Towards 3D Printed Osteoimmunomodulatory Surface Patterns

Osteoimmunomodulation (OIM) is a mechanism through which orthopedic biomaterials may modulate the function of immune cells to promote osteogenesis. OIM is considered a potentially effective way for improving osseointegration. The surface characteristics of orthopedic implants (e.g., topography, wettability, surface chemistry, and charge) can...