Designing LiTaO₃:Ln³⁺,Eu³⁺ (Ln = Tb or Pr) perovskite dosimeter with excellent charge carrier storage capacity and stability for anti-counterfeiting and flexible X-ray imaging

Developing X-ray charged dosimeters with excellent charge carrier storage capacity and stability is challenging. Such energy storage dosimeters have fascinating use in developing novel applications, for instance, in radiation detection, advanced multimode anti-counterfeiting, and flexible X-ray imaging of curved objects. Herein, novel LiTaO...

Unraveling electron liberation from Bi²⁺ for designing Bi³⁺-based afterglow phosphor for anti-counterfeiting and flexible X-ray imaging

It is challenging to rational design persistent luminescence and storage phosphors with high storage capacity of electrons and holes after X-ray charging. Such phosphors have potential applications in anti-counterfeiting and X-ray imaging. Here we have combined vacuum referred binding energy diagram (VRBE) construction, photoluminescence...

Next-generation prognosis framework for pediatric spinal deformities using bio-informed deep learning networks

Predicting pediatric spinal deformity (PSD) from X-ray images collected on the patient’s initial visit is a challenging task. This work builds on our previous method and provides a novel bio-informed framework based on a mechanistic machine learning technique with dynamic patient-specific parameters to predict PSD. We provide a geometry-based...

LiTaO₃:Bi³⁺,Tb³⁺,Ga³⁺,Ge⁴⁺: A Smart Perovskite with High Charge Carrier Storage Capacity for X-Ray Imaging, Stress Sensing, and Non-Real-Time Recording

Developing X-ray or UV-light charged storage and mechanoluminescence (ML) materials with high charge carrier storage capacity is challenging. Such materials have promising utilization in developing new applications, for example, in flexible X-ray imaging, stress sensing, or non-real-time recording. Herein, the study reports on such materials;...

Wide Range X-Ray to Infrared Photon Detection and Energy Storage in LiTaO₃:Bi³⁺,Dy³⁺ Perovskite

It is challenging to obtain a material that can detect photons ranging from X-rays to infrared light. Such materials have promising use to develop advanced applications like in information storage, anticounterfeiting, or X-ray imaging. This article reports on such a material; LiTaO₃:xBi³⁺,yDy³⁺ perovskite...

Vacuum-Referred Binding Energies of Bismuth and Lanthanide Levels in LiTaO₃ Perovskite: Toward Designing Energy Storage Phosphor for Anti-Counterfeiting, X-Ray Imaging, and Mechanoluminescence

Discovering UV-light or X-ray charged afterglow and storage phosphors with high charge carrier storage capacity remains challenging. Herein, a method is proposed by combining vacuum referred binding energy (VRBE) diagram construction and optimization of dopants’ concentration and compound synthesis. The refined chemical shift model, optical...

Dual-scale visualization of resin flow for liquid composite molding processes

Visualization of resin flow progression through fibrous preforms is often sought to elucidate flow patterns and validate models for filling prediction for liquid composite molding processes. Here, conventional X-ray radiography is compared to X-ray phase contrast technique to image in-situ constant flow rate impregnation of a non-translucent...

Image-based modelling for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: Mechanistic machine learning analysis and prediction

Scoliosis, an abnormal curvature of the human spinal column, is characterized by a lateral deviation of the spine, accompanied by axial rotation of the vertebrae. Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS) is the most common type, affecting children between ages 8 to 18 when bone growth is at its maximum rate. We propose a mechanistic machine...

Characterization and Chemical Performance Assessment of Cementitious Materials: In Relation to the Dutch Case of Geologic Disposal of Nuclear Waste

In this study, non-destructive methods are applied to quantify the influence of concrete degradation by geologic conditions on the ability to retain nuclear waste deep underground in The Netherlands. Nuclear reactors play an important role in all four scenarios of the recent report of the IPCC to reach the CO2 reduction goals. Safety related...

Electrolyte effects on recirculating dense bubbly flow: An experimental study using X-ray imaging

In this work, the effect of an electrolyte (up to 2 M of NaCl dissolved in water) on a homogeneous dense bubbly flow, in an airlift bubble column, is studied using nonintrusive techniques. X-ray and high-speed imaging are used to investigate the bubble size distribution, the local and the global gas-fraction profiles. The major effect of the...

Direct comparison of shadowgraphy and x-ray imaging for void fraction determination

A quantitative analysis of two imaging modalities, shadowgraphy and x-ray imaging, is presented in the framework of void fraction determination. The need for this arises from the fact that shadowgraphs are sometimes utilized to quantify void fraction profiles, which is an unproven method. Time-averaged x-ray images are used to evaluate the...

Characterization of TiO₂ nanoparticles fluidization using X-ray imaging and pressure signals

The fluidization of TiO₂-P25 nanoparticles is characterized by studying the X-ray attenuation through the bed and the dynamic response of pressure fluctuations to the influence of the gas velocity. The X-ray results are based on a flat detector capable of measuring a 2D projection of the column from a height of 3cm above the...

Supervised Learning for Measuring Hip Joint Distance in Digital X-ray Images

Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease which is hard to diagnose objectively and may vary based on the surgeon. This disease is usually diagnosed by measuring several characteristic features of Hip X-rays mainly the joint distance between the femoral head and acetabular cup. Hip joint distance reduction is a clear symptom of...

Single-grain Silicon Technology for Large Area X-ray Imaging

Digital flat panel X-ray imagers are currently using a-Si and poly-Si thin-film-transistors (TFTs). a-Si TFT permits the use of large area substrates, however, due to the amorphous nature, the carrier mobility is very low (<1 cm2/Vs). Poly-Si TFT improves the mobility (~150 cm2/Vs) but due to random grain boundaries, the defect density is still...