Quantifying Biomedical Amplifier Efficiency: The noise efficiency factor

There has been a long-standing interest in controlling and instrumenting the human body. Whether to restore lost function with neural prosthetics, monitor blood glucose levels, or augment human capabilities, there are countless opportunities for sensors inside ( e.g., ingestible, injectable, and implantable) and outside ( e.g., wearable) the...

Development and optimization of trivalent chromium electrodeposit on 304L stainless steel to improve corrosion resistance in chloride-containing environment

In this study, we developed and optimized a trivalent chromium coating electrodeposited on 304L stainless steel (SS) from a Cr-trivalent bath. The results reveal that the Cr coatings at all bath temperatures except for 80 °C showed clusters of polyhedral grains, however, the grain sizes decreased with an increase in bath temperature. Also,...

A 1024-Channel 268 nW/pixel 36x36 μm²/ch Data-Compressive Neural Recording IC for High-Bandwidth Brain-Computer Interfaces

This paper presents a neural recording IC featuring lossy compression during digitization, thus preventing data deluge and enabling a compact active digital pixel design. The wired-OR-based compression discards unwanted baseline samples while allowing the reconstruction of spike samples. The IC features a 32x32 MEA with 36 μ m pixel pitch and...

Compositive role of refractory element Mo in improving strength and ductility of face-centered-cubic complex concentrated alloys

Complex concentrated alloys (CCAs) with a face-centered-cubic (FCC) structure exhibit remarkable mechanical properties, introducing the expansion of compositional space in alloy design for structural materials. The formation of a single solid-solution phase is enabled by configuring various 3d-transition elements, while doping other elements...

Development of a scanning tunneling microscope for variable temperature electron spin resonance

Recent advances in improving the spectroscopic energy resolution in scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) have been achieved by integrating electron spin resonance (ESR) with STM. Here, we demonstrate the design and performance of a homebuilt STM capable of ESR at temperatures ranging from 1 to 10 K. The STM is incorporated with a homebuilt...

Heat-fueled enzymatic cascade for selective oxyfunctionalization of hydrocarbons

Heat is a fundamental feedstock, where more than 80% of global energy comes from fossil-based heating process. However, it is mostly wasted due to a lack of proper techniques of utilizing the low-quality waste heat (<100 °C). Here we report thermoelectrobiocatalytic chemical conversion systems for heat-fueled, enzyme-catalyzed...

A human-centric machine learning based personalized route choice prediction in navigation systems

Real-world route navigation data indicate that nontrivial portion of drivers do not prefer the system-recommended best routes. Current navigation systems have simplified assumptions about drivers’ route choice preferences and do not adequately accommodate drivers’ heterogeneous route choice preferences, mainly because of: (i) difficulty in...

Shear band-driven precipitate dispersion for ultrastrong ductile medium-entropy alloys

Precipitation strengthening has been the basis of physical metallurgy since more than 100 years owing to its excellent strengthening effects. This approach generally employs coherent and nano-sized precipitates, as incoherent precipitates energetically become coarse due to their incompatibility with matrix and provide a negligible...

Increasing variable stiffness actuator-response using an electromagnetic spring

An electromagnetic spring-based variable stiffness actuator is a new concept with the potential to change stiffness faster than mechanical springs can; however, its nonlinear elastic property is a challenge in actuator design. In this paper, the torque response of a custom-made electromagnetic spring was studied using a ramping force test and...

A Compact Resistor-Based CMOS Temperature Sensor With an Inaccuracy of 0.12 °C (3σ) and a Resolution FoM of 0.43 pJ·K² in 65-nm CMOS

This paper presents a compact resistor-based CMOS temperature sensor intended for dense thermal monitoring. It is based on an RC poly-phase filter (PPF), whose temperature-dependent phase shift is read out by a frequency-locked loop (FLL). The PPF's phase shift is determined by a zero-crossing (ZC) detector, allowing the rest of the FLL to be...

A 0.53pJK27000μm2resistor-based temperature sensor with an inaccuracy of ±0.35°C (3σ) in 65nm CMOS

In microprocessors and DRAMs, on-chip temperature sensors are essential components, ensuring reliability by monitoring thermal gradients and hot spots. Such sensors must be as small as possible, since multiple sensors are required for dense thermal monitoring. However, conventional BJT-based temperature sensors are not compatible with the sub...

Magnetically assisted bilayer composites for soft bending actuators

This article presents a soft pneumatic bending actuator using a magnetically assisted bilayer composite composed of silicone polymer and ferromagnetic particles. Bilayer composites were fabricated by mixing ferromagnetic particles to a prepolymer state of silicone in a mold and asymmetrically distributed them by applying a strong non-uniform...

New bearingless generator with buoyant rotor for large direct-drive wind turbines

Initial design of an LADM-based 3D Cadastre - Case study from Korea

Korea and The Netherlands have started a 3 year cooperation covering joint research, capacity building and international advisory in the domain of cadastre and land administration with a special focus on 3D developments. At the Korean side the Korea Cadastral Survey Corporation and the University of Seoul are involved, while at the Netherlands...