Poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) coating of additively manufactured biodegradable porous iron

Poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) coating of additively manufactured biodegradable porous iron

Putra, N.E. (TU Delft Biomaterials & Tissue Biomechanics)
Tigrine, A. (Avroxa B.V., Ghent)
Aksakal, S. (Avroxa B.V., Ghent)
de la Rosa, V. R. (Avroxa B.V., Ghent)
Taheri, P. (TU Delft Team Peyman Taheri)
Fratila-Apachitei, E.L. (TU Delft Biomaterials & Tissue Biomechanics)
Mol, J.M.C. (TU Delft Team Arjan Mol)
Zhou, J. (TU Delft Biomaterials & Tissue Biomechanics)
Zadpoor, A.A. (TU Delft Biomaterials & Tissue Biomechanics)

2022

Additively manufacturing of porous iron offers a unique opportunity to increase its biodegradation rate by taking advantage of arbitrarily complex porous structures. Nevertheless, achieving the required biodegradation profile remains challenging due to the natural passivation of iron that decrease the biodegradation rate. Moreover, the biocompatibility of iron is reported to be limited. Here, we address both challenges by applying poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) coating to extrusion-based 3D printed porous iron. We characterized the specimens by performing in vitro biodegradation, electrochemical measurements, time-dependent mechanical tests, and in vitro cytocompatibility assays. The coated porous iron exhibited a biodegradation rate that was 2.6× higher than that of non-coated counterpart and maintained the bone-mimicking mechanical properties throughout biodegradation. Despite the formation of dense biodegradation products, the coating ensured a relatively stable biodegradation (i.e., 17% reduction in the degradation rate between days 14 and 28) as compared to that of non-coated specimens (i.e., 43% drop). Furthermore, the coating could be identified even after biodegradation, demonstrating the longevity of the coating. Finally, the coated specimens significantly increased the viability and supported the attachment and growth of preosteoblasts. Our results demonstrate the great potential of poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) coating for addressing the multiple challenges associated with the clinical adoption of porous iron.

Biodegradable
Bone substitution
Extrusion-based 3D printing
iron
Poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) coating
Scaffold

http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:39507656-c011-4558-a0da-ba3280410ac7

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2021.112617

0928-4931

Materials Science and Engineering C: Materials for Biological Applications (online), 133

Institutional Repository

journal article

© 2022 N.E. Putra, A. Tigrine, S. Aksakal, V. R. de la Rosa, P. Taheri, E.L. Fratila-Apachitei, J.M.C. Mol, J. Zhou, A.A. Zadpoor