Multi-epoch PPP-RTK corrections: temporal characteristics, pitfalls and user-impact

PPP-RTK corrections, aiding GNSS users to achieve single-receiver integer ambiguity-resolved parameter solutions, are often estimated in a recursive manner by a provider. Such recursive, multi-epoch, estimation of the corrections relies on a set of S-basis parameters that are chosen by the provider so as to make the underlying measurement...

On the Problem of Double-Filtering in PPP-RTK

To obtain single-receiver Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) parameter solutions, the PPP-RTK user-filter combines measurements with time-correlated corrections that are separately computed by the filter of an external provider. The consequence of exercising such double-filtering is that the Kalman filter’s standard assumption of...

Fast and reliable multi-GNSS precise point positioning with integer ambiguity resolution

Precise Point Positioning (PPP) is a Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) modelling and processing method that provides single-receiver users with high positioning accuracy anywhere on the globe, without the explicit dependence on reference receivers. The realization of PPP is based on undifferenced code and phase measurements, a priori...

Impact and mitigation of neglecting PPP-RTK correctional uncertainty

The corrections needed to realize integer ambiguity resolution-enabled precise point positioning (PPP-RTK) at a single-receiver user are often treated as if they are deterministic quantities. The present contribution aims to study and analyze the effect the neglected uncertainty of these corrections, which are subject to time delay, has on...

Flight-Test Evaluation of Integer Ambiguity Resolution Enabled PPP

The technology of integer ambiguity resolution-enabled precise-point-positioning (also referred to as PPP-AR) has been proven capable of providing comparable accuracy, efficiency, and productivity to long-baseline real-time kinematic positioning (RTK) during the last decade. Commercial PPP-AR services have been provided by different...

A multi-frequency galileo ppp-rtk convergence analysis with an emphasis on the role of frequency spacing

The single-receiver integer ambiguity resolution-enabled variant of precise point positioning (PPP), namely PPP-RTK, has proven to be crucial in reducing the long convergence time of PPP solutions through the recovery of the integerness of the user-ambiguities. The proliferation of global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) supports various...

Precision analysis of partial ambiguity resolution-enabled PPP using multi-GNSS and multi-frequency signals

A single-receiver integer ambiguity resolution-enabled precise point positioning (PPP-RTK) user experiences a long convergence time when the rather weak single-constellation dual-frequency ionosphere-float model is used. Nowadays, the rapid development of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) provides a multitude of available satellites...

Assessing the performance of multi-GNSS PPP-RTK in the local area

The benefits of an increased number of global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) in space have been confirmed for the robustness and convergence time of standard precise point positioning (PPP) solutions, as well as improved accuracy when (most of) the ambiguities are fixed. Yet, it is still worthwhile to investigate fast and high-precision...