On the usage of wavelet-based techniques for Synthetic Image Detection

With the rise of zero-shot synthetic image generation models, such as Stability.ai's Stable Diffusion, OpenAI's DALLE or Google's Imagen, the need for powerful tools to detect synthetic generated images has never been higher. In this thesis we contribute to this goal by considering wavelet-based approaches for synthetic image detection.<br/><br/...

Training diffusion models with federated learning: A communication-efficient model for cross-silo federated image generation

The training of diffusion-based models for image generation is predominantly controlled by a select few Big Tech companies, raising concerns about privacy, copyright, and data authority due to the lack of transparency regarding training data. Hence, we propose a federated diffusion model scheme that enables the independent and collaborative...

Are you sure? Modelling the Confidence of a Driver in Left-Turn Gap Acceptance Decisions

When a person makes a decision, it is automatically accompanied by a subjective probability judgement of the decision being correct, in other words, a (local) confidence judgement. Confidence judgements have, among other things, an<br/>effect on justifications of future decisions and behaviour. A better understanding of the metacognitive...

Mechanisms for diffusion-driven growth of cavitating wing-tip vortices

Following their inception, vortex cavities emanating from stationary wing tips in cavitation tunnels are often observed to grow. These effects are usually attributed to the free and dissolved non-condensable gases in the liquid. However, a detailed mechanism for the cavity's growth is not known. Consequently, the repeatability of vortex...

A one-way coupled hydrodynamic advection-diffusion model to simulate congested large wood transport

An advection-diffusion model is proposed to simulate large wood transport during high flows. The mathematical model is derived from the wood mass balance, taking into consideration both the wood mass concentration and the log orientation, which affects log transport and, most importantly, wood accumulation. Focusing on wood mass transport,...

Mathematical spatial compartmental epidemic models for the infectious disease cholera

Cholera is an infectious disease caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. Infections can occur directly via contact with infected people, but also indirectly via infected water. Because of these direct, but especially indirect infections, it is useful to investigate the spread of the disease using mathematical epidemic models. In this report a...

Designing a Network of Electric Charging Stations to Mitigate Vehicle Emissions

Metropolitan authorities continue to seek programs and initiatives to reduce emissions in their jurisdictions. It has been shown that transitioning from fossil fuel to electric propulsion of transportation can help realize this goal. However, the current market penetration of electric vehicles (EVs) compared to internal combustion engine...

Cluster Expansions for Thermodynamics and Kinetics of Multicomponent Alloys

Cluster expansions have proven a very useful tool to model thermodynamics and kinetics of substitutional alloys in metallic, ionic, and even covalently bonded systems. Cluster expansions are usually obtained with the structure inversion method in which the energies, or other relevant property, of a set of structures are used to obtain expansion...

Electric Vehicle Diffusion: Exploring Uncertainties using System Dynamics

Sustainable energy development is an important topic nowadays, where new ways to obtain and use the energy are worldwide researched with a common objective, to mitigate the global warming. Two of the main CO2 polluters are the electricity and the transportation sectors. While some renewable energy technologies are taking place in the electricity...

Relationship between the evolution of an old and a new technological innovation

Nowadays many innovative technologies are emerging in the different markets. The relationship between an innovation which is already established in the market and a new budding innovation is not well known in every kind of market, especially when two innovative technologies are competing in different markets. This is the case of the PMP ...

Contributions to the financial mathematics of energy markets

This thesis provides several contributions to quantitative finance for energy markets: electricity price modelling, implying oil price volatilities, pricing and hedging of exotic commodity options. Electricity spot prices are characterized by spikes (jumps) because electricity is non-storable. A widely used model for stochastic component of...

Advances in chloride diffusion of concrete exposed to marine field environment

For elaborating the research significance, goal, content and representative results of the concrete marine field exposure experiments all over the world, we have collected a large number of research literature since 1905. The longest exposure test for concrete has reached 62 years and, most importantly, concrete exposure experiments have made...