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Towards Flexible Use of railway station areas that promotes Station-City Integration
The spatial relevance, design, and assessment
Operational Resilience of Electric Fleets in a Port Environment
A modelling approach to charging infrastructure design during high impact low probability events
The Port of Rotterdam, as one of the largest and busiest ports in Europe, is committed to reducing its CO2 emissions by 85% by 2030. One way this is achieved is by electrifying the fleet of support vessels it operates. Due to the criticality of the tasks performed, the Port of Rotterdam must ensure the operational resilience of the future E-fleet. Additionally, the charging infrastructure for the E-fleet needs to be designed. This paper presents a framework for identifying the effect of the charging infrastructure design on the operational resilience of an E-fleet in a port environment via a simulation approach. This paper presents operational resilience as consisting of three phases, Risk, Robustness and Recovery. A discrete events simulation is developed to simulate the effect of the charging infrastructure design on different E-fleet configurations. The model shows that a higher grid to shore rate is associated with a shorter recovery time. A higher number of charging connections is associated with a shorter charging queue and longer critical task response time recovery time. A larger charge buffer is associated with increased robustness. The findings in this paper provide a framework for the development of a sustainable and resilient electric fleet at the Port of Rotterdam.
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The Port of Rotterdam, as one of the largest and busiest ports in Europe, is committed to reducing its CO2 emissions by 85% by 2030. One way this is achieved is by electrifying the fleet of support vessels it operates. Due to the criticality of the tasks performed, the Port of Rotterdam must ensure the operational resilience of the future E-fleet. Additionally, the charging infrastructure for the E-fleet needs to be designed. This paper presents a framework for identifying the effect of the charging infrastructure design on the operational resilience of an E-fleet in a port environment via a simulation approach. This paper presents operational resilience as consisting of three phases, Risk, Robustness and Recovery. A discrete events simulation is developed to simulate the effect of the charging infrastructure design on different E-fleet configurations. The model shows that a higher grid to shore rate is associated with a shorter recovery time. A higher number of charging connections is associated with a shorter charging queue and longer critical task response time recovery time. A larger charge buffer is associated with increased robustness. The findings in this paper provide a framework for the development of a sustainable and resilient electric fleet at the Port of Rotterdam.
Designers in digital product-led organisations are increasingly expected to shape what gets built, not just execute what's already decided. In practice, most struggle to get there: work arrives already framed as a feature rather than a problem, and once senior leadership sets targets, teams tackle backlogs against the metrics tied to those targets- metrics that rarely connect to the customer outcomes that design is best positioned to influence.
This research asks how a design function can move from executing decisions to shaping them, within an organisation still structured for top-down delivery. It was conducted by embedding within a Design department at a large-scale financial organisation (referred to as ABC finance), combining a case study, interviews across product, customer-journey, and design roles, internal strategy documents, and literature on product operating models, large-scale agile transformations, design process compression and customer-centric transformation.
The findings show that design's exclusion from strategic decisions is a structural problem, not a capability gap: there is no mechanism translating organisational strategy into design objectives, or connecting design activity back to the indicators the business already tracks. In response, this thesis proposes a Design Operating System- tools for opportunity framing, prioritisation, goal setting, impact assessment, and quality governance, built to plug into existing product development processes rather than run alongside them. It gives designers a way to surface the why earlier in planning, translate customer context into terms that already carry weight, and report impact in metrics the organisation already uses.
The contribution is both practical and theoretical: a working mechanism for embedding design earlier in product discovery, and a broader argument that design's strategic relevance depends on whether such mechanisms exist to connect its work to organisational decision-making, not on design capability alone. ...
This research asks how a design function can move from executing decisions to shaping them, within an organisation still structured for top-down delivery. It was conducted by embedding within a Design department at a large-scale financial organisation (referred to as ABC finance), combining a case study, interviews across product, customer-journey, and design roles, internal strategy documents, and literature on product operating models, large-scale agile transformations, design process compression and customer-centric transformation.
The findings show that design's exclusion from strategic decisions is a structural problem, not a capability gap: there is no mechanism translating organisational strategy into design objectives, or connecting design activity back to the indicators the business already tracks. In response, this thesis proposes a Design Operating System- tools for opportunity framing, prioritisation, goal setting, impact assessment, and quality governance, built to plug into existing product development processes rather than run alongside them. It gives designers a way to surface the why earlier in planning, translate customer context into terms that already carry weight, and report impact in metrics the organisation already uses.
The contribution is both practical and theoretical: a working mechanism for embedding design earlier in product discovery, and a broader argument that design's strategic relevance depends on whether such mechanisms exist to connect its work to organisational decision-making, not on design capability alone. ...
Designers in digital product-led organisations are increasingly expected to shape what gets built, not just execute what's already decided. In practice, most struggle to get there: work arrives already framed as a feature rather than a problem, and once senior leadership sets targets, teams tackle backlogs against the metrics tied to those targets- metrics that rarely connect to the customer outcomes that design is best positioned to influence.
This research asks how a design function can move from executing decisions to shaping them, within an organisation still structured for top-down delivery. It was conducted by embedding within a Design department at a large-scale financial organisation (referred to as ABC finance), combining a case study, interviews across product, customer-journey, and design roles, internal strategy documents, and literature on product operating models, large-scale agile transformations, design process compression and customer-centric transformation.
The findings show that design's exclusion from strategic decisions is a structural problem, not a capability gap: there is no mechanism translating organisational strategy into design objectives, or connecting design activity back to the indicators the business already tracks. In response, this thesis proposes a Design Operating System- tools for opportunity framing, prioritisation, goal setting, impact assessment, and quality governance, built to plug into existing product development processes rather than run alongside them. It gives designers a way to surface the why earlier in planning, translate customer context into terms that already carry weight, and report impact in metrics the organisation already uses.
The contribution is both practical and theoretical: a working mechanism for embedding design earlier in product discovery, and a broader argument that design's strategic relevance depends on whether such mechanisms exist to connect its work to organisational decision-making, not on design capability alone.
This research asks how a design function can move from executing decisions to shaping them, within an organisation still structured for top-down delivery. It was conducted by embedding within a Design department at a large-scale financial organisation (referred to as ABC finance), combining a case study, interviews across product, customer-journey, and design roles, internal strategy documents, and literature on product operating models, large-scale agile transformations, design process compression and customer-centric transformation.
The findings show that design's exclusion from strategic decisions is a structural problem, not a capability gap: there is no mechanism translating organisational strategy into design objectives, or connecting design activity back to the indicators the business already tracks. In response, this thesis proposes a Design Operating System- tools for opportunity framing, prioritisation, goal setting, impact assessment, and quality governance, built to plug into existing product development processes rather than run alongside them. It gives designers a way to surface the why earlier in planning, translate customer context into terms that already carry weight, and report impact in metrics the organisation already uses.
The contribution is both practical and theoretical: a working mechanism for embedding design earlier in product discovery, and a broader argument that design's strategic relevance depends on whether such mechanisms exist to connect its work to organisational decision-making, not on design capability alone.
Local Corrosion of Electronic Materials
Corrosion Mechanisms and Optimisation Strategies for ENIG Coatings on Copper Substrates
The rapid advancement in electronics, driven by intricate circuit design and manufacturing miniaturisation, has enabled the development of compact devices used in a wide range of applications. To ensure the performance and reliability of these sophisticated devices, it is crucial to study corrosion behaviour and performance at micro- and nanoscale levels. Traditional methods often fall short in addressing these challenges, highlighting the need for advanced localised techniques to understand corrosion mechanisms and develop strategies that ensure the durability of these critical devices in harsh conditions. This thesis investigates the localised aqueous corrosion study of Electroless Nickel Immersion Gold (ENIG) final finishing on copper substrates, which are widely used in printed circuit boards (PCBs) for electronic applications. Through a series of experimental studies, the research explores how micro-defects, phosphorus content, and bath parameters influence the corrosion resistance of ENIG and electroless nickel-phosphorus (NiP) coatings. Utilising advanced electrochemical and surface analysis techniques, the findings provide valuable insights into optimising coating processes to enhance the reliability and longevity of electronic components in harsh environments...
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The rapid advancement in electronics, driven by intricate circuit design and manufacturing miniaturisation, has enabled the development of compact devices used in a wide range of applications. To ensure the performance and reliability of these sophisticated devices, it is crucial to study corrosion behaviour and performance at micro- and nanoscale levels. Traditional methods often fall short in addressing these challenges, highlighting the need for advanced localised techniques to understand corrosion mechanisms and develop strategies that ensure the durability of these critical devices in harsh conditions. This thesis investigates the localised aqueous corrosion study of Electroless Nickel Immersion Gold (ENIG) final finishing on copper substrates, which are widely used in printed circuit boards (PCBs) for electronic applications. Through a series of experimental studies, the research explores how micro-defects, phosphorus content, and bath parameters influence the corrosion resistance of ENIG and electroless nickel-phosphorus (NiP) coatings. Utilising advanced electrochemical and surface analysis techniques, the findings provide valuable insights into optimising coating processes to enhance the reliability and longevity of electronic components in harsh environments...