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Lau, G.K. (author), Goosen, J.F.L. (author), Duc, T.C. (author), Van Keulen, F. (author)This paper presents an overview of a new type of thermal micro-actuators using thermally expandable polymers with embedded skeletons. Embedding a stiff skeleton enhances the actuation capability of the thermally expandable polymer. Consequently, the skeleton-reinforced polymers feature a large maximum actuation stress (often above 100 MPa) and a...conference paper 2008