Molten Salt Reactor Chemistry: Structure and Equilibria

Molten salts are a class of ionic liquids which have in recent years been the focus of extensive fundamental research given that they are a versatile class of reaction media with a variety of appealing thermophysical and thermochemical properties (e.g. melting points, heat capacities, vapor pressures, densities, thermal conductivities, etc..)...

New insights and coupled modelling of the structural and thermodynamic properties of the LiF-UF4 system

© 2021 The Authors LiF-UF4 is a key binary system for molten fluoride reactor technology, which has not been scrutinized as thoroughly as the closely related LiF-ThF4 system. The phase diagram equilibria in the system LiF-UF4 are explored in this work with X-ray diffraction (XRD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The short-range...

Experimental studies and thermodynamic assessment of the Ba-Mo-O system by the CALPHAD method

Thermodynamic measurements on BaMoO₄, BaMoO₃ and BaMo₃O₁₀ are reported, that served as input for the development of a thermodynamic model of the Ba-Mo-O system using the CALPHAD methodology. The valence states of molybdenum in BaMoO₄ and BaMoO₃ were confirmed to be VI and IV,...

Thermodynamic assessment of the KF-ThF₄, LiF-KF-ThF₄ and NaF-KF-ThF₄ systems

A thermodynamic assessment of the KF-ThF₄ binary system using the CALPHAD method is presented, where the liquid solution is described by the modified quasichemical formalism in the quadruplet approximation. The optimization of the phase diagram is based on experimental data reported in the literature and newly measured X-ray...

Thermodynamic assessment of the LiF-NiF₂, NaF-NiF₂ and KF-NiF₂ systems

Using the modified quasi-chemical model in the quadruplet approximation, three new thermodynamic assessments of binary systems useful for the detailed operational design of the Molten Salt Reactor are presented: AF-NiF₂ (A = Li, Na, K). These systems are particularly relevant for the study of the molten salt-structural materials...

Thermodynamic assessment of the Na-O and Na-U-O systems: Margin to the safe operation of SFRs

A thermodynamic model for the Na-O system was developed for the first time using the CALPHAD method after review of the structural, thermodynamic, and phase diagram data available on this system. Differential Scanning Calorimetry measurements were moreover performed to assess the phase equilibria and liquidus temperature in the Na<sub>2</sub...