Privatisation and institutionalisation of organisational learning in urban development pilots

The initiation of ‘pilots’ in urban development is often a result of changing contextual circumstances like economic market conditions or new planning legislation requiring other solutions. Pilots require actors to innovate in terms of designing plans, handling planning procedures, managing development processes, and constructing real estate....

Flexibility in PPP contracts: Dealing with potential change in the pre-contract phase of a construction project

Public Private Partnerships (PPPs) cover a range of possible relationships between public and private parties. PPP contracts are typically used in contexts of great uncertainty, such as large construction and infrastructure projects that are realized over a longer period of time. Hence, a major challenge in PPPs is to keep construction...

Reactive and proactive legal instruments for government driven urban development

Governments would be fairly powerless to implement their urban development plans and regulations if they were solely dependant on the voluntary compliance of citizens and companies. Public interest, which after all constitutes the foundation of regulation, would be poorly served as a consequence. Governments must be able to require compliance...

Exploring controversies regarding planning and spatial development in practice