Modeling driver steering behavior in restricted-preview boundary-avoidance tasks

In the design of human-like steering support systems, driver models are essential for matching the supporting automation's behavior to that of the human driver. However, current driver models are very limited in capturing the driver's adaptation to key task variables such as road width and visibility (i.e., 'preview' of the road ahead). This...

Time-Varying Identification of Human Look-Ahead Times in Preview Tracking Tasks

Future human-machine control tasks with preview (e.g., car driving) are expected to include automation for safety, but keep operators in charge for liability. Such shared control applications require time-varying human identification because the control feedback should be compatible with the operator's variable behavior. A promising time-domain...

Investigating and Modeling the Effects of Speed in Lane Keeping on Winding Roads

Accurate models of driver steering behavior are essential with ever-growing automation in road vehicles. In this project, the effects of driving speed on steering behavior on winding roads are investigated and modeled. Data were collected in a human-in-the-loop curve driving experiment with fifteen participants, who were asked to drive at five...

Effects of Look-Ahead Time in a Haptic Shared Controller for Preview Tracking

In haptic shared control (HSC), an alternative to full automation, a human operator (HO) performs a steering task while being assisted by force feedback on the control device. Human-haptic conflict, caused by misalignment of intentions or different use of reference information, is a source of annoyance and controllers should be designed to...

Estimation of Time-Varying Human Manual Control Behaviour in Preview Tracking Tasks Using a Dual Extended Kalman Filter

This research applied a Dual Extended Kalman Filter (DEKF) to time-varying human operator (HO) parameter estimation in preview tracking tasks. The preview time parameter was of particular interest, as the amount of preview can be highly variable in practical situations. The filter was centered around a linear cybernetic HO model with six...

Effects of Target Trajectory Bandwidth on Manual Control Behavior in Pursuit and Preview Tracking

The 1960s crossover model is widely applied to quantitatively predict a human controller's (HC's) manual control behavior. Unfortunately, the theory captures only compensatory tracking behavior and, as such, a limited range of real-world manual control tasks. This article finalizes recent advances in manual control theory toward more general...

Measuring and modeling driver steering behavior: From compensatory tracking to curve driving

Drivers rely on a variety of cues from different modalities while steering, but which exact cues are most important and how these different cues are used is still mostly unclear. The goal of our research project is to increase understanding of driver steering behavior; through a measuring and modeling approach we aim to extend the validity of...

A Unifying Theory of Driver Perception and Steering Control on Straight and Winding Roads

Novel driver support systems potentially enhance road safety by cooperating with the human driver. To optimize the design of emerging steering support systems, a profound understanding of driver steering behavior is required. This article proposes a new theory of driver steering, which unifies visual perception and control models. The theory...

How humans use preview information in manual control

The introduction of ever-advancing automatic control systems is rapidly changing traditional manual control tasks such as piloting of aircraft and steering of cars. In order to predict how human controllers will interact with new technology, a thorough understanding of the human’s adaptive manual control capabilities and limitations is essential...

Effects of Linear Perspective on Human Use of Preview in Manual Control

Due to linear perspective, the visual stimulus provided by a previewed reference trajectory reduces with increasing distance ahead. This paper investigates the effects of linear perspective on human use of preview in manual control tasks. Results of a human-in-the-loop tracking experiment are presented, where the linear perspective&#x0027...

Effects of Preview Time in Manual Tracking Tasks

In manual control tasks, preview of the target trajectory ahead is often limited by poor lighting, objects, or display edges. This paper investigates the effects of limited preview, or preview time, in manual tracking tasks with single- and double-integrator controlled element dynamics. A quasi-linear human controller model is used to predict...

Validating a Human Controller Model for Preview Tracking Tasks: Identification of the Effects of Spatial Occlusion using Eye-Tracking

This paper presents an experimental validation of a recently developed two-point human controller (HC) model for preview tracking tasks. During a human-in-the-loop experiment, subjects tracked identical target signals with zero preview, 1.5 seconds of preview, and two occlusion conditions, blocking either the 0-0.5 s, or 0.35-0.85 s region from...

Effects of preview time on human control behavior in rate tracking tasks

In many practical control tasks, human controllers (HC) can preview the trajectory they must follow in the near future. This paper investigates the effects of the length of previewed target trajectory, or preview time, on HC behavior in rate tracking tasks. To do so, a human-in-the-loop experiment was performed, consisting of a combined target...