Outfall development to provide a good recreational water environment near a polluted river: Panama City, Rio Matasnillo

This report describes the development of an outfall structure in Panama City. At this location a Matasnillo river enters the bay along the Cinta Costera. Since this river is polluted it causes a bad water environment and smell at the river mouth area such that it is unable for recreation. Boskalis wants to improve the area in co-operation with...

Stability of outfalls during installation

Outfalls are built for the purpose ofdischarging sewage, storm runoff or cooling water into the sea. During the installation, outfalls are exposed to relatively large hydrodynamic forces compared to their own weight in case of adverse weather or high currents. To resist these forces, a heavy concrete weight coating has to be applied. With...

Hevels in het delta-gebied