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Umbrello, S. (author), van de Poel, I.R. (author)Value sensitive design (VSD) is an established method for integrating values into technical design. It has been applied to different technologies and, more recently, to artificial intelligence (AI). We argue that AI poses a number of challenges specific to VSD that require a somewhat modified VSD approach. Machine learning (ML), in particular,...journal article 2021
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- Westerhof, M.B. (author), Gielen, M.A. (author), van Boeijen, A.G.C. (author), Jowi, James Otieno (author) abstract 2021
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Harteveld, Maurice (author)This commentary aims to provide a window on the future by studying actions, taken to control the spreading of the corona virus, while obviously affecting public space over a year. What has been the effects on public space directly linked to these actions during the pandemic; what values play a role, and what can we expect for the future? We have...journal article 2021
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Law, Roger C. K. (author), Lai, Joseph H.K. (author), Edwards, David John (author), Hou, H. (author)Physical contact and respiratory droplet transmission have been widely regarded as the main routes of COVID-19 infection. However, mounting evidence has unveiled the risk of aerosol transmission of the virus. Whereas caution has been taken to avoid this risk in association with clinical facilities, facilities such as spa pools and Jacuzzis,...journal article 2021
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Ortiz, Marco A. (author), Ghasemieshkaftaki, M. (author), Bluyssen, P.M. (author)Since the outbreak of COVID-19, wearing a mask, voluntary or obligatory, has led to diverse and numerous designs. Guidelines for minimum requirements include tests for visual inspection, strength, filtration, and breathing resistance, but not for the fit of a mask. The fit of a mask was assessed by testing the outward leakage of exhaled...journal article 2021
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Tang, Julian W. (author), Bahnfleth, William (author), Bluyssen, P.M. (author), Buonanno, Giorgio (author), Jimenez, Jose L. (author), Kurnitski, Jarek (author), Li, Yuguo (author), Miller, Shelly (author), Sekhar, Chandra (author), Morawska, Lidia (author)The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused untold disruption throughout the world. Understanding the mechanisms for transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is key to preventing further spread, but there is confusion over the meaning of ‘airborne’ whenever transmission is discussed....review 2021
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Mertens, Mariano (author), Jöckel, Patrick (author), Matthes, Sigrun (author), Nützel, Matthias (author), Grewe, V. (author), Sausen, Robert (author)The recent COVID-19 pandemic with its countermeasures, e.g. lock-downs, resulted in decreases in emissions of various trace gases. Here we investigate the changes of ozone over Europe associated with these emission reductions using a coupled global/regional chemistry climate model. We conducted and analysed a business as usual and a...journal article 2021
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The COVID19 pandemic has exposed several systemic failures and injustices in the way cities are planned and designed around the world. It has also exposed the failings due to lack of planning in most places in the Global South. Careful, inclusive and participatory spatial planning is thought to greatly strengthen the capacity of societies to...book 2021
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van Wee, G.P. (author), Witlox, Frank (author)This paper discusses possible long-term effects of COVID-19 on activity-travel behaviour. Making use of theories and concepts from economics, psychology, sociology, and geography, this work argues that lasting effects can be expected, and specifically that peak demand among car and public transport users may be lower than if the pandemic...journal article 2021
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Barbour, N.M. (author), Menon, Nikhil (author), Mannering, Fred (author)Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic have dramatically transformed industry, healthcare, mobility, and education. Many workers have been forced to shift to work-from-home, adjust their commute patterns, and/or adopt new behaviors. Particularly important in the context of mitigating transportation-related emissions is the shift to work-from-home....journal article 2021
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Schang, Christelle (author), Crosbie, Nicolas D. (author), Nolan, Monica (author), Poon, Rachael (author), WANG, M. (author), Jex, Aaron (author), John, Nijoy (author), Baker, Louise (author), Langeveld, J.G. (author)The shedding of pathogens by infected humans enables the use of sewage monitoring to conduct wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE). Although most WBE studies use data from large sewage treatment plants, timely data from smaller catchments are needed for targeted public health action. Traditional sampling methods, like autosamplers or grab...journal article 2021
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Mouter, N. (author), Collewet, Marion (author), de Wit, G. Ardine (author), Rotteveel, Adrienne (author), Lambooij, Mattijs S. (author), Kessels, Roselinde (author)Objectives: Our study investigates the extent to which uptake of a COVID-19 digital contact-tracing (DCT) app among the Dutch population is affected by its configurations, its societal effects, and government policies toward such an app. Methods: We performed a discrete choice experiment among Dutch adults including 7 attributes, that is, who...journal article 2021
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Bojovic, Neva (author), Stanisljevic, Jovana (author), Giunti, Guido (author)Government policies on abortion are a longstanding topic of heated political debates. The COVID-19 pandemic shook health systems to the core adding further to the complexity of this topic, as imposed national lockdowns and movement restrictions affected access to timely abortion for millions of women across the globe. In this paper, we...review 2021
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Kurnitski, Jarek (author), Kiil, Martin (author), Wargocki, Pawel (author), Boerstra, A.C. (author), Seppänen, Olli (author), Olesen, Bjarne (author), Morawska, Lidia (author)A new design method is proposed to calculate outdoor air ventilation rates to control respiratory infection risk in indoor spaces. We propose to use this method in future ventilation standards to complement existing ventilation criteria based on the perceived air quality and pollutant removal. The proposed method makes it possible to...journal article 2021
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Aspinall, W. P. (author), Sparks, R. S.J. (author), Woodhouse, M. J. (author), Cooke, R.M. (author), Scarrow, J. H. (author)Drawing on risk methods from volcano crises, we developed a rapid COVID-19 infection model for the partial return of pupils to primary schools in England in June and July 2020, and a full return in September 2020. The model handles uncertainties in key parameters, using a stochastic re-sampling technique, allowing us to evaluate infection...journal article 2021
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Schuller, Björn W. (author), Batliner, Anton (author), Bergler, Christian (author), Mascolo, Cecilia (author), Han, Jing (author), Lefter, I. (author), Kaya, Heysem (author), Amiriparian, Shahin (author), Rothkrantz, L.J.M. (author)The INTERSPEECH 2021 Computational Paralinguistics Challenge addresses four different problems for the first time in a research competition under well-defined conditions: In the COVID-19 Cough and COVID-19 Speech Sub-Challenges, a binary classification on COVID-19 infection has to be made based on coughing sounds and speech; in the Escalation...conference paper 2021
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Fragkaki, Iro (author), Maciejewski, Dominique F. (author), Weijman, Esther L. (author), Feltes, J. (author), Cima, Maaike (author)During the Covid-19 pandemic, the governments are trying to contain the spread with non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs), such as social distancing rules, restrictions, and lockdowns. In an effort to identify factors that may influence population adherence to NPIs, we examined the role of optimism bias, anxiety, and perceived severity of...journal article 2021
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Nanni, Mirco (author), Andrienko, Gennady (author), Barabási, Albert László (author), Boldrini, Chiara (author), Bonchi, Francesco (author), Cattuto, Ciro (author), Dignum, Virginia (author), Helbing, Dirk (author), van den Hoven, M.J. (author)The rapid dynamics of COVID-19 calls for quick and effective tracking of virus transmission chains and early detection of outbreaks, especially in the “phase 2” of the pandemic, when lockdown and other restriction measures are progressively withdrawn, in order to avoid or minimize contagion resurgence. For this purpose, contact-tracing apps...journal article 2021
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Mouratidis, Kostas (author), Peters, Sebastian (author), van Wee, G.P. (author)This paper reviews how teleactivities, the sharing economy, and emerging transportation technologies – components of what we could call the “App City” – may influence travel behavior and the built environment. Findings suggest that teleactivities may substitute some trips but generate others. Telework and teleconferencing may reduce total...journal article 2021
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Jiang, Peng (author), Fu, Xiuju (author), Fan, Yee Van (author), Klemeš, Jiří Jaromír (author), Chen, P. (author), Ma, Stefan (author), Zhang, Wanbing (author)Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) poses a significant threat to the population and urban sustainability worldwide. The surge mitigation is complicated and associates many factors, including the pandemic status, policy, socioeconomics and resident behaviours. Modelling and analytics with spatial-temporal big urban data are required to assist...journal article 2021