Granular open filter in rubble mound sand retaining structures: Physical model tests of a negative geometrically open filter layer

For the use of open filters in land reclamations new guidelines are needed as no research is currently done for the configuration of a sand layer is placed on top of a filter layer. This research focuses purely on the interaction between cyclic motions and the described sand-filter layer. A numerical OpenFOAM model is used to extract the order...

Open filters in breakwaters with a sand core: Study into the stability of granular geometrically open, hydraulically sand-open filters in breakwaters with a sand core

Thesis study into an alternative design for breakwaters made of granular materials like sand and quarry stone. In this design, the breakwater is constructed of a sand core and a layer of large stones directly on top of it, without the traditional filter layers in-between. The single layer of stones serves as one open filter layer that has to...

Stability of open granular filters under wave loading

A filter can be applied to protect a bed against scour. Normally, these filters are geometrically closed, to prevent winnowing of the base material through the filter. However, geometrically closed filters are expensive and difficult to realize in the field. Geometrically open filters can serve as an alternative. Within an open filter, the pores...

Geometrically Open Inverted Granular Filters

This study investigates the use of an open filter in a land reclamation structure. The possibility of replacing the geotextile that secures the core-backfill interface with a granular filter has been investigated. This is easier to install and therefore a potential cost-saving. Experiments have been done to determine the influence of various...

Scour below the toe of breakwaters: Investigation of scour formation through a geometrically open filter configuration located at the toe of a rubble mound breakwater lying upon sand

Scour formation at the toe of a rubble mound breakwater can lead to abrupt failure. Nowadays, counteraction of scour via geometrically closed filter rules, geotextiles or combinations is the common practice. Alternatively, in specific cases the use of geometrically open filters can save significant amount of time and decrease constructional...

Stability of open filter structures

Granular filters are used for protection against scour and erosion. For a proper functioning it is necessary that interfaces between the filter structure, the subsoil and the water flowing above the filter structure are stable. Stability means that there is no transport of subsoil material through the filter to the water above the filter, and...

Inversed Open Granular Filters in Land Reclamation Structures: Modeling of the Interface Stability

This thesis is the third study of a research line that focuses on the interface stability of a rubble mound sand retaining structure. The type of interface considered is a geometrically open granular filter because of its economical and constructional benefits. The stability of an open filter structure in which the base layer is located on top...