Structural Window Design for In-plane Seismic Strengthening: Numerical Predictions of Strengthening Unreinforced Masonry Structures in Groningen

In recent decades, gas production has caused numerous human-induced shallow earthquakes in the province of Groningen, The Netherlands. The buildings in this area were not designed for these unexpected earthquake loads and have shown to be vulnerable. However, current strengthening measures are considered to be time-consuming, expensive, and a...