The Silk Road of the 21st Century, announced by Chinese President Xi Jinping in 2013, will certainly change the world. It will definitely stimulate economic growth and prosperity in China, the rest of Asia and elsewhere. But how can we prevent the environmental damage and the increasing inequality on a planetary scale brought about by the construction of this “road” – or in reality: a network of highways, railways, sea routes and other connections? This book deals with the question for the Maritime branch of the new Silk Road and discusses relevant strategies and technologies for sustainable and responsible port innovation and development. The backbone of the study is formed by a number of case studies of port projects in and outside of China. Some chapters focus on best practices, while others discuss new academic viewpoints, but in all cases, suggestions for improvement are given. Based on the idea that a large investment agenda also creates moral responsibility, the Chinese cases also serve to ascertain whether and to what extent they can serve as an example for projects elsewhere. A few introductory and thematic chapters and the conclusion give steering and sense to the rest of the book. Ultimately, this title gives a first and coherent analysis and assessment of a project that is unparalleled in the world and that constitutes an important determining factor for our future. @en

Ship emissions, from diesel, will cause an estimated 60 thousand people to die prematurely per year from emission related diseases such as, respiratory problems, cancer, high blood pressure and heart failure (Corbett, et al. (2007) has estimated that globally 60 thousand people will die prematurely because of (container) vessel emissions each year, especially people near shipping routes. To reduce the impact of these container vessels on public health an alternative sustainable energy sources needs to be developed. Thus, the port of Rotterdam needs to innovate.
In the development of the port area not all relevant stakeholder’s values are included in the decision process, this may lead to public resistance which impedes the development process. An example is the development of the Maasvlakte II, where public resistance impeded the development.
The aim of this report is to determine which technology, and which options for these technologies, are suitable and promising for the port of Rotterdam, hereby including public values to prevent adverse effects.
To determine which technical variant of the two trends, Shore Side Electricity and LNG, an MCA and scenarios were performed. The two technical options were determined by a desk research and interviews. The decision criteria were deducted from relevant stakeholders, by a document analysis.
The technical options that were obtained and compared in this report are a grid connected SSE option with off-shore wind power, and a containerised LNG PowerPac®. The SSE option prevails because it meets the decision criteria the best in the current situation and prevails in half of the scenarios. However, the port may implement an other option, because of practical issues or scenarios which were not included in this report

In the effort to address flood problems in Jakarta, the Indonesian and Dutch Government finalized a study called Jakarta Coastal Defence Strategy (JCDS) in 2011. In the study, it is concluded that an offshore solution is crucial to protect Jakarta from the threat of sea level rise in the coastal area. The collaboration between these two countries was later continued by realizing the Master Plan for the National Capital Integrated Coastal Development (NCICD). The main purpose of this master plan is to provide a long-term solution for flooding problems. In addition to the main purpose, this plan also addresses other urban problems, proposes a solution to improve the coastal zone area and facilitates socio-economic development in the area. This project encounters high resistance from public and is deemed to be controversial in the public domain as the plan includes the construction of a large protection wall enclosing the sea and land reclamation. The public perceives that this project would have fatal environmental and social impacts, including the disappearance of mangrove forest, undesirable effect on the livelihoods of vulnerable communities, etc. Hitherto the plan has remained controversial, despite formal assessment conducted by the Indonesian government and Dutch consultants, in which the plan is considered as a measure to save Jakarta from being a sinking city caused by an alarming rate of land subsidence. Noting this constant debate of the project, identifying values of stakeholders is, therefore, important to understand the underlying reasons of persistent oppositions. Hence the objective of this research is to develop an approach for mitigating conflicting values in a public project in Indonesia as the supporting tool for decision making process.

To be able to understand the decision-making process and identify the values at stake, an analysis was performed based on 243 newspaper articles which were selected using the keywords: ‘giant sea wall’ and ‘NCICD’ within a time period of 57 months; from January 2011 to September 2016. From these articles, the decision-making process was constructed to analyze how the decision-making process was conducted in the past and what important aspects have been missed in the implementation of decision-making process. In addition, values of the stakeholders were also identified by analyzing the arguments set forth by diverse stakeholders.

From the previous literature and analysis in this research, it has been observed that there are certain stakeholders who are necessary to be involved but are still underrepresented in the plan. Furthermore, the values which are fundamental to certain stakeholders have not been covered in the previous assessments. Therefore, in this research, the values of stakeholders are adopted as the basis of using expert methods in decision-making process in combination with the stakeholder participation method. To conclude this research, the following list is the summary of the developed approaches in which an adapted version of existing methods are used to address specific value conflict: EIA and MCA as the method to mitigate the value conflict of safety, economic development vs environmental protection (i), CBA as a method to mitigate safety, economic development, cost-recovery vs economic and welfare (general), utilities (ii), VSD as the method to mitigate value conflict between safety, economic development vs economic and welfare (affected communities), culture/ Identity (iii), and VSD as a method to mitigate value conflicts between safety, economic development vs port development (economic interest) (iv).

To understand the full impact of broadband implementation to development, investigations beyond its relationship with economic measures are needed. In this study, we particularly want to assess the impact of broadband to human development. The objective of this study is to build knowledge and insight into impact assessment in the field of human development and broadband by developing a methodology of human development impact assessment and applying it to Palapa Ring Project. Palapa Ring project is a backbone network deployment to all the municipalities in Indonesia, mainly in the form of fiber optic cable. After the methodology was developed by doing literature review, twelve interviews to various governmental and non-governmental organizations in Jakarta, Nusa Tenggara, and Papua as well as desk research are conducted as parts of applying the methodology. As a result, is it found that mostly positive impacts are expected in the productivity and empowerment components of human development, while equality and sustainability components are expected to receive positive and negative impacts. Based on the result, it is recommended to take measures to enhance the positive impacts and mitigate the negative impacts, most notably by addressing implementation issues related to broadband utilization, promoting e-literacy, engaging less privileged groups, and promoting environmentally sustainable use of broadband. Ultimately, this study has contribute in developing methodology of human development impact assessment that can be applied to other cases as well as giving feedback to the literatures on broadband impacts to human development.

Energy-related and environmental issues are getting more attention and are becoming more important over the years. Currently, they are considered as one of the greatest challenges worldwide. The widespread use of fossil fuels causes the increase of the harmful emissions which are associated with significant health and environmental issues. Ports are no exception to this problem as they are considered as major contributors. Although there are some measures available, the high majority of them focus only on technologies that can reduce the vessel emissions. The focus of this research study is on the development of a decision making tool for technologies that can be used for the reduction of the emission footprint of the ports’ shore-operations. The decision making for such technologies is not an easy process. The large number of stakeholders, the environmental concerns as well as the fast changing business environment create a complicated decision making scheme. This scheme represents specific practical and theoretical issues which need to be addressed. A list of known theories that solve these issues and a list of methods and tools that deal with values and data were used for the development. 
The developed decision making tool describes a ten step approach that provides specific guidelines and sub-tools for the assessment of the port’s situation and the technologies until the final technology selection. Considering the diverse character of ports, their fast changing business environment as well as the innovations concerning the low emission technologies, this tool has no static data-input. It reacts with the business environment and provides with the best technology choice related to the values of the stakeholders at a specific moment of time.
The developed tool was applied as an illustration study to the port of Piraeus for the following vision: ““Implementation of renewable energy technologies for electricity generation that can reduce the emission footprint of the Piraeus’ shore-operations”. The decision making tool can be used by port authorities either as the main decision tool or as supplementary tool that provides port authorities with an indication. The tool can be applied to all types of ports without restrictions such as the size or the economic activity. Its main characteristic is that it quantifies the decision making process by creating a “common language” for understanding the current situation in terms of decision criteria importance and technology opportunities. The application of the tool proved that it is particularly efficient for gradually identifying the values and their importance as decision criteria. The idea of dynamic input of data provides the flexibility to possible changes which consists an important aspect for making responsible decisions.