WATERLAND: water-based decarbonization

Excessive carbon emission has led to global warming, resulting in climate change. Due to this, the natural carbon and water cycles are disbalanced leading to extreme (water-related) events, such as flooding, periods of drought and diminished water quality. The degradation of ecosystems and threat to human survival are direct consequences of this...

Scenario-based robust optimization of water flooding in oil reservoirs enjoys probabilistic guarantees

Model-based optimization of the water-flooding process in oil reservoirs suffers from high levels of uncertainty arising from strongly varying economic conditions and limited knowledge of the reservoir model parameters. To handle uncertainty, diverse robust optimization approaches that use an ensemble of uncertain parameter realizations (i.e....

Carbonated water flooding: Process overview in the frame of co2 flooding

The main scope of the work related to the physical and dynamical processes associated with the injection of carbonated water in porous media. Carbonated water flooding is an alternative for traditional CO2 flooding. Both methods have the potential to recover any oil left behind after primary and secondary recovery while storing CO2 at the same...

An adaptive robust optimization scheme for water-flooding optimization in oil reservoirs using residual analysis

Model-based dynamic optimization of the water-flooding process in oil reservoirs is a computationally complex problem and suffers from high levels of uncertainty. A traditional way of quantifying uncertainty in robust water-flooding optimization is by considering an ensemble of uncertain model realizations. These models are generally not...

EM Heating-Stimulated Water Flooding for Medium–Heavy Oil Recovery

We report a study of heavy oil recovery by combined water flooding and electromagnetic (EM) heating at a frequency of 2.45 GHz used in domestic microwave ovens. A mathematical model describing this process was developed. Model equations were solved, and the solution is presented in an integral form for the one-dimensional case. Experiments...

A coupled Volume of Fluid and Immersed Boundary Method for simulating 3D multiphase flows with contact line dynamics in complex geometries

Generation of a Pareto front for a bi-objective water flooding optimization problem using approximate ensemble gradients

Conflicting objectives are frequently encountered in most real-world problems. When dealing with conflicting objectives, decision makers prefer to obtain a range of possible optimal solutions from which to choose. In theory, methods exists that can produce a range of possible solutions, some of which are “Pareto Optimal”. The application of...

Robust optimization of water-flooding in oil reservoirs using risk management tools

The theory of risk provides a systematic approach to handling uncertainty with well-defined risk and deviation measures. As the model-based economic optimization of the water-flooding process in oil reservoirs suffers from high levels of uncertainty, the concepts from the theory of risk are highly relevant. In this paper, the main focus is to...

Calcite dissolution behaviour during low salinity water flooding in carbonate rock

Low salinity water flooding (LSF) has been proved to be a promising enhanced oil recovery method for sandstone reservoirs. The efficiency of LSF in carbonate reservoirs has not been proven completely yet, because there are still uncertainties about the LSF recovery mechanism in carbonate. From experimental studies, it was shown that wettability...

The Egg model

The "Egg Model" is a synthetic reservoir model consisting of an ensemble of 101 relatively small three-dimensional realizations of a channelized reservoir produced under water flooding conditions with eight water injectors and four producers. It has been used in numerous publications to demonstrate a variety of aspects related to computer...

Thermal Enhancement of Water-flooding in Medium-Heavy Oil Recovery

Water-flooding in heavy oils is generally not an efficient way of production due to high viscosity of heavy oil compared to water. Therefore, thermal recovery methods are commonly used in heavy oil production. Most thermal methods involve fluid injection to transfer heat further into the reservoir. Hot water-flooding is among these methods. In...

Modeling and Laboratory Study of Carbonated Water Flooding

Carbonated Water Flooding (CWF) is an enhanced oil recovery (EOR) method where an oil reservoir is flooded with water containing dissolved CO2. It is being considered as a promising EOR (Enhanced Oil Recovery) method for maturing light and heavy oil fields. A numerical and experimental study of the CWF was conducted, focusing on the underlying...

Electromagnetic Assisted Carbonated Water Flooding in Heavy Oil Recovery

Carbonated water flooding (CWF) is an enhanced oil recovery method where an oil reservoir is flooded with water containing dissolved CO2. The CO2 is then transferred into the oil phase leading to the swelling of the oil and to the reduction of its viscosity. This method was proven by several field trials but did not reach the status of a routine...

Use of POD in control of flow through porous media

During the design of development concepts for the exploitation of oil and gas reservoirs, frequent use is made of numerical simulation of the flow of multi-phase fluids through porous rock. Recently, increased attention has been paid to systematic optimization of well positions and operating parameters (rates, pressures) over the life of the...

Use of POD in control of flow through porous media

During the design of development concepts for the exploitation of oil and gas reservoirs, frequent use is made of numerical simulation of the flow of multi-phase fluids through porous rock. Recently, increased attention has been paid to systematic optimization of well positions and operating parameters (rates, pressures) over the life of the...

Dynamic water flood optimization with smart wells using optimal control theory

During the oil production process water is generally injected into the reservoir to maintain reservoir pressure and to displace the oil towards the production wells. Ideally, as the production process continues the injected water will slowly move through the reservoir in the direction of the producers, in the meantime sweeping the oil in between...