with this model in 5 scenarios including specific interventions in work organisation, notably changing positons of facilities for site workers. A case study has been done in a construction project in the Netherlands. The research has showed the possibility to model time use of site workers in 4D BIM. Next the research has showed potential to perform and calculate specific interventions in the model, and prospect realistic changes in productive time use as a result.","BIM; time use; simulation; site work; labour optimisation","en","conference paper","IGLC (International Group for Lean Construction)","","","","","","","","","","Design & Construction Management","","",""
"uuid:ac0637da-d659-4b53-bd82-653ca6f884fe","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:ac0637da-d659-4b53-bd82-653ca6f884fe","An assessment of the Ring of Fire approach for indoor and outdoor on-site sports aerodynamic investigation","Spoelstra, A.M.C.M.G. (TU Delft Aerodynamics); de Martino Norante, Luigi (Student TU Delft); Terra, W. (TU Delft Aerodynamics); Sciacchitano, A. (TU Delft Aerodynamics); Scarano, F. (TU Delft Flow Physics and Technology; TU Delft Aerodynamics)","","2018","A procedure is proposed to reconstruct the instantaneous velocity field from full particle trajectories in a data assimilation framework that includes the vorticity transport equation. The technique is christened as time-segment assimilation (TSA). The work addresses the common problem of low seeding concentration in 3D experiments, usuallThe Ring of Fire measurement system is deployed for the measurement of the aerodynamic drag of transiting cyclists. The drag force is evaluated using large-scale stereoscopic PIV and invoking the conservation of momentum within a control volume in a frame of reference moving with the athlete. Two experiments are carried out that yield the cyclist aerodynamic drag in time-trial and upright position in indoor and outdoor conditions. The rider cycles at a velocity of approximately 5 m/s and 8 m/s for respectively the indoor and outdoor experiment, corresponding to a torso based Reynolds number of 2.1 × 105 and 3.2 × 105. The indoor measurements are conducted at a rate of 8 Hz within a measurement plane of approximately 1.8 × 2.4 m2. The outdoor measurements are conducted at a rate of 2000 Hz within a measurement plane of approximately 1.8 × 1.8 m2. Neutrally buoyant helium-filled soap bubbles are used as flow tracers. Despite the fact that two different cyclists and two different bikes were used and that the local angle of attack of the body was different, the streamwise velocity and vorticity fields compare well between both experiments and to literature. Results from both experiments show the same peak momentum deficit as well as the same main and secondary vortices. A clear distinction in upright vs. time-trial ensemble–averaged drag area is found for both experiments. Furthermore, the indoor experiment shows it is possible to distinguish smaller variations in the drag area between two postures, namely between a time-trial asymmetric and symmetric configuration. Small drag differences (≈ 5%) with less than twenty samples per case are detected. y leading to limited spatial resolution. In the present study the measurement fidelity and spatial resolution are increased by considering finite time-segments as a whole for instantaneous velocity reconstruction. The use of a time-segment for velocity field reconstruction from measurement data extends previously proposed data assimilation techniques that consider only instantaneous measurement data (e.g. VIC+ and FlowFit), to use finite measurement time-segments. The assessment with sinusoids indicates lower errors due to modulation. However, the appearance of a range of amplified peaks is not fully understood. In the case of a simulated turbulent boundary layer measurement more vortical structures are recovered when a longer time-segment is used for the velocity field reconstruction.","Large-scale PIV; HFSB; on-site; sports aerodynamics","en","conference paper","","","","","","","","","","Flow Physics and Technology","Aerodynamics","","",""
"uuid:68684fcb-7995-44f5-b4e7-f684860ac75f","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:68684fcb-7995-44f5-b4e7-f684860ac75f","On the use of full particle trajectories and vorticity transport for dense velocity field reconstruction","Schneiders, J.F.G. (TU Delft Aerodynamics); Scarano, F. (TU Delft Flow Physics and Technology; TU Delft Aerodynamics)","","2018","A procedure is proposed to reconstruct the instantaneous velocity field from full particle trajectories in a data assimilation framework that includes the vorticity transport equation. The technique is christened as time-segment assimilation (TSA). The work addresses the common problem of low seeding concentration in 3D experiments, usually leading to limited spatial resolution. In the present study the measurement fidelity and spatial resolution are increased by considering finite time-segments as a whole for instantaneous velocity reconstruction. The use of a time-segment for velocity field reconstruction from measurement data extends previously proposed data assimilation techniques that consider only instantaneous measurement data (e.g. VIC+ and FlowFit), to use finite measurement time-segments. The assessment with sinusoids indicates lower errors due to modulation. However, the appearance of a range of amplified peaks is not fully understood. In the case of a simulated turbulent boundary layer measurement more vortical structures are recovered when a longer time-segment is used for the velocity field reconstruction.","Large-scale PIV; HFSB; on-site; sports aerodynamics","en","conference paper","","","","","","","","","","Flow Physics and Technology","Aerodynamics","","",""
"uuid:a856dcec-96ef-40b0-af34-b5a15b508300","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a856dcec-96ef-40b0-af34-b5a15b508300","Modelling uncertainty in t-RANS simulations of thermally stratified forest canopy flows for wind energy studies","Desmond, Cian J. (University College Cork); Watson, S.J. (TU Delft Wind Energy); Montavon, Christiane (DNV-GL); Murphy, Jimmy (University College Cork)","","2018","The flow over densely forested terrain under neutral and non-neutral conditions is considered using commercially available computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software. Results are validated against data from a site in Northeastern France. It is shown that the effects of both neutral and stable atmospheric stratifications can be modelled numerically using state of the art methodologies whilst unstable stratifications will require further consideration. The sensitivity of the numerical model to parameters such as canopy height and canopy density is assessed and it is shown that atmospheric stability is the prevailing source of modelling uncertainty for the study.","Canopy; Computational fluid dynamics (CFD); Forest; Non-neutral; Site assessment; Vaudeville-le-Haut; Wind energy","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Wind Energy","","",""
"uuid:d237cc84-ea24-4020-a7bb-f4c9944c6616","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:d237cc84-ea24-4020-a7bb-f4c9944c6616","Improving olefin purification using metal organic frameworks with open metal sites","Luna-Triguero, A. (University Pablo de Olavide); Vicent Luna, J.M. (University Pablo de Olavide); Poursaeidesfahani, A. (TU Delft Engineering Thermodynamics); Vlugt, T.J.H. (TU Delft Engineering Thermodynamics); Sánchez-De-Armas, R. (University Pablo de Olavide); Gómez-Álvarez, P. (University Pablo de Olavide; Universidad de Huelva); Calero, S. (University Pablo de Olavide)","","2018","The separation and purification of light hydrocarbons is challenging in the industry. Recently, a ZJNU-30 metal-organic framework (MOF) has been found to have the potential for adsorption-based separation of olefins and diolefins with four carbon atoms [H. M. Liu et al. Chem. - Eur. J. 2016, 22, 14988-14997]. Our study corroborates this finding but reveals Fe-MOF-74 as a more efficient candidate for the separation because of the open metal sites. We performed adsorption-based separation, transient breakthrough curves, and density functional theory calculations. This combination of techniques provides an extensive understanding of the studied system. Using this MOF, we propose a separation scheme to obtain a high-purity product.","breakthrough curves; butene isomers; coordinatively unsaturated sites; molecular simulation; separation process","en","journal article","","","","","","Accepted Author Manuscript","","2019-04-19","","","Engineering Thermodynamics","","",""
"uuid:d6dea979-4ea6-4fd3-aabb-cc01e619dc0c","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:d6dea979-4ea6-4fd3-aabb-cc01e619dc0c","IOPM 2017 - PIN(K) A PLACE: Result Elective - Landscape Architecture ON site, being part of Oerol 2017","Piccinini, D. (TU Delft Landscape Architecture); van der Velde, J.R.T. (TU Delft Landscape Architecture)","","2017","This booklet shows the results of a project developed at the TU Delft in a Master elective course offered by the chair of Landscape Architecture: Landscape Architecture ON site. The project revolves around the realization of a temporary, interactive ‘design-and-build’ project in a landscape setting, for the yearly Oerol festival held on the island of Terschelling in June each year. Students research, conceptualize and construct an installation to be visited by festival public.
The project combines specific landscape conditions of a site with the interaction of visitors and the dynamics of onsite construction, exploring the role of spatial designers in situated, interactive projects.
Students: Bella Bluemink, Eva Ventura, Eva Willemsen, Federica Sanchez, Ge Hong, Ilya Tasioula, Jan Gerk de Beer, Joey Liang, Lukas Kropp, Maël Vanhelsuwé, IVIax Einerf IVlichelle Siemerink, Qingyun Lin, Timothy Radhitya Djagiri.Yao Lu.
Tutors chair of Landscape Architecture: D.Piccinini and R.van der Velde","Landscape Architecture; On Site; art; interation; place; perception","en","book","Delft University of Technology","","","","","","","","","","Landscape Architecture","","",""
"uuid:fd960d3f-0421-4e7c-a19f-02020269391f","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:fd960d3f-0421-4e7c-a19f-02020269391f","Influence of institutional arrangements on on-site recycling and reuse practices of C&D waste","Ram, V.G.; Kalidindi, Satyanarayana; Nanduru, Harish Krishna","","2017","Construction and demolition activities generate a large quantity of C&D waste. It is estimated that almost 70% of the buildings that are expected to stand in India by 2030 are yet to be built. Hence, C&D waste generation is expected to grow larger in the coming years and managing it would play a vital role in the conservation of natural resources. However, a major portion of C&D waste in India is generally dumped in landfills or unauthorised places causing considerable ecological damage. In the recent years, there is a considerable amount of heterogeneity in the C&D waste being generated in India. The practice of on-site waste sorting has been reported to enhance resource reuse and recycling efficiency in the literature. Several barriers to on-site waste sorting such as lack of site space, lack of management effort, increased labour and cost, interference with other site activities, market for recyclables and negative stakeholders’ attitudes have also been reported. Anecdotal evidences suggest that appropriate regulations might lead to changes in the stakeholders’ practices. However, a good understanding of stakeholders’ decision making is essential to design the kind of incentives to facilitate the transition in the behaviour towards on-site waste recycling and reuse. As a part of this paper, redevelopment projects in two different cities having different institutional arrangements have been studied. In case A, the waste generator is mandated to dispose C&D waste generated in authorised places but a specific incentive to perform on-site sorting, recycling and reuse is absent. In case B, there is a strict regulation mandating the contractor to enhance resource reuse and recycling on-site. Interviews of top management and project managers were conducted to identify the management practices and to understand their rationale behind decision-making regarding managing waste on-site. Top management commitment was found to be crucial in bringing changes in the practices adopted by respective organisation as observed in both case studies. Refusal to give building approvals or commencement certificates by the Government authorities without an elaborate waste management plan for enhanced reuse and recycling has also been found to be effective in bringing about a change towards on-site waste sorting and recycling. Several other insights gathered regarding on-site reuse practices and implications for designing appropriate incentives have been discussed.","Construction waste; On-site recycling; Reuse; Regulation; Case study","en","conference paper","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:da383c25-7dbd-4359-91b9-25a83a2bd233","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:da383c25-7dbd-4359-91b9-25a83a2bd233","The French National Project Recybéton, to bring the concrete world into circular economy","de Larrard, F.; Colina, H.","","2017","France is currently producing about 17 Mt/year of demolished concrete, most of this material being used in road subbase courses or embankments. However, this flow should increase in the near future, although less and less new roads are to be built. Another 20 Mt of mixed demolition materials, a good part of it being concrete or natural rock is also available. Therefore there is a duty both for the society and the planet to make the best use of this resource, in order to preserve the natural resource and to avoid waste material landfill. Based on this reality, a national project, partially sponsored by the Ministry of Ecology, was set in 2012, gathering 47 partners among which representatives of all construction stakeholders. The paper aims at presenting the main outputs of the project, which will produce various deliverables: a scientific book (to be published), a guide (under preparation), a number of proposals to adapt standards and regulations, and, last but not least, five experimental constructions, including a parking lot, a bridge, various buildings and industrial constructions.","recylcing; recycled concrete; recycled concrete aggregate; national project; experimental construction site","en","conference paper","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:1d173cd2-8a25-468d-8d81-b76e70f8e51d","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:1d173cd2-8a25-468d-8d81-b76e70f8e51d","Innovative waste management practices on construction sites in Brussels: Lessons learned from pilots","Romnée, A.; Vrijders, J.","","2017","In recent years, waste prevention and management have gained importance due to the economic and environmental impact of waste on construction sites. Although some innovative practices have already been experimentally put in practice, it remains difficult to apply them in densely built regions due to lack of space and time, and lack of knowledge regarding quantities produced and new solutions. In order to improve the knowledge of the construction sector on waste management and to improve the environmental impact of construction works, several innovative practices, focusing on prevention and waste management, have been implemented and validated on ten pilot construction sites in Brussels. For each of the pilot projects, an estimation of the amount and type of waste arising has been made, before the beginning of the construction works, in order to establish an economical and environmental optimized waste management scenario to be applied on site. Based on the quantities, several innovative approaches were implemented by contractors in collaboration with the supply chain actors of the construction site (waste collectors, material suppliers, material producers, architects and clients): the commitment of social economy enterprises to the sorting out and collection of waste on site ; the quantification and monitoring of arising waste ; the industrial symbiosis between contractors and other local economic actors; the reuse of materials salvaged on site ; specific recovery channels for closed-loop recycling. The paper describes the lessons learned from the experiments of these innovative practices and highlights on the conditions that need to be fulfilled in order to repeat the good practices on other construction sites. These pilot construction sites show that innovative waste management practices can provide large practical, economic and environmental advantages.","innovative practices; waste management; pilot projects; construction sites; circular economy","en","conference paper","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:e786ee1f-8fea-4ef2-a67b-08fad87ae0f1","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:e786ee1f-8fea-4ef2-a67b-08fad87ae0f1","Multiple-site damage crack growth behaviour in Fibre Metal Laminate structures","Wang, W. (TU Delft Structural Integrity & Composites)","Benedictus, R. (promotor); Rans, C.D. (copromotor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2017","Fibre metal laminates (FMLs)were developed and refined for their superior crack growth resistance and critical damage size that complimented the damage tolerance design philosophy utilized in the aerospace sector. Robust damage tolerance tools have been developed for FMLs. However, they tend to focus on the evolution of an isolated crack. There is also a risk that they will be invalidated overtime as a result of the occurrence of multiple cracks within one structure (one form of widespread fatigue damage). To combat another failure due to widespread fatigue damage, the airworthiness regulations were revised to include the concept of a Limit of Validity (LOV) of the damage tolerance analyses. Consequently, it is crucial to examine fatigue crack growth (FCG) in FMLs containing Multiple-site Damage (MSD) cracks despite their superior damage tolerance merits. The focus of this thesis therefore is to analyse MSD crack growth in FML structures. Mechanically fastened FML joints are potentially weak structural designs that are susceptible to MSD due to the stress rising contributors such as secondary bending, pin loading and open holes subjected to bypass loading. In this thesis, predictive models were developed to address several key mechanisms that affect FCG in FML joints containing MSD, and validated with corresponding experimental work. Then the predictive models were systematically integrated and implemented for FML joints. It was identified that the nature of fatigue in FMLs led to the load redistribution mechanism as the key factor to be modelled in predicting MSD growth in FMLs. The structural stiffness reductions caused by the presence of multiple cracks resulted in load redistribution from the other cracks to the single crack to be analysed, exacerbating the total stress intensity factor (SIF) experienced at the tips of the single crack, increasing the crack growth rate (CGR). The load redistribution mechanism was first substantiated by investigating FCG in FMLs containing discretely notched layers. The prediction model fairly captured the load redistribution mechanism by idealizing the notches in the metal layers as removals of metal strips. The crack acceleration over a major portion of the crack propagation was well predicted with the model; however, the surge in CGR over roughly 3 mm crack length prior to the link-up was underestimated since the plasticity interaction was not accounted for. The capability of modelling the load redistribution mechanism allows the states of multiple cracks to be analysed one by one. It was found that the load redistribution could not be symmetric for every crack and non-symmetric crack configurations therefore developed in FMLs with finite width. Hence, non-symmetric crack growth in FMLs was also investigated in this work. It was also found that both crack tip non-symmetry and delamination shape non-symmetry affected the crack growth in the metal layers. The model for non-symmetric crack growth in FMLs was validated with experimental data. Good correlation was observed. The model for MSD growth in FML panels sequentially analyses each crack state. The other cracks are idealized as removals of metal strips when analyzing the state of a single crack. This non-physical idealization of the cracks led to consistently conservative prediction results in comparison with the test data. Nevertheless, the prediction model provided good predictions of the evolution of MSD configurations. Additionally, it was proven that a very non-conservative predicted fatigue life could be obtained if the load redistribution mechanism was not considered. The effects of pin loading on FCG in FMLs were also investigated. The test data showed very rapid growth of the crack in the vicinity of the pin loading. The CGR decreased with increasing crack length. The model applied the principle of superposition to split the non-symmetric tension-pin loading into simpler tensile loading and a pair of point loads acting on the crack flanks. The SIFs for the simpler loading cases were derived and superposed to obtain the total SIF as a result of the tension-pin loading. The predicted CGR and equivalent delamination shape correlated with the measurements very well, but the model failed to predict the crack path and the measured delamination shape which were trivial issues for this work. The relevance and applicability of the developed models in this thesis for predicting the MSD behaviour in mechanically fastened FML joints was examined. The predicted results captured the trends of the measured CGR in FML joints containing MSD cracks, although there were some discrepancies. The discrepancies are mainly due to the two major shortcomings of the model which are neglecting the load redistribution over multiple fastener rows and neglecting the effects of secondary bending stresses.","Fatigue Crack Growth; fibre metal laminates; Multiple site damage; load redistribution","en","doctoral thesis","","978-94-6295-642-1","","","","","","","","","Structural Integrity & Composites","","",""
"uuid:521fbcf2-28d7-4cf2-b269-1cea2db3bd2c","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:521fbcf2-28d7-4cf2-b269-1cea2db3bd2c","An integrated shear-wave velocity model for the Groningen gas field, The Netherlands","Kruiver, Pauline P. (Deltares); van Dedem, Ewoud (Shell Global Solutions International B.V.); Romijn, Remco (Nederlandse Aardolie Maatschappij B.V.); de Lange, Ger (Deltares); Korff, M. (TU Delft Geo-engineering; Deltares); Stafleu, Jan (TNO); Gunnink, Jan L. (TNO); Rodriguez-Marek, Adrian (Virginia Tech); Bommer, Julian J. (Imperial College London); van Elk, Jan (Nederlandse Aardolie Maatschappij B.V.); Doornhof, Dirk (Nederlandse Aardolie Maatschappij B.V.)","","2017","A regional shear-wave velocity (VS) model has been developed for the Groningen gas field in the Netherlands as the basis for seismic microzonation of an area of more than 1000 km2. The VS model, extending to a depth of almost 1 km, is an essential input to the modelling of hazard and risk due to induced earthquakes in the region. The detailed VS profiles are constructed from a novel combination of three data sets covering different, partially overlapping depth ranges. The uppermost 50 m of the VS profiles are obtained from a high-resolution geological model with representative VS values assigned to the sediments. Field measurements of VS were used to derive representative VS values for the different types of sediments. The profiles from 50 to 120 m are obtained from inversion of surface waves recorded (as noise) during deep seismic reflection profiling of the gas reservoir. The deepest part of the profiles is obtained from sonic logging and VP–VS relationships based on measurements in deep boreholes. Criteria were established for the splicing of the three portions to generate continuous models over the entire depth range for use in site response calculations, for which an elastic half-space is assumed to exist below a clear stratigraphic boundary and impedance contrast encountered at about 800 m depth. In order to facilitate fully probabilistic site response analyses, a scheme for the randomisation of the VS profiles is implemented.","Geology; Microzonation; Randomisation; Shear-wave velocity; Site response analysis; Surface-wave inversion","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Geo-engineering","","",""
"uuid:0cd6cd5e-b415-47a0-87a9-2be5445ac505","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:0cd6cd5e-b415-47a0-87a9-2be5445ac505","Effective model for olefin/paraffin separation using (Co, Fe, Mn, Ni)-MOF-74","Luna-Triguero, Azahara (University Pablo de Olavide); Vicent Luna, J.M. (University Pablo de Olavide); Becker, T. (TU Delft Engineering Thermodynamics); Vlugt, T.J.H. (TU Delft Engineering Thermodynamics); Dubbeldam, D. (Universiteit van Amsterdam); Gomez-Alvarez, Paula (University Pablo de Olavide); Calero, Sofia (University Pablo de Olavide)","","2017","An increase in demand for energy efficient processes for the separation of saturated and unsaturated light hydrocarbons mixtures drives the need of noncryogenic processes. The adsorptive separation using Metal-Organic Frameworks with coordinatively unsaturated metal sites may provide a cost-effective alternative due to the strong binding of the metal cation with the unsaturated hydrocarbons. Since experiments on adsorption equilibrium of gas mixtures are challenging, we propose classical force field based simulations to analyse the ability of MOF-74 with different metal substitutions for the separation of C2 and C3 olefin/paraffin binary mixtures. We parametrized the force field by fitting to available experimental single-component adsorption isotherms of ethane, ethene, propane, and propene in M–MOF-74 (M=Co, Fe, Mn, and Ni). The force field was validated for a variety of temperatures ranged from 273 K to 353 K. We then conducted Monte Carlo simulations in the Grand-Canonical ensemble to elucidate the adsorption mechanisms of the saturated/unsaturated hydrocarbon mixtures, at 318 K and 353 K. We computed the adsorption isotherms, and from these the adsorption selectivity, and addressed the variations of MOF properties with different metal cations. Fe-based MOF-74 appears the best option for both ethane/ethene and propane/propene separation applications. This finding partly agrees with previous work based on the Ideal Adsorbed Solution Theory.","adsorption; hydrocarbon separation; molecular simulation; open-metal site","en","journal article","","","","","","Accepted Author Manuscript","","2018-01-13","","","Engineering Thermodynamics","","",""
"uuid:f1ba127b-c41e-43fb-a6e2-d2786ed63ffd","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:f1ba127b-c41e-43fb-a6e2-d2786ed63ffd","Modeling 3D-CSIA data: Carbon, chlorine, and hydrogen isotope fractionation during reductive dechlorination of TCE to ethene","van Breukelen, B.M. (TU Delft Sanitary Engineering); Thouement, H.A.A. (TU Delft Sanitary Engineering); Stack, Philip E. (Scotland's Rural College); Vanderford, Mindy (HydroGeoLogic); Philp, Paul (University of Oklahoma); Kuder, Tomasz (University of Oklahoma)","","2017","Reactive transport modeling of multi-element, compound-specific isotope analysis (CSIA) data has great potential to quantify sequential microbial reductive dechlorination (SRD) and alternative pathways such as oxidation, in support of remediation of chlorinated solvents in groundwater. As a key step towards this goal, a model was developed that simulates simultaneous carbon, chlorine, and hydrogen isotope fractionation during SRD of trichloroethene, via cis-1,2-dichloroethene (and trans-DCE as minor pathway), and vinyl chloride to ethene, following Monod kinetics. A simple correction term for individual isotope/isotopologue rates avoided multi-element isotopologue modeling. The model was successfully validated with data from a mixed culture Dehalococcoides microcosm. Simulation of Cl-CSIA required incorporation of secondary kinetic isotope effects (SKIEs). Assuming a limited degree of intramolecular heterogeneity of δ37Cl in TCE decreased the magnitudes of SKIEs required at the non-reacting Cl positions, without compromising the goodness of model fit, whereas a good fit of a model involving intramolecular CCl bond competition required an unlikely degree of intramolecular heterogeneity. Simulation of H-CSIA required SKIEs in H atoms originally present in the reacting compounds, especially for TCE, together with imprints of strongly depleted δ2H during protonation in the products. Scenario modeling illustrates the potential of H-CSIA for source apportionment.","Chlorinated ethenes; Contaminated sites; Natural attenuation; Reactive transport modeling; Reductive dechlorination; Stable isotopes","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Sanitary Engineering","","",""
"uuid:b88303a7-fbde-4ed4-af58-d9ab9a8e772b","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:b88303a7-fbde-4ed4-af58-d9ab9a8e772b","Review of techniques to achieve optical surface cleanliness and their potential application to surgical endoscopes","Kreeft (student), Davey; Arkenbout, E.A. (TU Delft Medical Instruments & Bio-Inspired Technology); Henselmans, P.W.J. (TU Delft Medical Instruments & Bio-Inspired Technology); Van Furth, Wouter R. (Leiden University Medical Center); Breedveld, P. (TU Delft Medical Instruments & Bio-Inspired Technology)","","2017","A clear visualization of the operative field is of critical importance in endoscopic surgery. During surgery the endoscope lens can get fouled by body fluids (eg, blood), ground substance, rinsing fluid, bone dust, or smoke plumes, resulting in visual impairment. As a result, surgeons spend part of the procedure on intermittent cleaning of the endoscope lens. Current cleaning methods that rely on manual wiping or a lens irrigation system are still far from ideal, leading to longer procedure times, dirtying of the surgical site, and reduced visual acuity, potentially reducing patient safety. With the goal of finding a solution to these issues, a literature review was conducted to identify and categorize existing techniques capable of achieving optically clean surfaces, and to show which techniques can potentially be implemented in surgical practice. The review found that the most promising method for achieving surface cleanliness consists of a hybrid solution, namely, that of a hydrophilic or hydrophobic coating on the endoscope lens and the use of the existing lens irrigation system.","biomedical engineering; flexible endoscopy; gynecologic laparoscopy; interventional endoscopy; neurosurgery; NOTES; SILS; single-site surgery","en","review","","","","","","","","","","","Medical Instruments & Bio-Inspired Technology","","",""
"uuid:c4392c9f-c646-4658-a35f-ebb467cbacf1","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:c4392c9f-c646-4658-a35f-ebb467cbacf1","Dynamic risk analysis for Seveso sites","Paltrinieri, Nicola (Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)); Reniers, G.L.L.M.E. (TU Delft Safety and Security Science; ARGoSS; Universiteit Antwerpen; Katholieke Universiteit Leuven)","","2017","The accident that occurred in Seveso in 1976 changed our approach to risk assessment forever. For instance, it led to drafting specific European directives to prevent major accident hazards. Their focus is on industrial sites handling dangerous substances and denominated “Seveso sites”. Their operators have the obligation to provide specific information to the competent authorities, such as safety reports. However, risk analysis studies usually provide a static picture of the site status, while the system constantly evolves or degrades. For this reason, this contribution suggests a dynamic risk analysis approach aiming to continuously calibrate and improve, based on new related evidence and lessons learned. The work suggests focusing on such early deviations to lower the probability of high impact low probability (HILP) events. Three complementary methods may be used to process such information: dynamic hazard identification, dynamic analysis of initiating events, and dynamic analysis of consequences. A representative example of their potential is provided by comparing their capabilities with the causes that led to the Seveso catastrophe. Despite its limitations, Dynamic Risk Analysis represents an opportunity for improved decision-making support and critical risk communication.","Dynamic risk analysis; DyPASI; Hazardous substances; Risk Barometer; Seveso site; Thermal risk index","en","journal article","","","","","","","","2019-07-21","","","Safety and Security Science","","",""
"uuid:50ca72d2-cc07-4cd6-a431-54e95d549fa9","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:50ca72d2-cc07-4cd6-a431-54e95d549fa9","When Game Becomes Life: The Creators and Spectators of Online Game Replays and Live Streaming","Jia, L. (China Agricultural University); Shen, S. (TU Delft Dataintensive Systems; National University of Defense Technology); Epema, D.H.J. (TU Delft Dataintensive Systems); Iosup, A. (TU Delft Dataintensive Systems)","","2016","Online gaming franchises such as World of Tanks, Defense of the Ancients, and StarCraft have attracted hundreds of millions of users who, apart from playing the game, also socialize with each other through gaming and viewing gamecasts. As a form of User Generated Content (UGC), gamecasts play an important role in user entertainment and gamer education. They deserve the attention of both industrial partners and the academic communities, corresponding to the large amount of revenue involved and the interesting research problems associated with UGC sites and social networks. Although previous work has put much effort into analyzing general UGC sites such as YouTube, relatively little is known about the gamecast sharing sites. In this work, we provide the first comprehensive study of gamecast sharing sites, including commercial streaming-based sites such as Amazon's Twitch.tv and community-maintained replay-based sites such as WoTreplays. We collect and share a novel dataset on WoTreplays that includes more than 380,000 game replays, shared by more than 60,000 creators with more than 1.9 million gamers. Together with an earlier published dataset on Twitch.tv, we investigate basic characteristics of gamecast sharing sites, and we analyze the activities of their creators and spectators. Among our results, we find that (i) WoTreplays and Twitch.tv are both fast-consumed repositories, with millions of gamecasts being uploaded, viewed, and soon forgotten; (ii) both the gamecasts and the creators exhibit highly skewed popularity, with a significant heavy tail phenomenon; and (iii) the upload and download preferences of creators and spectators are different: while the creators emphasize their individual skills, the spectators appreciate team-wise tactics. Our findings provide important knowledge for infrastructure and service improvement, for example, in the design of proper resource allocation mechanisms that consider future gamecasting and in the tuning of incentive policies that further help player retention.","Gamecast sharing sites; Online game communities; Popularity dynamics; Repository characteristics; User behaviors","en","journal article","","","","","","Accepted Author Manuscript","","","","","Dataintensive Systems","","",""
"uuid:4391d12a-dd0c-4bcf-b85e-647c494aa294","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:4391d12a-dd0c-4bcf-b85e-647c494aa294","European Diversity: A Building Site Experience","Ruben, P.A.","Chao-Duivis, M.A.B. (contributor); Lang, M. (contributor); Garcés, J. (contributor); Dekker, E. (contributor)","2016","Dutch and French construction law show fundamentally different approaches. This internship report aims to illustrate the impact which legislation has on building site interactions. Part of the research was a 5 week internship for Garcés-de Seta-Bonet, the Catalan architect office awarded with the renovation and partial reconstruction of the Palais de Justice, Strasbourg, France. The report starts with an analysis of the the historic development, present differences and responses to modern challenges. A general introduction to standards of French public projects and a glossary of major technical terms precedes the case study. The latter one discusses specific power distribution, relations of among parties and their respective interests. For instance, a range of standardized processes (e.g. validation of plans, payment) involving different actors is illustrated with documents such as technical drawings. The closing part focusses on contrasting architectural practices by interviewing French, Dutch and Spanish architects. Finally, conclusions about the architect's professions and prospects are drawn on a European level.","construction law; building site; internship; France; The Netherlands; Spain; Strasbourg; Palais de Justice; renovation; heritage","en","report","","","","","","","","","Architecture and The Built Environment","Honours Programme Bachelor","","","","48.588217, 7.747781"
"uuid:9453126e-f606-4044-a8be-b2ab1ffd4d77","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:9453126e-f606-4044-a8be-b2ab1ffd4d77","Using Aristotle’s theory of friendship to classify online friendships: A critical counterview","Kaliarnta, S.","","2016","In a special issue of “Ethics and Information Technology” (September 2012), various philosophers have discussed the notion of online friendship. The preferred framework of analysis was Aristotle’s theory of friendship: it was argued that online friendships face many obstacles that hinder them from ever reaching the highest form of Aristotelian friendship. In this article I aim to offer a different perspective by critically analyzing the arguments these philosophers use against online friendship. I begin by isolating the most common arguments these philosophers use against online friendship and proceed to debunk them one by one by pointing out inconsistencies and fallacies in their arguments and, where needed, offering empirical findings from media and communication studies that offer a more nuanced view on online friendships. I conclude my analysis by questioning the correctness of the application of the Aristotelian theory of friendship by the critics of online friendship: in my view, the critics are applying the Aristotelian theory to online friendships in a rather narrow and limited way. Finally, I conclude my thesis by proposing that in the rapidly changing online landscape, a one-size-fits-all application of the Aristotelian theory on friendship is not sufficient to accurately judge the multitude of relationships that can exist online and that the various positive and valuable elements of online friendships should also be acknowledged and analyzed.","virtue ethics; Aristotle; online friendship; social networking sites; internet; virtual friendship; social media; friendship","en","journal article","Springer","","","","","","","","Technology, Policy and Management","Philosophy Department","","","",""
"uuid:cea6c26d-a17d-4e8f-9a9f-71859143d60c","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:cea6c26d-a17d-4e8f-9a9f-71859143d60c","Banks, Sweat and Shelter in Addis Ababa: Sites and Services in Performance","Mota, Nelson (TU Delft OLD Woningbouw)","","2016","In the 1970s and 1980s the politics of international development aid keenly promoted planned progressive development strategies as the primal method to produce affordable housing for the urban poor. Through this period, the World Bank used the so-called “sites and services” program to encourage staged development, flexibility, and the use of sweat equity in affordable housing production. This program aimed at providing security of tenure and a range of basic services to enable and encourage low-income households to improve their housing through time using self-help financing and/or construction. While reports produced in the 1980s assessed positively the sites and services approach it was abruptly replaced in the late 1980s by the Structural Adjustment Programs (SAPs) policy, inspired by the bourgeoning neoliberal politics. Recently, however, the rationale of the sites and services program is reappearing in many development programs and design strategies.
In this paper I will contend that notwithstanding some methodological innovations brought about by recent instances of planned progressive development strategies such as incremental housing or aided self-help strategies, more research is needed to stimulate a critical integration of formal and informal spatial practices in the design of affordable housing. I will argue that a vital component of this research should be focused on the nexus between design decisions and the performance of human settlements through time. To contribute for the production of knowledge on this topic, I will analyse the Nefas Silk sites and services settlement, a World Bank-funded project with approximately 3500 serviced plots developed in Addis Ababa in the 1980s. Launched in the heyday of the Derg - the socialist regime that overthrew the emperor Haile Selassie in 1974 - the settlement survived many political, social, economic and demographic transformations through the last three decades. With such an eventful history, Nefas Silk provides an excellent case to analyse the performativity of the sites and services approach.
This analysis will draw upon the material collected and the knowledge produced by an on-going research and educational project focused on the topic of affordable housing in the global urban south, developed by the Chair of Architecture and Dwelling at the TU Delft, in partnership with the Ethiopian Institute of Architecture, Building Construction and City Development (EiABC). The product of this research will be complemented with archival documentation retrieved from the World Bank database and recent site observations at Nefas Silk. This material will be used to build up an analytical account of the settlement’s development through time, using a retroactive life-cycle analysis as main research method. With a critical account of the results of this analysis I will single out the potentials and the threats of reconceptualising the sites and services programme to develop new affordable housing policies and support design decision-making processes for all the stakeholders engaged in actively promoting sustainable development in the global urban south.