Restructuring medium voltage distribution grids: Parallel AC-DC reconfigurable links

Energy transition will inevitably lead to greater electrification. For example, it is anticipated that electrical energy demand will rise by at least 2-3 times by 2050 with increasing share of electric vehicles and heat pumps. This will translate to significant increase in power demand on the existing medium voltage distribution grid, resulting...

Modulated surface texturing of temporary Al foils substrates for high-efficiency thin-film, flexible solar cells

In this work we focus on texturing Al substrate in order to employ the modulated surface texturing approach for thin-film, flexible, micromorph solar cells. We deployed two different methods to induce micro-craters in Al foil, i) bare Al etching by KOH and ii) AZO sacrificial layer etched in KOH. After modelling the etching kinetics of KOH on...

Boundaries of Operation for Refurbished Parallel AC–DC Reconfigurable Links in Distribution Grids

Hybrid ac–dc reconfigurable link technology can find interesting applications in medium-voltage power distribution. These are networks having dc links operating in parallel alongside ac links with post-fault reconfiguration capability. A given system can operate in different configurations while maintaining equivalent capacity during (n−1)...

Offline Reconfigurability Based Substation Converter Sizing for Hybrid AC-DC Distribution Links

Hybrid ac-dc distribution systems with multiple parallel operating ac and dc links are being developed to maximize system capacity during (n-1) contingencies. This paper shows that offline reconfigurability between such ac and dc links post-fault clearance allows an additional design flexibility of reducing the required substation converter...

Open, online, flexible and technology-enhanced: understanding the educational business models of tomorrow

AC Distribution Grid Reconfiguration using Flexible DC Link Architecture for Increasing Power Delivery Capacity during (n-1) Contingency

A practical issue faced by today's ac grid is the rapidly growing power demand on its aging infrastructure. One possibility to maximize the capacity of the existing infrastructure is to refurbish the ac links to operate under dc conditions using modular multilevel converters. In this paper, the idea is applied to restructure an actual medium...

Novel Method for Adhesion between PI-PDMS Using Butyl Rubber for Large Area Flexible Body Patches

This paper reports the use of rubber—Polybutadiene as an intermediate adhesive layer for improving the adhesion between polyimide (PI) and silicone polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) which is required for a reliable fabrication of flexible/stretchable body patches for various applications. The adhesive bond initiated by the butyl rubber (BR), apart...

FLEX 3.0: An instrument to formulate the demand for and assessing the supply of the adaptive capacity of buildings

Market developments show increased demands for flexibility and sustainability by users and owners of buildings. A direct connection can be made between adaptive building and sustainability. The longer a building can keep its functional life cycle instead of becoming vacant or being demolished, the more sustainable a building will be. One way of...

Substrate Transfer Technology for Stretchable Electronics

This paper focuses on the implementation of a new technique for the fabrication of stretchable electronic patches that can be used for medical applications. The technique is based on the Electronics on Plastics by Laser Release (EPlaR) technology which enables a one-step release of a stack of flexible/stretchable layers incorporating the active...

The CE Meter: An instrument to assess the circular economy capacity of buildings

A direct connection can be made between adaptive building and sustainability (Wilkinson 2011). Market developments show increased demands by for flexibility and sustainability by users and owners as well as a growing understanding of the importance of a circular economy (Eichholtz 2009). Circular Economy (CE) is a rather recent way of looking at...

A business case for flexible housing: The feasibility of implementing flexibility measures in the housing market

Adaptive construction is already for decades on the agenda of the construction sector. The adaptive capacity of a building includes all properties and qualities that enable the building keeping its (economic feasible) functionality during the technical life cycle, under altered conditions and needs (Geraedts 2014). Meanwhile, the interest in...

Adaptive capacity of buildings: A determination method to promote flexible and sustainable construction

The subject adaptive construction is already for decades on the agenda of the construction sector. The adaptive capacity of a building includes all properties and qualities that enable the building keeping its (economic feasible) functionality during the technical life cycle, under altered conditions and needs. Meanwhile, the interest in...

Success and failure in flexible building

In the present demand-driven market, consumers play a key role. Players in the house-building market, as in other sectors, need to listen to the consumer's requirements – and these are continually changing. The real estate sector is rather rigid in its practices, yet those working in it will need to respond to the fluctuating wishes and demands...

An engineering methodology for kite design

Kites have seen substantial development in the last 10 years, going from mostly toys to high-performance sports-related equipment for e.g. kite surfing. The design process of these kites, however, is mostly a trial-and-error affair. Ten years after the sports-related kite revolution a new development is is emerging: Industrial applications for...

Urban niche; onderzoeksrapport. At home in the city; een wooncomplex voor de Spree oever in Berlijn

Dit onderzoeksrapport vormt een onderdeel van het afstudeerproject At Home in the City van de vakgroep Dwelling aan de faculteit Bouwkunde van de Technische Universiteit Delft . De resultaten van het onderzoek zullen worden gebruikt in het hierop volgende ontwerpproject waarin een (woningbouw) ontwerp zal worden gemaakt in de hoogstedelijke...

Exploiting the flexibility of IDR(s) for grid computing

The IDR(s) method that is proposed in [26] is an efficient limited memory method for solving large nonsymmetric systems of linear equations. In [11] an IDR(s) variant is described that has a single synchronisation point per iteration step, which makes this variant well-suited for parallel and grid computing. In this paper, we combine this IDR(s)...