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Housing policies by young people, not for young people: Experiences from a co-creation project in Amsterdam

Hoekstra, J.S.C.M. (author), Gentili, M. (author)

For young adults on the Amsterdam housing market the accessibility of housing has been decreasing for years, due to soaring house prices and rents, the shrinkage and residualization of the social rental sector, and the precarization of the labor market. Consequently, many young people struggle to secure an affordable and adequate dwelling and...

journal article 2023

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Policy Analysis of Safe Vertical Manoeuvring using Reinforcement Learning: Identifying when to Act and when to stay Idle

Groot, D.J. (author), Ribeiro, M.J. (author), Ellerbroek, Joost (author), Hoekstra, J.M. (author)

The number of unmanned aircraft operating in the airspace is expected to grow exponentially during the next decades. This will likely lead to traffic densities that are higher than those currently observed in civil and general aviation, and might require both a different airspace structure compared to conventional aviation, as well as different...

conference paper 2023

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Addressing Energy Poverty in Social Housing Estates

Croon, T.M. (author), Hoekstra, J.S.C.M. (author), Dubois, Ute (author)

This report addresses energy poverty in social housing, proposing solutions to aid an inclusive energy transition. It highlights the disproportionate impact of rising prices on vulnerable tenants, suggesting short-term measures like energy advice and energy-saving kits, along with long-term strategies such as prioritising renovations for those...

report 2023

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Beyond headcount statistics: Exploring the utility of energy poverty gap indices in policy design

Croon, T.M. (author), Hoekstra, J.S.C.M. (author), Elsinga, M.G. (author), Dalla Longa, F. (author), Mulder, Peter (author)

Recent energy price spikes have led to increased energy poverty among low-income households living in inefficient homes. Accurate statistics on energy poverty help inform resource allocation and better target relief schemes and retrofit funds. Existing indicators are predominantly defined in terms of a headcount ratio – the share of population...

journal article 2023

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Energy poverty alleviation in social housing: Prototyping policies with practitioners

Croon, T.M. (author), Hoekstra, J.S.C.M. (author), Dubois, Ute (author)

The European energy crisis of 2022 stresses the importance of protecting the most vulnerable households. Price peaks disproportionally affect households with low incomes, limited savings, and inefficient homes, and increased energy poverty: the inability to secure sufficient domestic energy services that allow for participation in society ...

conference paper 2023

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Developing a long-term management strategy to prepare the Dutch coast for the future, editorial of the VSI future Dutch coast

Wang, Zhengbing (author), Lodder, Q.J. (author), van der Spek, A.J.F. (author), Slinger, J (author), Hoekstra, Piet (author)

journal article 2023

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Using Reinforcement Learning to Improve Airspace Structuring in an Urban Environment

Ribeiro, M.J. (author), Ellerbroek, Joost (author), Hoekstra, J.M. (author)

Current predictions on future drone operations estimate that traffic density orders of magnitude will be higher than any observed in manned aviation. Such densities redirect the focus towards elements that can decrease conflict rate and severity, with special emphasis on airspace structures, an element that has been overlooked within...

journal article 2022

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Using Reinforcement Learning in a Layered Airspace to Improve Layer Change Decision

Ribeiro, M.J. (author), Ellerbroek, Joost (author), Hoekstra, J.M. (author)

Current predictions for future operations with drones estimate traffic densities orders of magnitude higher than any observed in manned aviation. Such densities call for further research and innovation, in particular, into conflict detection and resolution without the need for human intervention. The layered airspace concept, where aircraft...

journal article 2022

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Velocity Obstacle Based Conflict Avoidance in Urban Environment with Variable Speed Limit

Ribeiro, M.J. (author), Ellerbroek, Joost (author), Hoekstra, J.M. (author)

Current investigations into urban aerial mobility, as well as the continuing growth of global air transportation, have renewed interest in conflict detection and resolution (CD&R) methods. The use of drones for applications such as package delivery, would result in traffic densities that are orders of magnitude higher than those currently...

journal article 2021

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Determining Optimal Conflict Avoidance Manoeuvres At High Densities With Reinforcement Learning

Ribeiro, M.J. (author), Ellerbroek, Joost (author), Hoekstra, J.M. (author)

The use of drones for applications such as package delivery, in an urban setting, would result in traffic densities that are orders of magnitude higher than any observed in manned aviation. Current geometric resolution models have proven to be very efficient at relatively moderate densities. However, at higher densities, performance is hindered...

conference paper 2020

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Improvement of Conflict Detection and Resolution at High Densities Through Reinforcement Learning

Ribeiro, M.J. (author), Ellerbroek, Joost (author), Hoekstra, J.M. (author)

The use of drones for applications such as package delivery, in an urban setting, would result in traffic densities that are orders of magnitude higher than any observed in manned aviation. Current geometric resolution models have proven to be very efficient. However, at the extreme densities envisioned for such drone applications, performance...

conference paper 2020

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Policies Towards Migrants in the Yangtze River Delta Urban Region, China: Does Local Hukou Still Matter after the Hukou Reform?

Zhang, Q. (author), Hoekstra, J.S.C.M. (author)

The 2014 hukou reform introduced by the Chinese central government was a turning point in China’s policies towards migration. Different from the previous hukou policies, which were largely exclusionary, the reformed policy encouraged migrants to permanently settle in their destination cities and make use of the public services available there....

journal article 2020

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Toward Sustainable and Inclusive Housing: Underpinning Housing Policy as Design for Values

Elsinga, M.G. (author), Hoekstra, J.S.C.M. (author), Sedighi, S.M.A. (author), Taebi, B. (author)

A perusal of the literature on housing debates reveals that the term ‘value’ is mostly applied to express the financial value of a house and is dealt with in economic literature. However, an alternative meaning of the word ‘value’ in the housing literature can be found in research into the values underlying housing preferences, applying research...

journal article 2020

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Comparing cities and regions rather than countries?: A research agenda for international comparative housing research 2.0.

Hoekstra, J.S.C.M. (author)

International comparative housing research usually takes countries as a unit of analysis. Studies in the field typically connect housing outcomes at the national level to national welfare state and housing regimes. However, as a result of both supranational developments (globalization, financialization, neoliberalization, European Union...

conference paper 2019

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Redistribution, Growth, and Inclusion: The Development of the Urban Housing System in China, 1949-2015

Deng, W. (author), Hoekstra, J.S.C.M. (author), Elsinga, M.G. (author)

This paper explains the development of the urban housing system in China from 1949 to 2011 with an emphasis on the factors driving housing inequality in each policy period. We argue that the logic underpinning the housing policy had shifted from socialist redistribution to the stimulation of growth in the process of market economy reform and has...

journal article 2017

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Reregulation and Residualization in Dutch social Housing: a critical Evaluation of new Policies

Hoekstra, J.S.C.M. (author)

The Dutch social rental sector often serves as an example for other countries as a result of its large share and good quality housing. However, many things have changed in the sector in recent years. After 2011, the central government has regained its control over the housing associations. This was needed after the unacceptable amount of...

journal article 2017

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Regionalization of housing policies? An exploratory study of Andalusia, Catalonia and the Basque Country

Dol, C.P. (author), Mazo, Estrella Cruz (author), Lambea Llop, N. (author), Hoekstra, J.S.C.M. (author), Cano Fuentes, G.I. (author), Etxarri, Aitziber Etxezarreta (author)

The Spanish home ownership sector has been hit hard by the economic crisis. Repossessions stand at around half a million in the period from 2008 to 2014. This article investigates how the authorities, both at the level of the Spanish state and of the autonomous communities (regions), have responded to this problem. We investigated whether...

journal article 2016

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Can Western European Home Ownership Products bridge the South African Housing Gap?

Hoekstra, J.S.C.M. (author), Marais, L (author)

Subsidised housing often creates a segmented housing market, with some home owners falling into a gap between the subsidised and non-subsidised types. This gap particularly affects middle-income buyers, whose income may be too high to qualify for subsidy but too low to buy a non-subsidised house. Western Europe has policies and affordable...

journal article 2016

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Urban Housing Policy Review of China: From Economic Growth to Social Inclusion

Deng, W. (author), Hoekstra, J.S.C.M. (author), Elsinga, M.G. (author)

This paper reviews the housing policy of China from 1949-2013. It examines the housing tenure change, policy instruments, and impacts social structures in different time periods. After the welfare period of 1949-77, the dual provision period of 1978-1998, and the market dominant period of 1999-2011, China’s housing policy was again reformed...

report 2015

document

The Janus Face of Homeownership-based Welfare

Elsinga, M.G. (author), Hoekstra, J.S.C.M. (author)

This paper reflects on the different faces of asset-based welfare from both a theoretical and an empirical perspective. It shows that asset-based welfare can be perceived as a lever for welfare state restructuring but also as an instrument for poverty eradication. In most countries, asset-based welfare policies focus on stimulating home...

journal article 2015