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Rieger, A. (author), Bredius, Frank (author), Theune, Mariët (author), Pera, M.S. (author)An essential characteristic for unbiased and diligent information-seeking that can enable informed opinion formation and decision-making is intellectual humility (IH), the awareness of the limitations of one's knowledge and opinions. While researchers have recognized the potential to boost IH in individuals, the effect of such interventions...conference paper 2024
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Draws, T.A. (author), Natesan Ramamurthy, Karthikeyan (author), Baldini, Ioana (author), Dhurandhar, Amit (author), Padhi, Inkit (author), Timmermans, Benjamin (author), Tintarev, N. (author)One way to help users navigate debated topics online is to apply stance detection in web search. Automatically identifying whether search results are against, neutral, or in favor could facilitate diversification efforts and support interventions that aim to mitigate cognitive biases. To be truly useful in this context, however, stance...conference paper 2023
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Li, Roger Zhe (author), Urbano, Julián (author), Hanjalic, A. (author)Mainstream bias, where some users receive poor recommendations because their preferences are uncommon or simply because they are less active, is an important aspect to consider regarding fairness in recommender systems. Existing methods to mitigate mainstream bias do not explicitly model the importance of these non-mainstream users or, when...conference paper 2023
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Draws, T.A. (author), Roy, N. (author), Inel, Oana (author), Rieger, A. (author), Hada, Rishav (author), Yalcin, Mehmet Orcun (author), Timmermans, Benjamin (author), Tintarev, N. (author)Adverse phenomena such as the search engine manipulation effect (SEME), where web search users change their attitude on a topic following whatever most highly-ranked search results promote, represent crucial challenges for research and industry. However, the current lack of automatic methods to comprehensively measure or increase viewpoint...conference paper 2023
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Boonprakong, Nattapat (author), He, G. (author), Gadiraju, Ujwal (author), Van Berkel, Niels (author), Wang, Danding (author), Chen, Si (author), Liu, Jiqun (author), Tag, Benjamin (author), Goncalves, Jorge (author), Dingler, Tilman (author)AI systems are increasingly incorporated into human decision-making. Yet, human decision-makers are often affected by their cognitive biases. In critical settings, such as medical diagnosis, criminal judgment, or information consumption, these cognitive biases hinder optimal decision outcomes, thereby resulting in dangerous decisions and...conference paper 2023
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Saccher, M. (author), Schaijk, Rob van (author), Kawasaki, Shinnosuke (author), Klootwijk, Johan H. (author), Rashidi, A. (author), Giagka, Vasiliki (author), Savoia, Alessandro Stuart (author), Dekker, R. (author)Capacitive Micromachined Ultrasound Transducers (CMUTs) have many advantages compared to other ultrasonic transducer technologies, especially for implantable devices. However, they require a high bias voltage for efficient operation. To eliminate the need for an external bias voltage, a charge storage layer can be embedded in the dielectric....conference paper 2023
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Masoumian, S. (author), Maes, Roel (author), Wang, Rui (author), Yerriswamy, Karthik Keni (author), Schrijen, Geert-Jan (author), Hamdioui, S. (author), Taouil, M. (author)SRAM Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) are one of the popular forms of PUFs that can be used to generate unique identifiers and randomness for security purposes. Hence, their resilience to attacks is crucial. The probability of attacks increases when the SRAM PUF start-up values follow a predictable pattern which we refer to as bias. In this...conference paper 2023
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Zhang, Y. (author), Herygers, Aaricia (author), Patel, T.B. (author), Yue, Z. (author), Scharenborg, O.E. (author)Automatic speech recognition (ASR) should serve every speaker, not only the majority “standard” speakers of a language. In order to build inclusive ASR, mitigating the bias against speaker groups who speak in a “non-standard” or “diverse” way is crucial. We aim to mitigate the bias against non-native-accented Flemish in a Flemish ASR system....conference paper 2023
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Rieger, A. (author), Bredius, F. (author), Tintarev, N. (author), Pera, M.S. (author)We often use search engines when seeking information for opinion-forming and decision-making on debated topics. However, searching for resources on debated topics to gain well-rounded knowledge is cognitively demanding, leaving us vulnerable to cognitive biases, such as confirmation bias. This can impede well-informed decision-making, and on...conference paper 2023
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Hutiri, Wiebke (author), Ding, Aaron Yi (author)Automated speaker recognition uses data processing to identify speakers by their voice. Today, automated speaker recognition is deployed on billions of smart devices and in services such as call centres. Despite their wide-scale deployment and known sources of bias in related domains like face recognition and natural language processing, bias in...conference paper 2022
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Hutiri, Wiebke (author), Ding, Aaron Yi (author)In an age of surveillance capitalism, anchoring the design of emerging smart services in trustworthiness is urgent and important. Edge Intelligence, which brings together the fields of AI and Edge computing, is a key enabling technology for smart services. Trustworthy Edge Intelligence should thus be a priority research concern. However,...conference paper 2022
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Bakker, N.J. (author), Matas, Joaquin Coll (author), Bosman, J.G. (author), Barreau, Nicolas (author), Weeber, A.W. (author), Theelen, M.J. (author)Partial shading of CIGS modules can lead to permanent damage of the module in the shaded area. This is caused by harmful reverse bias voltages in the shaded area which lead to reverse bias induced defects, also known as wormlike defects. A lot is already known about the origin and propagation of wormlike defects. However, the fundamental...conference paper 2022
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Draws, T.A. (author), La Barbera, David (author), Soprano, Michael (author), Roitero, Kevin (author), Ceolin, Davide (author), Checco, Alessandro (author), Mizzaro, Stefano (author)Due to the increasing amount of information shared online every day, the need for sound and reliable ways of distinguishing between trustworthy and non-trustworthy information is as present as ever. One technique for performing fact-checking at scale is to employ human intelligence in the form of crowd workers. Although earlier work has...conference paper 2022
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Xu, Luyan (author), Zhuang, Mengdie (author), Gadiraju, Ujwal (author)Understanding the influence of users' opinions on their search behavior together with their inherent biases in web search has garnered widespread interest in recent times. This is largely due to the implications of promoting critical thinking, explaining phenomena such as political polarization, or the manifestation of echo chambers. It is...conference paper 2021
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Draws, T.A. (author), Rieger, A. (author), Inel, O. (author), Gadiraju, Ujwal (author), Tintarev, N. (author)Recent research has demonstrated that cognitive biases such as the confirmation bias or the anchoring effect can negatively affect the quality of crowdsourced data. In practice, however, such biases go unnoticed unless specifically assessed or controlled for. Task requesters need to ensure that task workflow and design choices do not trigger...conference paper 2021
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Li, Roger Zhe (author), Urbano, Julián (author), Hanjalic, A. (author)In a collaborative-filtering recommendation scenario, biases in the data will likely propagate in the learned recommendations. In this paper we focus on the so-called mainstream bias: the tendency of a recommender system to provide better recommendations to users who have a mainstream taste, as opposed to non-mainstream users. We propose NAECF,...conference paper 2021
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Draws, T.A. (author), Tintarev, N. (author), Gadiraju, Ujwal (author), Bozzon, A. (author), Timmermans, B. (author)In web search on debated topics, algorithmic and cognitive biases strongly influence how users consume and process information. Recent research has shown that this can lead to a search engine manipulation effect (SEME): when search result rankings are biased towards a particular viewpoint, users tend to adopt this favored viewpoint. To better...conference paper 2021
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Rieger, A. (author), Draws, T.A. (author), Theune, Mariët (author), Tintarev, N. (author)During online information search, users tend to select search results that confirm previous beliefs and ignore competing possibilities. This systematic pattern in human behavior is known as confirmation bias. In this paper, we study the effect of obfuscation (i.e., hiding the result unless the user clicks on it) with warning labels and the...conference paper 2021
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Saccher, M. (author), Kawasaki, S. (author), Dekker, R. (author)Recently, focused ultrasound has been proposed to power deeply implanted medical devices. Almost exclusively, lead zirconate titanate (PZT) transducers are used to convert acoustic energy into electrical energy. Unfortunately, these lead containing devices cannot be hermetically encapsulated since that would block the ultrasound. We propose the...conference paper 2021
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Kazaz, T. (author), Romme, J.P.A. (author), Janssen, G.J.M. (author), van der Veen, A.J. (author)The presence of rich scattering in indoor and urban radio propagation scenarios may cause a high arrival density of multipath components (MPCs). Often the MPCs arrive in clusters at the receiver, where MPCs within one cluster have similar angles and delays. The MPCs arriving within a single cluster are typically unresolvable in the delay domain....conference paper 2021
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