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Zhang, Muchen (author), Li, Zelin (author), Hou, Shuya (author), Deng, Siyu (author), Reniers, G.L.L.M.E. (author), Yang, M. (author), Zhang, Bin (author)Domino effects are high-impact low-probability events that can have catastrophic consequences. To prevent and to reduce risks related to such events, safety barriers (SBs) are crucial. However, the initiation, propagation, and stopping processes of domino effects are characterized with complexity and uncertainties and hence they are...journal article 2024
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Tan, Xinxin (author), Xiao, Shenbin (author), Yang, Yu (author), Khakzad, Nima (author), Reniers, G.L.L.M.E. (author), Chen, Chao (author)Frequent unpredictable earthquake disasters such as the Turkey Earthquake in 2023 pose an increasing threat to oil tank farms since they may trigger major accidents and domino effects, resulting in casualties, economic losses, and environmental pollution. Unpredictable earthquakes are definitely difficult to prevent and thus resilience...journal article 2024
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Chen, Chao (author), Chen, Hang (author), Mo, Li (author), Xiao, Shenbin (author), Li, Changjun (author), Yang, M. (author), Reniers, G.L.L.M.E. (author)Fire-induced domino effect is one of the main threats to hazardous material storage tanks, and many attempts have been conducted to assess the vulnerability of storage tanks exposed to fire to evaluate domino effect risk. However, past research ignored the influence of wind load on the thermal buckling behavior of storage tanks exposed to...journal article 2024
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Zhou, Jianfeng (author), Reniers, G.L.L.M.E. (author), Cozzani, Valerio (author)Fire is one of the main accident scenarios occurring in chemical and process plants, and it can lead to domino effects due to thermal radiation. Emergency response is necessary to prevent fire escalation, in addition to safety barriers. In major industrial fire accidents, backup is usually required in emergency response, due to the lack of...journal article 2023
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Khakzad, Nima (author), Chen, Chao (author), Reniers, G.L.L.M.E. (author), Amyotte, Paul (author)Effective firefighting and evacuation are integral parts of emergency response plans in process plants, which play a key role in protecting human lives and assets in the event of major fires. Given sufficient firefighting resources, firefighters would suppress all the burning vessels and cool off all the exposed vessels in order to contain the...journal article 2023
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Xu, Y. (author), Reniers, G.L.L.M.E. (author), Yang, M. (author), Yuan, S. (author), Chen, Chao (author)Domino accidents are typical low-frequency and high-consequence events in chemical process industries. Applying quantitative risk assessment (QRA) in domino accident assessment is challenging due to the uncertainties in the escalation process. Meanwhile, the outcomes of QRA are subject to a certain degree of unreliability due to the...journal article 2023
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Zhou, Jianfeng (author), Reniers, G.L.L.M.E. (author)A fire accident is one the most dangerous accidents that may lead to knock-on effects, especially in the plants dealing with large quantities of hazardous substances. Different from other accidents, e.g., explosions, fires can last certain period of time and the thermal radiations emitted by them have a synergistic effect. At the same time, the...journal article 2022
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Zeng, Tao (author), Chen, Guohua (author), Reniers, G.L.L.M.E. (author), Men, Jinkun (author)A domino effect triggered by a natural event (a so-called Natech domino effect) represents a typical high-impact low-probability (HILP) event, which may lead to catastrophic consequences. The presence of safety barriers could have an impact on the effects by impeding propagation patterns and mitigating potential consequences. However,...journal article 2022
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Chen, C. (author)Process and chemical industrial areas consist of hundreds and even thousands of installations situated next to each other, where quantities of hazardous (e.g., flammable, explosive, toxic) substances are stored, transported, or processed. These installations are mutually linked in terms of the hazard level they pose to each other in the system....doctoral thesis 2021
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Swuste, P.H.J.J. (author), van Nunen, K.L.L. (author), Reniers, G.L.L.M.E. (author), Khakzad, N. (author)Major accidents in Western countries, receiving a lot of media attention in the 1970s, are starting point for research into internal and external domino effects in the chemical and petrochemical sectors and clusters. Initially, these reports are published by government institutions and government-related research centers. With the upcoming...book chapter 2021
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Cincotta, Salvatore (author), Khakzad, N. (author), Cozzani, Valerio (author), Reniers, G.L.L.M.E. (author)Domino effects triggered by fire can cause extremely severe damages to the chemical and process plants. In the need of a more effective prevention of fire domino effects, the present study focuses on firefighting which has received less attention compared to passive and active fire protection systems. Considering both the vulnerability and...journal article 2019
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Khakzad, N. (author)Global warming and the subsequent increase in the frequency and severity of wildfires demand for specialized risk assessment and management methodologies to cope with the ever-increasing risk of wildfires in wildland-industrial interfaces (WIIs). Wildfires can jeopardize the safety and integrity of industrial plants, and trigger secondary...journal article 2019
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Swuste, P.H.J.J. (author), van Nunen, K. (author), Reniers, G.L.L.M.E. (author), Khakzad, N. (author)Major accidents in Western countries, receiving a lot of media attention in the 1970s, are starting point for research into internal and external domino effects in the chemical and petrochemical sectors and clusters. Initially, these reports are published by government institutions and government-related research centres. With the upcoming...review 2019
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Sunil, E. (author), Þórđarson, Olafur (author), Ellerbroek, Joost (author), Hoekstra, J.M. (author)Decentralized en-route airspace concepts have been proposed by many studies to increase airspace safety and capacity. Most of these studies, including our own forays into this domain, have used fast-time simulation experiments to explore the benefits offered by decentralization. While simulations are indispensable during the initial design phase...conference paper 2018
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Ellerbroek, Joost (author), Inaad, Mazin (author), Hoekstra, J.M. (author)This paper presents an analysis of the potential fuel and emission benefits of implementing Continuous Descent Operations at Schiphol International Airport, from cruise altitude to the final approach fix, for a large scope of aircraft types. Using historical data from on-board sources and ADS-B, fuel-optimal continuous descents are simulated...conference paper 2018
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Sunil, E. (author), Ellerbroek, Joost (author), Hoekstra, J.M. (author)This paper presents a semi-empirical method to determine the maximum theoretical capacity of decentralized airspace concepts. The method considered here, named Capacity Assessment Method for Decentralized ATC (CAMDA), formalizes an earlier approach described in literature, extends it for threedimensional airspace, and also improves the accuracy...conference paper 2018
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Khakzad, N. (author), Landucci, Gabriele (author), Cozzani, Valerio (author), Reniers, G.L.L.M.E. (author), Pasman, HJ (author)The propagation of fire-induced domino effects in chemical plants largely depends on the primary fire scenario, on separation distances between the units, and on the presence of fire protection barriers. Passive and active safety barriers are widely employed to prevent or delay the initiation or propagation of domino effects. In the present...journal article 2018
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Naderpour, Mohsen (author), Khakzad, N. (author)On February 2007, a massive fire in a propane de-asphalting unit in an oil refinery in Texas, USA happened due to liquid propane release from a cracked pipe in a control station injuring four people, damaging extensive equipment, causing significant business interruption, and resulting in more than $50 million losses. The accident was...journal article 2018
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Khakzad, N. (author)Effective firefighting of major fires in fuel storage plants can effectively prevent or delay fire spread (domino effect) and eventually extinguish the fire. If the number of firefighting crew and equipment is sufficient, firefighting will include the suppression of all the burning units and cooling of all the exposed units. However, when...journal article 2018
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Khakzad, N. (author), Landucci, G. (author), Reniers, G.L.L.M.E. (author)The propagation of fire in chemical plants – also known as fire domino effects - largely depends on the performance of add-on passive and active protection systems such as sprinkler systems, water deluge systems, emergency shut down and emergency blow down systems, fireproofing, and emergency response. Although such safety barriers are widely...journal article 2017
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