Modeling of a continuous physical vapor deposition process: Mass transfer limitations by evaporation rate and sonic choking

In recent years, Physical Vapor Deposition has been advanced to a continuous process which makes it amenable for in-line, high-quality and energy-efficient galvanization. To achieve the high and uniform mass flow required for in-line production, a Vapor Distribution Box is used, in which the zinc is evaporated. The zinc fills the Vapor...