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Revisiting the Electrochemical Nitrogen Reduction on Molybdenum and Iron Carbides: Promising Catalysts or False Positives?

Izelaar, B. (author), Ripepi, D. (author), Asperti, S. (author), Dugulan, A.I. (author), Hendrikx, R.W.A. (author), Bottger, A.J. (author), Mulder, F.M. (author), Kortlever, R. (author)

The electrochemical dinitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) has recently gained much interest as it can potentially produce ammonia from renewable intermittent electricity and replace the Haber-Bosch process. Previous literature studies report Fe- and Mo-carbides as promising electrocatalysts for the NRR with activities higher than other metals....

journal article 2023

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Template-Assisted Mechanosynthesis Leading to Benchmark Energy Efficiency and Sustainability in the Production of Bifunctional Fe-N-C Electrocatalysts

Kosimov, Akmal (author), Alimbekova, Amina (author), Assafrei, Jurgen Martin (author), Ahmadi, Majid (author), Roohi, K. (author), Taheri, P. (author), Pinto, Sara M. (author), Cepitis, Ritums (author), Baptista, Antonio J. (author), Kongi, Nadezda (author)

Efficient and sustainable synthesis of performant metal/nitrogen-doped carbon (M-N-C) catalysts for oxygen reduction and evolution reactions (ORR/OER) is vital for the global switch to green energy technologies-fuel cells and metal-air batteries. This study reports a solid-phase template-assisted mechanosynthesis of Fe-N-C, featuring low-cost...

journal article 2023

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Monolithic fiber/foam-structured catalysts: beyond honeycombs and micro-channels

Zhao, Guofeng (author), Moulijn, J.A. (author), Kapteijn, F. (author), Dautzenberg, Frits M. (author), Xu, Bin (author), Lu, Yong (author)

Heterogeneous catalysis plays a pivotal role in the current chemical and energy vectors production. Notably, to fully utilize the intrinsic activity and selectivity of a catalyst, the chemical reactor has to be designed and operated optimally to achieve enhanced heat/mass transfer, well-defined contact time of reactants, uniform flow pattern,...

journal article 2023

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Unravelling the Effect of Activators used in The Synthesis of Biomass-Derived Carbon Electrocatalysts on the Electrocatalytic Performance for CO₂ Reduction

Fu, S. (author), Li, M. (author), Asperti, S. (author), de Jong, W. (author), Kortlever, R. (author)

N-doped carbon materials can be efficient and cost-effective catalysts for the electrochemical CO₂ reduction reaction (CO₂RR). Activators are often used in the synthesis process to increase the specific surface area and porosity of these carbon materials. However, owing to the diversity of activators and the differences...

journal article 2023

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Design of an elevated pressure electrochemical flow cell for CO₂ reduction

Morrison, A.R.T. (author), Girichandran, N. (author), Wols, Quincy (author), Kortlever, R. (author)

Abstract: The electrochemical CO₂ reduction reaction (CO₂RR) has been proposed as a sustainable way of closing the carbon cycle while synthesizing useful commodity chemicals. One of the possible routes to scale up the process is the elevated pressure CO₂RR, as this increases the concentration of the poorly...

journal article 2023

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Electrochemical CO₂ Reduction on Copper in Propylene Carbonate: Influence of Water Content and Temperature on the Product Distribution

Burgers, I.A.E. (author), Pérez-Gallent, Elena (author), Goetheer, Earl (author), Kortlever, R. (author)

Aqueous electrolytes are most commonly used for the CO₂ reduction reaction (CO₂RR), but suffer from a low CO₂ solubility that limits the reaction. Electrochemical CO₂ reduction in nonaqueous electrolytes can provide a solution, due to the higher CO₂ solubility of organic solvent-based...

journal article 2023

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Tuning the Properties of N-Doped Biochar for Selective CO₂ Electroreduction to CO

Fu, S. (author), Li, M. (author), de Jong, W. (author), Kortlever, R. (author)

Nitrogen-doped (N-doped) carbon catalysts have been widely studied for electrochemical CO₂ reduction to CO. However, the correlation between the physicochemical properties of N-doped carbon catalysts and their electrocatalytic performance for the CO₂RR is still unclear. Herein, a series of N-doped biochar catalysts with...

journal article 2023

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Electrochemical Conversion of NO to NH₃ in a PEM Cell

Bunea, S. (author), Coppens, Manoj (author), Urakawa, A. (author)

The continuous electrochemical NO reduction to ammonia in a PEM cell was investigated in this work. We used a ruthenium-based catalyst at the cathode and an iridium oxide catalyst at the anode. The highest ammonia faradaic efficiency was observed at 1.9 V cell voltage. Adjusting the NO flow allowed to achieve 97% NO conversion and 93% ammonia...

journal article 2023

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Novel catalysts and applications for polymer electrolyte membrane cells

Bunea, S. (author)

Polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) water electrolysis represents a promising technology for the sustainable, emission-free hydrogen production from renewable energy, as it is able to quickly respond to fluctuations in the renewable energy supply. Nevertheless, natural scarcity of iridium, which is used as catalyst for the anodic water oxidation...

doctoral thesis 2022

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Benchmarking the Electrochemical CO₂ Reduction on Polycrystalline Copper Foils: The Importance of Microstructure Versus Applied Potential

Asperti, S. (author), Hendrikx, R.W.A. (author), Gonzalez Garcia, Y. (author), Kortlever, R. (author)

Copper is one of the most promising catalysts for the CO₂ reduction reaction (CO₂RR) due to its unique capability of producing multicarbon products in appreciable quantities. Most of the CO₂RR research efforts have been directed towards the development of new electrocatalysts to either increase product...

journal article 2022

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Simple, controllable and environmentally friendly synthesis of FeCoNiCuZn-based high-entropy alloy (HEA) catalysts, and their surface dynamics during nitrobenzene hydrogenation

Márquez, Victor (author), Santos, Janaina S. (author), Buijnsters, J.G. (author), Praserthdam, Supareak (author), Praserthdam, Piyasan (author)

High-entropy alloys (HEAs) have rapidly become one of the hottest research topics in several fields, including materials science, corrosion technology, and catalysis because of their multiple advantages and their potential applications. In this study, using a novel straightforward electroless deposition method, multi-elemental alloys ...

journal article 2022

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Effect of different alkali metal cations on the oxygen evolution activity and battery capacity of nickel electrodes in concentrated hydroxide electrolytes

Mangel Raventos, A. (author), Kortlever, R. (author)

The effect of different alkali metal cations on the oxygen evolution activity and battery capacity of nickel electrodes has recently been studied in low concentration alkali hydroxide electrolytes. As high concentration hydroxide electrolytes are favored in applications due to their high conductivity, we investigate if the cation effects...

journal article 2022

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Effects of pressure on a sequential cascade system for electrochemcial CO2 reduction: A mathematical model and preliminary design

Buisman, Sanne (author)

Within the electricity driven conversion methods, electrocatalysis has been assessed to be the closest to commercialisation. This can only be realised, if the system efficiency is increased in terms of the reaction rate, onset potential and/or selectivity. Current research has shown that, apart from the more widely investigated routes to improve...

master thesis 2021

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Towards low-cost PEM fuel cells: Interfacial effects and material dynamics of a non-PGM electrocatalyst

Rangel Cardenas, A.L. (author)

In this thesis several aspects of PEM fuel cells are discussed. From an atomic scale, e.g. crystal and electronic structure of a non-noble metal material, e.g. (H)zLiMn2O4 (protonated spinel lithium manganese oxide) for electrocatalysis and its dynamics, to meso-macro scale effects such as those concerning transport resistances at the membrane...

doctoral thesis 2021

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Assessing Silver Palladium Alloys for Electrochemical CO₂ Reduction in Membrane Electrode Assemblies

Chandrashekar, S. (author), Geerlings, J.J.C. (author), Smith, W.A. (author)

The field of electrochemical CO₂ reduction has been transitioning to industrially relevant scales by changing the architecture of the electrochemical cells and moving away from the traditional aqueous H-cells to membrane electrode assemblies (MEA). The reaction environments in MEAs vary drastically from that of aqueous H-cells,...

journal article 2021

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Catalytic Cooperation between a Copper Oxide Electrocatalyst and a Microbial Community for Microbial Electrosynthesis

Chatzipanagiotou, Konstantina Roxani (author), Soekhoe, Virangni (author), Jourdin, L. (author), Buisman, Cees J.N. (author), Bitter, J. Harry (author), Strik, David P.B.T.B. (author)

Electrocatalytic metals and microorganisms can be combined for CO2 conversion in microbial electrosynthesis (MES). However, a systematic investigation on the nature of interactions between metals and MES is still lacking. To investigate this nature, we integrated a copper electrocatalyst, converting CO2 to formate, with microorganisms,...

journal article 2021

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Electrochemical Reduction of CO2 Using MoS2-based Catalysts

Peng, Yashan (author)

Heavy dependence on fossil fuels has caused an astonishing growth in atmospheric CO2 levels for the past decades. The increase of anthropogenic CO2 emissions accelerates global warming and sea-level rising, which could lead to irreversible environmental damages. Electrochemically converting CO2 to value-added fuels is a promising approach to...

master thesis 2020

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Carbon Dioxide Electroreduction on Gas Diffusion Electrodes: A study on electro-deposited copper catalysts

Gupta, Siddharth (author)

Rapid industrialization and use of carbon based fuels has caused a drastic increase in the atmospheric CO₂ levels in the last few decades. The rising anthropogenic CO₂ levels pose a significant threat to the environment as evidenced by the increase in the mean global temperature levels, and the rising ocean levels. To...

master thesis 2020

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The Effect of Magnetic Field on Catalytic Properties in Core-Shell Type Particles

Westsson, E.E. (author), Picken, S.J. (author), Koper, G.J.M. (author)

Magnetic field effects can provide a handle on steering chemical reactions and manipulating yields. The presence of a magnetic field can influence the energy levels of the active species by interacting with their spin states. Here we demonstrate the effect of a magnetic field on the electrocatalytic processes taking place on platinum-based...

journal article 2020

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Electrolyte effects on the electrochemical reduction of CO₂

Moura de Salles Pupo, M. (author), Kortlever, R. (author)

The electrochemical reduction of CO₂ to fuels or commodity chemicals is a reaction of high interest for closing the anthropogenic carbon cycle. The role of the electrolyte is of particular interest, as the interplay between the electrocatalytic surface and the electrolyte plays an important role in determining the outcome of the CO...

review 2019