Development of a miniature novel biopsy instrument for ductoscopy

Background: Ductoscopy is a minimally invasive procedure, using a sub millimeter fiber optical camera, to explore the mammary ductal epithelium for Pathological Nipple Discharge (serous fluid discharged from the milk duct) and breast cancer, detecting lesions up to eight years before other modalities. Although ductoscopy can revolutionize breast...

Shaft-Guidance for Flexible Endoscopes

Flexible endoscopes (long, slender, flexible instruments with a camera and light at the distal end, having working channels to introduce flexible instruments) are used for diagnostic and therapeutic interventions inside the human digestive system and inside the abdomen. Though used for their flexibility, the flexibility of these instruments...

Requirements for the design and implementation of checklists for surgical processes

Background- The use of checklists is a promising strategy for improving patient safety in all types of surgical processes inside and outside the operating room. This article aims to provide requirements and implementation of checklists for surgical processes. Methods- The literature on checklist use in the operating room was reviewed based on...