Force and pressure feedback during epidural needle insertion in the ligamentum flavum of piglets.

Epidural anesthesia is a commonly used anesthesia method during surgery or giving birth to a child. During the insertion of the needle in the back of the patient, the anesthetist has to interpret the different forces which requires extensive skills. To obtain these skills the residents train on patients, which is not without risk. Due to a lot...

Epidural Needle Insertion Simulator: A device for training resident anaesthesiologists

Epidural anaesthesia is a pain relief technique commonly performed on patients in labor. It requires insertion of a needle into patients back into the epidural space of the spine and inject anaesthetic. It is a blind procedure and anaesthesiologists rely only on the forces felt during needle insertion to determine the position of the needle tip....