Force Sensing in Robotic Surgery: A force sensing strategy for 3 mm shaft actuated tip articulated instruments in RAMIS

Over the past decades Minimally Invasive Surgery (MIS) has become a standard in abdominal surgery. Due to limited dexterity and bad ergonomics the field of MIS is shifting towards Robot-Assisted MIS (RAMIS). Simultaneously, the field is using increasingly small and steerable instruments to reduce invasiveness. Surgeon now work with fragile...