Reuse of Secondary Materials: Enabling and Assessing ‘Reuse of Secondary Materials’ as a Circular Approach for the Façade Industry

Over the years, the extraction and consumption of raw materials have increased radically, with a 60% increase since 1980. About one-fifth of the material extracted worldwide ends up as waste, corresponding to 12 billion tonnes (Gt) of waste per year. To tackle the increasing consumption and waste in the economy, the Netherlands government...

Accelerating circularity in Built-environment through "Active-procurement": An aggregated assessment framework to make sustainable choices while using secondary material at early design phase

In Europe, 1/3rd of all the products reaching recycling facilities can be sold as secondary materials, and this can be a high-quality replacement for low-quality new products. Circular Material Use rate shows how much material demand was catered by reused or recycled content. The Netherlands was estimated at 29% in 2016 is the highest among all...