Government management and overexploitation of groundwater resources: absence of local community initiatives in Ardabil plain-Iran

Although mismanagement of groundwater resources has resulted in their destruction over centuries, climate change is speeding up this process more than ever. On the one hand, urgent action by government bodies is needed to address the challenge. On the other hand, a vast body of literature proves that bottom-up collective action, although...

Continuing Lines: Application of heuristic optimisation techniques for spatial environmental problems with multiple objectives

Resource management in densely populated and technologically developed countries is faced with changing conditions, tending towards increased complexity. Some examples of these trends are: * increasing scarcity of resources and hence increased need for efficient production; * increasing number of objectives, such as those referring to ecological...