Heavy precipitation results in high pressure on the urban water system. This leads to pluvial flooding and overflowing of the sewer system into the surface water. In order the mitigate the impact of these events, separate sewer systems and water storage facilities are implemented in cities. Surplus water overflowing from surface water or sewer system can be stored in a reservoir for a period of time and later slowly discharged back into the water system via pumping or infiltration. In most cases, the water is not harvested for reuse. However, rainwater has a high potential for reuse. Evaporation and aquathermia are two types of the use of water in systems to cool and heat buildings. Both offer a potential application for the reuse of harvested rainwater. This research paper aims to illustrate the position of rainwater storage and harvesting in the urban water system and investigates the possibility of reusing the harvested rainwater in systems cooling or heating buildings.

In the final project, the findings are implemented in a design for a new theatre in Gouda. The design aims to create a more open, attractive and efficient theatre that will attract a wide variety of audiences. All while dealing with the challenges of the location: subsidence, water nuisance and urban heating. The new building gives space to the theatre and the neighboring community centre. A large underground storage, roof ponds and rain-curtain facades all add to a resilient and characteristic new theatre building and a comfortable indoor and outdoor climate.

Prior to the development of pulsed lasers, one assigned a single local temperature to the lattice, the electron gas, and the spins. With the availability of ultrafast laser sources, one can now drive the temperature of these reservoirs out of equilibrium. Thus, the solid shows new internal degrees of freedom characterized by individual temperatures of the electron gas Te, the lattice Tl and the spins Ts. We demonstrate an analogous behavior in the spin polarization of a ferromagnet in an ultrafast demagnetization experiment: At the Fermi energy, the polarization is reduced faster than at deeper in the valence band. Therefore, on the femtosecond time scale, the magnetization as a macroscopic quantity does not provide the full picture of the spin dynamics: The spin polarization separates into different parts similar to how the single temperature paradigm changed with the development of ultrafast lasers.

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Dit boekje is de neerslag van het thema ‘Faalkosten en budgetoverschrijdingen’,
onderdeel van het BSc-vak ‘Bouwkunde als wetenschappelijke discipline’:
Literatuuronderzoek (BK2AC1).