Recent Developments in the Design of Conventional Rubble Mound Structures

Conventional rubble mound structures such as breakwaters, seawalls, and revetments are the most common type of coastal structures around the world used to protect harbour basins and embankments from wave action. To have a safe and economic design, two aspects need to be considered. The first one is the structural stability where the required...

Method to quantify the notional permeability

In de Van der Meer formulas for armour stability the Notional Permeability is used as a parameter. Unfortunately the physical basis of this parameter is weak. It is therefore suggested to use a relation between the Notional Permeability P and the reduction of wave run-up due to infiltration into the breakwater. The advantage is that the latter...

Review of proposed section of Accropode and Xbloc stability for CRESS update

Overview of computational rules for Accropede and Xbloc in Cress

Xbloc armour unit development - hydraulic performance of Xbloc armour units, 2D model tests at WL Delft

The coastal team of Delta Marine Consultants [DMC] have taken the initiative to develop a new concrete armour unit for application on breakwaters and shore protections. Following the preliminary model tests conducted at DMC, 2-D hydraulic model tests have been carried out at Delft Hydraulics in October 2002. The experimental set-up and test...

Computation of a coastal protection, using classical method, the PIANC-method or a full probabilistic approach ?

In a classical design approach to breakwaters a design wave height is determined, and filled in into a design formula. Some undefined safety is added. In the method using partial safety coefficients (as developed by PIANC [1992] and recently also adopted by the Coastal Engineering Manual of the US Army Corps of Engineers [CEM [2003]) the degree...

Influence of the density of placement on the stability of armour layers on breakwaters

Studies on the stability of the amour layer (d’Angremond et. al. [1999] revealed the importance of density of placement. The current research focuses on the influence of the density of placement on the stability of cubes in a double armour layer and tetrapods and rocks in a single armour layer. The experiments were performed in the Laboratory of...

Dynamic structural response of Core-Loc

The Core-Loc, invented and developed at the Waterways Experiment Station (WES), is a new-generation, optimized breakwater concrete armor unit for protecting shoreline and navigation structures.Because of the very difficult construction, in-service, and repair conditions associated with high-energy wave environments, a need was identified to...

Static stability of loose materials under wave attack: New design formulae and probabilistic approach

Overview of application of the Van der Meer formula in a probabilistic environment.

The influence of armourstone shape and rounding on the stability of breakwater armour layers

This is the second of two reports relating to a collaborative prograrmne of random wave flume tests to quantify the effect of rock shape on stability. The first report, SR 150, by Hydraulics Research, Wallingford, gives a summary of recent advances in design methods for rock armoured coastal structures and presents a detailed description of the...

Sizing of a toe berm armor stone on rubble-mound breakwater and jetty trunks designed for depth-limited breaking waves

This memorandum provides design guidance for sizing toe berm armor on breakwater and jetty trunks exposed to depth limited breaking waves whose crests approach at or near parallel to the structure

Risk criteria in design stability of sloping structure in relation to the Iribarren number

Existing design formulas for rubble-mound breakwaters under wave attack contain the wave height, H, and the slope angle, cc, as parameters of the wave characteristics (for d/H > 3.0, d being the water depth in front or the structure) and structure characteristics (incl. permeability, roughness, interlocking-, etc.) excluding the effect of wave...

Riprap design for wind-wave attack, a laboratory study in random waves

In 1962 the Civil Engineering Research Association (CERA) sponsored laboratory tests which resulted in the publication of a report (1) giving design procedures for determining the riprap size required for given design wave conditions. the CERA work represents one of the first attempts to rel.te the results of tests using regular waves to those...

A critical review of the hydraulics of rubble mound structures

Forces by uprush and downrush, the imporatnace of permeability, the resonance phenomenon, friction between armor blocks and between armor and sublayer, slope geotmetry and practical design principles

Laboratory investigation of rubble-mound breakwaters

Paper describing the development of the "Hudson formula" for the stability of armor on a breakwater.