With what objectives do policymakers make transport policy? This fundamental question is subject to a paradigm shift within transport policymaking in the Netherlands. There is an increasing call to let go of the predominant focus on economic well-being and consider a broader notion of well-being instead. However, how exactly this 'broad prosperity' should be operationalized and integrated within ex-ante policy evaluations remains a challenge.

Therefore this thesis aims to aid this integration of broad prosperity, by suggesting an alternative approach to operationalizing broad prosperity. One that moves away from the content (i.e. what should it include) and towards the process (i.e. how should it be determined). By approaching broad prosperity as a context-dependent and normative concept, effective value-oriented participation becomes the vehicle to integrate broad prosperity into ex-ante policy evaluations. Through literature review and expert validation, this approach is translated into a practical framework with 5 categories of 11 process-related criteria. It is suggested that these criteria together constitute an effective integration of broad prosperity into ex-ante policy evaluations.

By performing desk research and semi-structured interviews, this practical framework is then applied to the ex-ante evaluations of two Dutch transport projects: the Meerjarenprogramma Infrastructuur, Ruimte en Transport (MIRT) projects Oeververbindingen Rotterdam and A15 Papendrecht-Gorinchem. The results suggest that while broad prosperity is being used to some extent in Dutch ex-ante policy evaluations, there is still room for improvement. The great efforts to reduce the information asymmetry among participants, appreciate the participants' knowledge, and ensure all participants' contributions within MIRT processes, suggest that the projects are on their way to integrating broad prosperity. The main areas for improvement include the limited influence of local stakeholders on project objectives and scope, the transport-oriented scope of the (MIRT) process, and the extent of representative value-oriented participation.

Future research could examine how to further improve in these areas, address the challenges of a process-based approach, improve the practical framework, or expand the data collection. Overall, a process-based approach to broad prosperity that prioritizes effective value-oriented participation is a promising direction for a more holistic transport system that better serves everyone's values.

The COVID-19 pandemic has changed travel behaviour and mobility in the Netherlands. It is questioned if the mobility system is subject to long-lasting change in the near and distant future. This study aims to observe the development of mobility impacts over time with a quantitative approach.

Current traditional transport models have difficulties implementing uncertainties such as the mobility disruptions of COVID-19. These models lack the exploratory nature to cope with quickly arising events and changes. Using system dynamics, a model is developed to observe the mobility impacts of disruption and trends in transportation. The developed model and alternative transport modelling approach are tested and validated by applying the case of the COVID-19 mobility disruptions in the Netherlands. By including a tele-activity alternative in the mode choice component of the model, an option not to travel is modelled as a contender to the traditional modes of transport using choice models.

Subsequently, applying the model to the COVID-19 situation provided insight into new relations and understandings of the development of the mobility impacts over time in the near and distant future. It was found that the future attractiveness of modes of transport changes as a result. Travellers' preference for private modes of transport will remain high in the forthcoming years, causing public transportation to recover slowly. It can be concluded that the system dynamics modelling approach is beneficial and has accomplished the design of a model widely applicable to COVID-19 and other mobility disruptions.