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Kramer, O.J.I. (author), de Moel, P.J. (author), Padding, J.T. (author), Baars, Eric T. (author), Rutten, Sam B. (author), Elarbab, Awad H.E. (author), Hooft, Jos F.M. (author), Boek, Edo S. (author), van der Hoek, J.P. (author)Fluid flow through a bed of solid particles is an important process that occurs in full-scale water treatment operations. The Carman–Kozeny model remains highly popular for estimating the resistance across the bed. It is common practice to use particle shape factors in fixed bed state to match the predicted drag coefficient with experimentally...journal article 2021
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Nijssen, T.M.J. (author), Kramer, O.J.I. (author), de Moel, P.J. (author), Rahman, J. (author), Kroon, J.P. (author), Berhanu, P. (author), Boek, E.S. (author), van der Hoek, J.P. (author), Padding, J.T. (author)Liquid-solid fluidisation is frequently encountered in drinking water treatment processes, for instance in seeded crystallisation softening processes. For modest superficial fluid velocities, liquid–solid fluidisation systems are generally considered to be homogeneous, as reported in literature. However, during fluidisation experiments with...journal article 2021
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Kramer, O.J.I. (author), van Schaik, C. (author), Hangelbroek, J.J. (author), de Moel, P.J. (author), Colin, M.G. (author), Amsing, M. (author), Boek, E.S. (author), Breugem, W.P. (author), Padding, J.T. (author), van der Hoek, J.P. (author)Liquid-solid fluidisation is frequently encountered in drinking water treatment processes, often to obtain a large liquid-solid interfacial surface area. A large surface area is crucial for optimal seeded crystallisation in full-scale softening reactors. Due to crystallisation, particles grow and migrate to a lower zone in the reactor which...journal article 2021
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Kramer, O.J.I. (author), van Schaik, C. (author), Dacomba Torres, P.D.R. (author), de Moel, P.J. (author), Boek, E.S. (author), Baars, E.T. (author), Padding, J.T. (author), van der Hoek, J.P. (author)Granular activated carbon (GAC) filtration is an important unit operation in drinking water treatment. GAC filtration is widely used for its filtration and adsorption capabilities as a barrier for undesired organic macro- and micro-pollutants. GAC filtration consists of two successive phases: adsorption and filtration, capturing the impurities...journal article 2021
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Kramer, O.J.I. (author), de Moel, P.J. (author), Padding, J.T. (author), Baars, E.T. (author), El Hasadi, Yousef M.F. (author), Boek, E.S. (author), van der Hoek, J.P. (author)In full-scale drinking water production plants in the Netherlands, central softening is widely used for reasons related to public health, client comfort, and economic and environmental benefits. Almost 500 million cubic meters of water is softened annually through seeded crystallisation in fluidised bed reactors. The societal call for a circular...journal article 2020
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Kramer, O.J.I. (author), Padding, J.T. (author), van Vugt, W.H. (author), de Moel, P.J. (author), Baars, E.T. (author), Boek, E.S. (author), van der Hoek, J.P. (author)A novel effective drag relation for liquid-solid fluidisation is proposed, suitable for application in full-scale installations. This is achieved by presenting new insights related to the influence of the temporal-spatial heterogeneity on the effective hydrodynamic drag for large fluidised systems. While heterogeneous flow behaviour can be...journal article 2020