Blue Hydrogen in a flexible multicommodity energy system for ammonia production: A dynamic numerical model of blue hydrogen production in a multi-commodity energy system to produce ammonia for conceptual design and simulation purposes

Low-carbon hydrogen is expected to have a large role in future energy systems. Recent research shows the short-term financial feasibility of blue hydrogen is often higher than green hydrogen. Ammonia production is particularly carbon-intensive due to its hydrogen production routes. This research focuses on the physics-based modelling of blue...

Modelling and sizing of post-processing equipment for wet hydrogen from alkaline electrolysis

The increasing adoption of hydrogen in industrial applications is driven by its potential to decarbonize various industries. Among the various methods of hydrogen production, water electrolysis is considered one of the environmentally friendliest options. However, hydrogen produced from water electrolysis contains impurities such as oxygen and...

Techno-Economics of Green Hydrogen: Production, Compression, Transportation and Storage

To comply with the Paris Agreement, the Dutch government has launched an energy transition process, with the goal of replacing coal and natural gas-based electricity with renewable sources. The intermittent nature of renewable electricity necessitates the installation of an energy storage system to balance supply and demand. Hydrogen is a...

Large-Scale Hydrogen Liquefaction: Process Modelling, Viability and Techno-economic Analysis

Hydrogen's competitiveness as a sustainable energy carrier depends greatly on its transportation and storage costs. Liquefying hydrogen for these purposes offers benefits like purity, versatility, and higher density. However, current industrial hydrogen liquefaction processes face efficiency and cost challenges, with a second-law efficiency...

Extraction with Crown Ethers: A Promising Approach for Lithium-ion Battery Recycling

Many of the high-performance portable electronics and electric vehicles (EVs) on the market depend on lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) as their primary energy source. If millions of EVs are to be manufactured each year, rigorous resource management for EV battery manufacturing, as well as a material- and energy efficient 3R system (reduce, re-use,...

Techno economic analysis of salt cavern hydrogen storage

With increasing interest in developing green hydrogen infrastructure as a way to decarbonize the power, transportation and heating sector the storage of hydrogen becomes a crucial component. Although most present hydrogen storage techniques are of small-scale, the intermittent nature of renewable electricity and expected future green hydrogen...

Technoeconomic Analysis : Green hydrogen production by integrating Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) & Solid Oxide Electrolyzer (SOE)

This thesis presents a techno-economic analysis of integrating Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) and Solid Oxide Electrolysis (SOE) technologies for the production of hydrogen. The study begins with the development of system-level 0D models for CSP and SOE individually. These models are then combined to create a unified model for CSP-SOE...

Process Integration of Electrolysis, Gasification and Syngas Upgrading for Biofuel Production: A techno-economic assessment

The transport sector remains one of the largest CO2 emitting sectors globally. Decarbonizing the transport sector is an important aspect in the energy transition. The word transition is key, since it will take several decades or more to transition to a fully sustainable world. During this transition mainly heavy-duty vehicles and probably most...

From Lab to Market: Evaluating Performance Metrics for Electrochemical Ammonia Synthesis versus Haber-Bosch

Ammonia (NH3) is a bulk commodity chemical known for its large production volumes and application in the global fertiliser industry, and is more recently being explored for its role as a sustainable energy vector. The industry standard ammonia production method is the century-old Haber-Bosch (HB) process, which is power by fossil fuels, and is...

Process Design & Economic Analysis of Methane Pyrolysis for Production of Hydrogen from Natural gas

There is an increase in the amount of CO2 emissions in the past few decades and the process of capturing it back is at a much lower rate. The need of the hour is to reduce the emission rate or even avoid producing them in certain aspects. There is a transition towards renewable energy sources<br/>that could help us maintain the balance required....

Analyses of the Oil Management in High-Temperature Heat Pumps and Modelling of the Oil-Refrigerant Separation

Due to financial and environmental benefits, the interest in high-temperature heat pumps, producing heat sinks above 100 °C, is rising. Research is intensifying, and technology is developing fast. However, of all the components of the heat pump cycle, the oil management system seems to be the least investigated, even though 12% of the faults in...

Modeling gas crossover in alkaline water electrolysers

Climate change due to the extensive use of fossil fuels has led to the deployment of alternative green ones, such as hydrogen. Green hydrogen is produced by renewable electricity and is CO₂-free. This thesis focuses on the production of hydrogen by implementing alkaline water electrolysis as the core technology.  <br/>Due to the...

Characterization and Economic Evaluation of Biochar for Ammonium Adsorption

The nitrogen crisis is one of the biggest problems in society. Therefore, a tremendous amount of research is going on to solve this problem. This thesis focuses on solving the problem of nitrogenous emissions by capturing ammonium emissions from agricultural farms. Biochars have been gaining much attention due to their desirable properties, such...

Thermal modeling of an alkaline electrolyser under variable load

The unprecedented increase in mean ambient temperature due to immoderate CO2 emissions has shifted the energy policy towards the replacement of fossil fuels with renewable energy sources. Nevertheless, the intermittency of these technologies renders them unsuitable for reliable energy supply. A prominent solution is the utilization of renewable...

Design of a microgrid model to simulate and control energy distribution for energy neutral tunnel projects within Croonwolter&dros

Energy­neutral tunnels, large upcoming solutions for the carbon emissions in the Netherlands. The energy transition is needed, though it still has its problems. To be able to realize an energy­-neutral tunnel, different components are combined like renewable energy generation and energy storage. By linking tunnel systems not only with the energy...

The selection and (economic) evaluation of ammonia recycling processes of manure from farms

Nitrogen emissions contribute significantly to climate change, especially in the Netherlands around Natura-2000 areas, and one of the main contributors is manure. However, not only does manure usually have high nitrogen emissions, a lot of it is in the form of ammonia, which in itself is very energy-intensive to create. Therefore MEZT developed...

Electrified Haber-Bosch Process: Green Ammonia Production

This report provides a design for a new process to make the ammonia-producing Haber-Bosch process more sustainable by reducing its CO2 emissions. It presents different elements of a process design with most importantly; process diagrams, mass and energy balances and a techno-economic analysis. The most important differences in this process is...

An experimental and computational study of CO2 absorption in aqueous solutions of tetraethylenepentamine

Capturing CO2 directly from the atmosphere and subsequently using it to produce hydrocarbon fuels could help decrease mankind's reliance on fossil fuels and mitigate the risks of climate change. Zero Emission Fuels (ZEF) is developing a small-scale methanol plant, which utilizes atmospheric CO­2 and H2O vapor as feedstocks for renewable methanol...