A simple rotational spring model for laterally loaded rigid piles in sand

Monopiles are the most popular foundation for offshore wind turbines. These foundations typically have a low length to diameter ratio and undergo a rigid body rotation when subjected to lateral load. This paper presents results from an extensive numerical investigation involving 3D finite element analyses to demonstrate that the lateral...

A Geo-Centrifuge Experiment of Spud Pole Anchoring in Sand

Effective stiffness method for rigid monopile foundations of offshore wind turbines and in-situ validation

It is widely accepted that the initial stiffness derived with the p-y methodology as prescribed by the American Petroleum Institute does not capture the true small-strain stiffness for rigidly behaving piles. We present an alternative method, capturing the 3D effects in the soil-pile interaction, in which the soil is characterized with in-situ...