Analysis of air-launched ground-penetrating radar techniques to measure the soil surface water content

We analyze the common surface reflection and full-wave inversion methods to retrieve the soil surface dielectric permittivity and correlated water content from air-launched ground-penetrating radar (GPR) measurements. In the full-wave approach, antenna effects are filtered out from the raw radar data in the frequency domain, and full-wave...

Bayesian model averaging using particle filtering and Gaussian mixture modeling: Theory, concepts, and simulation experiments

Bayesian model averaging (BMA) is a standard method for combining predictive distributions from different models. In recent years, this method has enjoyed widespread application and use in many fields of study to improve the spread-skill relationship of forecast ensembles. The BMA predictive probability density function (pdf) of any quantity of...