The influence of fiber-matrix adhesion on the linear viscoelastic creep behavior of as received and surface modified carbon fiber (AR-CF and SM-CF, respectively) reinforced polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) composite materials was investigated. Short-term tensile creep tests were performed on ±45° specimens under four different isothermal condition; 70, 80, 90 and 100°C. As a preliminary step to obtain the time-temperature master curve, as well as to characterize the changes in matrix dominated properties over storage time, physical aging effects were evaluated on both systems using the short-term test method established by Struik. The results showed that the surface treatment carried out in the SM-CF improved fiber-matrix adhesion, enhancing the mechanical performance of CF/PPS composites but with minor effects on the creep response. Increasing retardation times with physical aging was observed in all test conditions. Compared to temperature effects, physical aging showed to have a small contribution on the creep behavior of CF/PPS composites.